Day 2, workshop 3

Semantic Webfor

Cultural Heritage

Geertje Jacobs - RijksmuseumMichiel Hilderbrand - CWI/VUMaarten Heerlien - NaturalisHans Nederbragt - Trezorix

DISH200910-12-2009

overview

Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009

1introduction to the use cases

2what is the semantic web

3remodelling data for findability

4reusing web resources for subject annotation

5an interface to integrated collections

6organizational aspects

7lessons learned, discussion and conclusion

introduction to the use cases | Teylers Universum

Teylers Universum



Teylers Universum

heterogeneous collections:

art objectsbooks

numismatic objectsold instruments

mineralogical objectspaleontological objects


Teylers Universum

flexible and expandable modelling:

"regular" intrinsic properties of objects

but also extendible types like:eventsroles

statements


introduction to the use cases | Rijksmuseum, VU/CWI

Rijksmuseum annotation tool


introduction to the use cases | Rijksmuseum, VU/CWI

Subject matter annotation

semantic technology to improve subject matter annotation

collaboration between museum specialist and academics

goalsexplore feasability of reusing excistig web sources

requirements for integration in the museums workflow

approachiterative design of prototype (11 weeks)


introduction to the use cases | Sterna

STERNA



STERNA

Semantic Web BasedThematicEuropean

Reference NetworkApplication



STERNA

heterogeneous collectionsa distributed environmenta multilingual environment

link with Europeana


what is the semantic web

What is the Semantic Web?



The Web: “open” documents and links

web linkURL URLSemantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009


The Semantic Web: “open” data and links

web linkURL URL

creator

Dublin Core

Painting: “Green Stripe (Mme Matisse)”Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Copenhagen

Painter: “Henri Matisse”Getty ULAN




The information is there

Web 1.0 to Web 3.0


Make data accessible for linking and reuse by man and machine

provide unique identifiers on the WebHTTP URIs for each term

http://purl.org/vocabularies/getty/aat/Fauve

use commonly agreed upon formatprocessable by machines (RDF)

shared vocabularies (Dublin Core, SKOS, ...)


http://purl.org/vocabularies/getty/aat/Fauve


SKOS

Simple Knowledge Organization System



SKOS

Simple Knowledge Organization System

<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#">

<skos:Concept rdf:about="http://www.example.com/concepts#shrubs"> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">shrubs</skos:prefLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="en">bushes</skos:altLabel> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="fr">arbuste</skos:prefLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">buisson</skos:altLabel> </skos:Concept>

</rdf:RDF>


remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna

Remodelling data for findabilityTeylers Universum and Sterna

flexible and expandable modelling



title :type :

creator :date of creation :

place of creation :publisher :

date of publication :place of publication :

publication spec :language :

size :registration nr :

notes :

Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered



title :type :

creator :role :

date of creation :place of creation :

publisher :date of publication :

place of publication :publication spec :

language :size :

registration nr :notes :

Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)author1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered



title :type :

creator :creator :

role :role :




language :size :


Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered

√



title :type :

creator :creator :

role :role :




language :size :


Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered



title :type :

creator :creator :

role :role :

creator year of birth :creator year of birth :

creator year of death :creator year of death :


publisher :publisher date of birth :

publisher date of death :date of publication :


language :…

Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator15831606164516691622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)15401617 (ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch…



title :type :

creator :creator :

role :role :

date of creation :publisher :

date of publication :place of publication :

publication spec :language :

size :registration nr :

notes :

Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator1622Lodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered



title :event :

type :publication spec :

language :size :


Travel by box

book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered



title :event :


language :size :


Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered

event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :

Travel by box [creation] 1creationHugo de Groot [author]1622Paris



title :event :event :


language :size :


Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered

event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :


event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :

Travel by box [creation] 2creationRembrand van Rijn [illustrator]1622Amsterdam



title :event :event :event :


language :size :


Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered

event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :



event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :

Travel by box [creation] 2creationRembrand van Rijn [illustrator]1622Amsterdam

event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :

Travel by box [publication] publicationLodewijk Elsevier [publisher]1623Leiden




language :size :



event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :


event types creation birth death ownership printing publication shipwreck …





language :size :



event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :


actor/role name :actor :

role :date :

Hugo de Groot [author]Hugo de Grootauthor1601-1645

actor name :event :notes :

Hugo de Groot roles

author illustrator owner painter printer publisher …


actor name :event :notes :

Hugo de Groot

Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage| DISH2009| 10-12-2009



language :size :




actor name :event :event :notes :

Hugo de GrootHugo de Groot [birth]Hugo de Groot [death]




language :size :



event name :

type :actor/role :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :

Hugo de Groot [birth] birthJan de Groot [father]Alida van Overschie [mother]1583Delft

event name :

type :actor/role :

date :location :

notes :

Hugo de Groot [death] death 1645Rostockdied after a shipwreck

locations Amsterdam Delft Leiden Paris Rostock …





language :size :



actor/role name :actor :

role :date :

Hugo de Groot [author]Hugo de Grootauthor1601-1645

referrers Adamus Exul [creation] De republicaemendanda [creation] Parallelon rerumpublicarum [creation] De Indis [creation] Christus patiens [creation] Mare Liberum [creation] De antiquitate reipublicae Batavicae [creation] Travel by box [creation] 1

√√√



"legacy systems" versus RDF

you need an RDF-like infrastructure to handlethis type of modelling

"classic" databases are reliable and fastbut they are not very flexible

"classic" indexers are reliable and fastbut they are not good in complicated queries

RDF structures are very flexiblethe RDF format is very useful for complicated queries

but RDF technology is not yet mature


reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool

Reusing web resources for subject annotationRijksmuseum annotation tool


Print Room online

registration and digitization project (3 years)30.000 objects a year

high quality enclosure, registration by specialistsbasic properties: e.g. object ID, storage location, Title,

creator and measurementsproperties for better accessibility:

high quality digital scans subject matter annotations



Subject annotation

1. focus on the main subject (due to required throughput rates)2. the cataloguers are instructed to only describe theWHO (depicted person/organization)WHAT (event name)WHERE (place)WHEN (date)3. to use the existing thesauri of the Rijksmuseum and the Iconclass

classification system



Several unsolved problems

Adding new terms is time consuming:one full month a year of adding thesaurus terms instead of catalogueing

objects

the external thesauri/classification systems not integrated in Adlib:e.g. IconClass, AAT

Generic terms are required for subject annotions, no integrated source

Maintaining a thesaurus iswork for specialisttime consuming

difficult to achieve and keep a high quality



http://e-culture.multimedian.nl/pk/annotate?uri=RP-P-OB-77.320



http://e-culture.multimedian.nl/pk/annotate?uri=RP-P-OB-77.320

Advantages

annotationlarger coverage

multiple perspectivesmaintenance by third party

searchmultilingual (IconClass, AAT, WordNet)

alternatives spelling (ULAN,TGN)synonyms (WordNet, AAT, TGN) nicknames (ULAN)

multiple perspectivesrelations between thesaurus terms



Requirements

standard representation (SKOS) enables integration

extensive configuration of search algorithm and interface design

collaboration between museum experts and developers



an interface to integrated collections | Sterna

An interface to integrated collectionsSterna Birdwatchers interface


http://science.naturalis.nl/collections/sterna-birdwatchers-portal

http://science.naturalis.nl/collections/sterna-birdwatchers-portal

organizational aspects | Rijksmuseum

Organizational aspectsRijksmuseum


Collaboration between Rijksmuseum and Multimedian



The Rijksmuseum

has opportunities for experimentationprovide innovations for digitization of cultural heritage

why the Print Room Online?

specific scope for subject matter annotationstrict guidelines and procedures

necessity for new datasources /thesauri



organizational aspects | Naturalis

Organizational aspectsNaturalis


organizational aspects | Naturalis

Organizational aspectsNaturalis


create a peer-to-peer network of content providers based on a common knowledge domain

bigger organisations have usually more facilities and/or resources and should support smaller partner institutions in the network

a suitable technical infrastructure is necessary to support the realization of such a network

the Sterna project is part of the iterative process of realizing this ambition

organizational aspects | Trezorix

Organizational aspectsTrezorix


organizational aspects | Trezorix

Organizational aspectsTrezorix


Trezorix works with clients who, as knowledge distributors and networking organizations, have a strong ambition of themselves to be

innovators

Trezorix works closely together with academic communities, exchanging all kinds of innovative ideas with extensive practical

experiences in building semantic networks

Our Conclusions


lessons learned

Our Conclusions

• implementation of semantic networks is an undertaking that takes a lot of effort and energy from cultural heritage institutions:

• the Institutions will have to deal with complex questions about content, organization and technical solutions

• there is a strong need for supporting servicesshould all other tools in the tool chain be adapted?

• it requires a dialogue and collaboration with other institutions and organizations about the organizational aspects


lessons learned

lessons learned

Lessons learned


lessons learned

Lessons learned

• there is a tendency for cultural heritage institutions to rely too much on the "beneficial" effects and possibilities of technology

• all parties have different goals, define these goals from the beginning

• create commitment in involving all kind of people (technical staff, curators, cataloguers, users of the database)

• make the collaboration official and make sure there’s time in your organization for innovative projects that won’t immediately result in

ready made products


Group discussion


lessons learned


lessons learned

Group discussion

Do you recognize the situations demonstrated in these three cases?

How is dealt with these situations in your institution? Do you think semantic technology can provide solutions for your

institution as well?

Do you think universities, cultural heritage institutions and developers should work more closely together in innovative projects and how should it be

organized?

information architecture

Hans Nederbragt [email protected] Heerlien [email protected] Hildebrand [email protected] Jacobs [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




Day 2, workshop 3

Education

Transcript of Day 2, workshop 3