vi

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................ i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................... ii

SURAT PERNYATAAN....................................................................................... iii

PRAKATA ............................................................................................................. iv

DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ....................................................................................... ix

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR BAGAN ................................................................................................ xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ xii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ xiii

INTISARI ............................................................................................................. xiv

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................ 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................... 3

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 3

1.3.1. Tujuan Umum ................................................................................... 3

1.3.2. Tujuan Khusus .................................................................................. 3

1.4.1 Manfaat Teoritis ................................................................................ 3

1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis ................................................................................. 3

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 4

2.1. Anatomi ....................................................................................................... 4

2.1.1. Konka Nasi ........................................................................................ 4

2.1.2. Sinus Paranasal ................................................................................. 5

2.1.3. Sinus Maksila .................................................................................... 6

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2.1.4. Sinus Etmoid ..................................................................................... 6

2.1.5. Sinus Frontal ..................................................................................... 7

2.1.6. Sinus Sfenoid .................................................................................... 7

2.1.7. Kompleks Osteo-meatal .................................................................... 8

2.2. Rhinosinusitis .............................................................................................. 9

2.2.1. Definisi .............................................................................................. 9

2.2.2. Etiologi dan Faktor Predisposisi ....................................................... 9

2.2.3. Patogenesis ...................................................................................... 10

2.2.4. Penegakan Diagnosis ...................................................................... 11

2.2.5. Klasifikasi Rhinosinusitis ............................................................... 12

2.3. Rhinosinusitis Maksilaris .......................................................................... 14

2.3.1. Rhinosinusitis Maksilaris Akut ....................................................... 14

2.3.2. Rhinosinusitis Maksilaris Kronis .................................................... 14

2.4. Concha bullosa .......................................................................................... 15

2.4.1. Definisi ............................................................................................ 15

2.4.2. Patogenesis ...................................................................................... 15

2.4.3. Pemeriksaan Concha bullosa .......................................................... 16

2.5. Hubungan Concha bullosa dengan Rhinosinusitis Maksilaris .................. 17

2.6. Kerangka Teori .......................................................................................... 19

2.7. Kerangka Konsep ...................................................................................... 19

2.8. Hipotesis .................................................................................................... 19

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN........................................................................ 20

3.1. Jenis Penelitian dan Rancangan Penelitian ............................................... 20

3.2. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional ............................................................ 20

3.2.1. Variabel ........................................................................................... 20

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3.2.2. Definisi Operasional........................................................................ 20

3.3. Populasi dan Sampel ................................................................................. 21

3.3.1. Populasi ........................................................................................... 21

3.3.2. Sampel dan Besar Sampel ............................................................... 21

3.4. Instrumen Penelitian dan Bahan penelitian .............................................. 22

3.5. Cara Penelitian .......................................................................................... 22

3.5.1. Perencanaan..................................................................................... 22

3.5.2. Pelaksanaan Penelitian .................................................................... 22

3.5.3. Alur Penelitian ................................................................................ 23

3.6. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................................... 23

3.6.1. Tempat Penelitian............................................................................ 23

3.6.2. Waktu Penelitian ............................................................................. 23

3.7. Pengolahan dan Analisa Hasil ................................................................... 24

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................... 26

4.1. Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................................... 26

4.1.1 Gambaran kejadian Rhinosinusitis Maksilaris ................................ 26

4.1.2 Gambaran Concha bullosa .............................................................. 28

4.1.3 Faktor risiko Concha bullosa pada kejadian Rhinosinusitis

Maksilaris ........................................................................................ 28

4.2. Pembahasan ............................................................................................... 29

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 32

5.1. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................ 32

5.2. Saran .......................................................................................................... 32

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 33

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DAFTAR SINGKATAN

CB : Concha Bullosa

CT-Scan : Computed Tomography scan

KOM : Kompleks Ostiomeatal

ENT : Ear Nose Throat

EPOS : European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps

IK 95% : Interval Kepercayaan 95%

OR : Odds Ratio

SPN : Sinus Paranasal

THT-KL : Telinga Hidung Tenggorok – Kepala Leher

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.8. 1 Uji Odds Ratio .................................................................................. 24

Tabel 4.1. 1 Gambaran distribusi karakteristik pasien ......................................... 26

Tabel 4.1. 2 Distribusi kejadian rhinosinusitis maksilaris .................................... 27

Tabel 4.1. 3 Distribusi kejadian Concha bullosa ................................................. 28

Tabel 4.1. 4 Faktor risiko Concha bullosa pada kejadian Rhinosinusitis

Maksilaris ......................................................................................... 28

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DAFTAR BAGAN

Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Teori .................................................................................... 19

Bagan 2.2 Kerangka Konsep ................................................................................ 19

xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Dinding lateral cavum nasi, sisi kiri……………………………….4

Gambar 2.2 Letak sinus paranasalis…………………………………………….5

Gambar 2.3 Perubahan mukosa sinus maksilaris pada pemeriksaan CT-Scan

SPN potongan coronal……………………………………………12

Gambar 2.4 Concha bullosa pada pemeriksaan CT-Scan SPN potongan

Coronal…………………………………………………………...17

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Data Penelitian ................................................................................ 37

Lampiran 2. Dokumentasi CT-Scan Sinus Paranasal .......................................... 39

Lampiran 3. Hasil Analisis Deskriptif SPSS ....................................................... 42

Lampiran 4. Hasil Analisis Odds Ratio (OR) SPSS ............................................ 46

Lampiran 5. Ethical Clearance Penelitian ........................................................... 48

Lampiran 6. Surat Keterangan melakukan Penelitian ......................................... 49

Lampiran 7. Surat Selesai Penelitian ................................................................... 50