Day 5 – Scales

47. Pitch class All the notes of the same name; for example, pitch class D means all Ds.

Directions: List all the pitch classes in the excerpt.

48. Scale An ordered set of pitch classes.

49. Diatonic Refers to a major or minor scalar relationship where each pitch has a purpose and creates a degree of tension or release. Tonic is the focal point.

50. Major Scale W – W – H – W – W – W – H

51. Major tetrachord W – W – H

W W H W W W H

Key Signatures

Major Sharp Key Signatures

52. Order of Sharps Fat Cats Go Down Alleys EatingBAGELS

Major Flat Key Signatures

53. Order of Flats BEAD - GCF

W H W W H W W

54. Natural Minor Scale Minor scale pattern based on the white keys starting on A. W H W – W H W – W

55. Relative Minor Shares the same key signature as the Major. Three half steps below Major.

56. Harmonic Minor Scale Natural Minor with a raised 7.

57. Melodic Minor Scale Ascending: Natural minor with raised 6 and 7. Descending: Natural minor

Ascending Melodic Minor

Natural Minor Natural OR Descending Melodic Minor

Harmonic Minor

C# minor F minor

G# minor F# minor

C Major E MajorB Major Ab Major

Same Key Signature = Relative minor / Major

58. Parallel Minor Same tonic as major but different key signature.

E Major

E minor

Relative Minor Scales

Key – starts and ends on F

Key – starts and ends on D

Ab Major or F minor5 – 1 or 7 – 3

1 / 3 Ab Major

CG

D

A

E

B

F#C#

F

F C

FCG

FCGD

FCGDAFCGDAE

FCGDAEB

F

Bb

Eb

Ab

DbGb Cb

BBE

BEA

BEAD

BEADGBEADGC

BEADGCF

TonicSupertonic

MediantSubdominant

DominantSubmediant

Leading ToneTonic

59. Subtonic The natural minor or descending melodic minor 7th scale degree, because it is a whole step below tonic.

60. Tonal

61. Tonality

Centered around one note (tonic)

Having a major or minor tonic center