DAY 14:ACCESS CHAPTER 1

Tazin AfrinTazin.Afrin@mail.wvu.eduOctober 03, 2013

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OBJECTIVE

• Access interface• Table view• Forms• Query• Report• Saving access file• Sort & Filter• Relational database

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DATABASE EXAMPLES

• Check your bank account• Search on google• Buy from ebay• Open mix account

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ACCESS INTERFACE

• Access Ribon– Contains the icons that enable you to

perform functions to maintain your database– Home– Create– External Data– Database Tools

• Navigation pane– The Navigation Pane organizes and lists the

database objects in an Access database.

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TABLE VIEWS

• Datasheet view– Where you add, edit, and delete the records

of a table.– Grid containing columns (fields) and rows

(records), similar to an Excel spreadsheet.• Design view

– Where you create tables, add and delete fields, and modify field properties.

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FORMS• A form is an object that enables you to enter,

modify, or delete table data.• Same manner that you would do in Datasheet

view.– Difference is it limit the user viewing only one data

at a time– Focus on data entered or modified.– Reliable for data update

• Create and edit form structure in Design view.

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QUERY

• A query is a question that you ask about the data in the tables of your database.– Display only records that meet a certain

criterion.– And fields that are required.

• Which products does Northwind purchase from Supplier A?– It will not provides records associated with

supplier B

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REPORTS

• A report contains professional-looking formatted information from underlying tables or queries.– Contains more professional look than query

and table.– Present database information using reports.

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SAVING ACCESS FILE

• Microsoft word, powerpoint, excel– Work primarily from memory– Your work is not automatically saved untill you

save them• Microsoft access

– Works from storage or hard drive– Enter and update data- automatically saved to

your hard-drive

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SAVING ACCESS FILE

• But required to save after making change in design like tables, forms, reports

• Can use undo to reverse the most recent change– Cannot use multiple undo steps

• Multiple users from different computer can work on same access database.– Can work on same table as long as not same

record

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COMPACT AND REPAIR• Compact and Repair reduces the size of the

database.• Database growth may increase storage

requirements and may also impact database performance

• Databases that are compacted regularly are less likely to become corrupt – resulting in loss of data.

• Database Tools->Tools->Compact and Repair Database

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COMPACT AND REPAIR

• Is a utility that access provides• Copy the database to a new file behind the

scene and while copying – – Delete temporary objects– Delete unclaimed spaces

• Results in a smaller database.• Also defragment a fragmented database file• After finished copying deletes original file and

save the new one as original.

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BACKUP

• Backup creates a duplicate copy of the database.

• Access makes backing up database files easy

• File->Save & Publish->Back Up Database

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FILTERS

• A Filter displays a subset of records based on specified criteria.

• Filter by Selection displays only the records that match the selected criteria.

• Filter by Form displays table records based on multiple criteria. Filter by Form enables the user to apply the logical operators AND and OR.

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FILTERS

• Select field you want to apply filtering• Home->Sort & Filter->Filter• Home->Sort & Filter->Selection• Home->Sort & Filter->Advanced Filter

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SORTING

• A sort lists records in a specific sequence– Ascending order – lowest to highest– Descending order – highest to lowest

• Select the field you want to sort• Home->Sort & Filter->ascending or

descending• Home->Sort & Filter -> Advanced

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SELECT ACCESS OR EXCEL

• Use access when you:– Require multiple related tables to store your data.– Have a large amount of data.– Need to connect to and retrieve data from external

databases, such as Microsoft SQL Server.– Need to group, sort, and total data based on

various parameters.– Have an application that requires multiple users to

connect to one data source at the– same time.

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SELECT ACCESS OR EXCEL

• Use excel when you:– Only need one worksheet to handle all of your

data.– Have mostly numeric data—for example, you

need to maintain an expense statement.– Require subtotals and totals in your worksheet.– Want to primarily run a series of “what if”

scenarios on your data.– Need to create complex charts and/or graphs.

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PRIMARY KEY

• A table typically has a column or combination of columns that contain values that uniquely identify each row in the table. This column, or columns, is called the primary key of the table.– A table can contain only one primary key

constraint.

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FOREIGN KEY• A foreign key is a column or combination of

columns that is used to establish and enforce a link between the data in two tables.

• It controls the data that can be stored in the another table.

• A link is created between two tables when the column that hold the primary key value for one table are referenced by the column in another table.

• This column becomes a foreign key in the second table.

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REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY• Make sure that relationships between records in

related tables are valid.• Ensures that you do not accidentally delete or

change related data.• You cannot enter a value in the foreign key field of

the related table that does not exist in the primary key of the primary table.– Cannot enter new account in the account table for a

customer who does not exists.– But can enter new account with NULL value in customer

ID

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RELATIONAL DATABASE

• Access is known as a relational database management system (RDBMS)

• Using an RDBMS, you can manage groups of data (tables) and then set rules (relationships) between tables.

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RELATIONSHIPS WINDOW

• Relationships in a database are represented by the lines between the tables

• Connect the primary key from one table to the foreign key of another.

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CREATE RELATIONSHIP

• Database Tools ->Relationships• Add the two tables that you want to join

together• Drag common field ->from the primary table

onto the related table• The data types of the common fields must be

the same.• Check the Enforce Referential Integrity check

box.

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NEXT CLASS

• Access chapter 2• Designing data• Creating tables• Understanding table relationship• Sharing data with excel• Establish table relationship

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