Darwin in 1840, after his return from the voyage Darwin’s Big Idea Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
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Transcript of Darwin in 1840, after his return from the voyage Darwin’s Big Idea Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Darwin in 1840, after his return from the voyage
Darwin’s Big IdeaCharles Darwin (1809-1882)
The Voyage of the Beagle
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 22.9
Brusselssprouts
Kale
Selection for leaves
Selection for axillary (side) buds
Selection for apical (tip) bud
Cabbage
Broccoli
KohlrabiWild mustard
Selection for stems
Selection for flowers and stems
"I am almost convinced (quite contrary to the opinion I started with) that species are not (it is like confessing to a murder) immutable."
Charles Darwin, in a letter to Joseph Hooker (January, 1844)
Figure 22.UN02
Observations
Individuals in a populationvary in their heritable
characteristics.
Organisms produce moreoffspring than the
environment can support.
Individuals that are well suitedto their environment tend to leave
more offspring than other individuals.
Inferences
and
Over time, favorable traitsaccumulate in the population.
Figure 22.2
1809
1798
1812
1795
1830
17901809 183136
1844
18591870
Lamarck publishes hishypothesis of evolution.
Malthus publishes“Essay on the Principle
of Population.”
Hutton proposeshis principle of
gradualism.
Charles Darwinis born.
Darwin travels around the world on HMS
Beagle.
The Galápagos Islands
Darwin writes his essay on descent with modification.
On the Origin of Species is published.
While studying species in the Malay Archipelago, Wallace (shown in 1848)sends Darwin his hypothesisof natural selection.
1858Cuvier publishes his extensive studies of vertebrate fossils.
Lyell publishesPrinciples of Geology.
Important Notes• Individuals do not evolve; populations evolve over time• Natural selection can only increase or decrease heritable
traits that vary within a population
• Natural selection does not create new traits, but edits or selects for traits already present in the population
• Adaptations vary with different environments• Local environments determine which traits will be selected
for or selected against in any specific population
• Evolution is supported by an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence
• New discoveries continue to fill the gaps identified by Darwin in The Origin of Species
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.