D R U G S T U D Y Ampicillin

7/28/2019 D R U G S T U D Y Ampicillin

1/5

D R U G S T U D Y

DRUG CLASSIFICA

TION

THERAPEUTIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION

& CAUTION

ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY

ampicillin

(am pi sill' in)

ampicillinsodium

Drug classes

AntibioticPenicillin

Dosages

Maximumrecommended

dosage: 8mg/day; may be

given IV, IM, orPO. Use

parenteral routes

for severeinfections, and

switch to oralroute as soon as

possible.

ADULTS ANDPEDIATRIC

PATIENTS

Respiratoryand soft-tissue

infections:> 40 kg: 250

500 mg IV or IM

Antibiotic

PenicillinBactericidal action

against sensitive

organisms; inhibitssynthesis of bacterial

cell wall, causing cell

death.

Treatment of infections

caused by susceptiblestrains of Shigella,

Salmonella, E. coli, H.influenzae, P. mirabilis,

N. gonorrhoeae,enterococci, gram-

positive organisms(penicillin Gsensitive

staphylococci,streptococci,

pneumococci) Meningitis caused by

Neisseria meningitidis Unlabeled use:

Prophylaxis in cesareansection in certain high-

risk patients

Contraindicated

with allergies topenicillins,

cephalosporins, orother allergens.

Use cautiously withrenal disorders.

CNS: Lethargy,

hallucinations,seizures

CV: CHF GI: Glossitis,

stomatitis, gastritis,sore mouth, furry

tongue, black "hairy"tongue, nausea,

vomiting, diarrhea,abdominal pain,

bloody diarrhea,enterocolitis,

pseudomembranouscolitis, nonspecific

hepatitis GU: Nephritis

Hematologic:Anemia,

thrombocytopenia,

leukopenia,neutropenia,

prolonged bleedingtime

Hypersensitivity:Rash, fever, wheezing,

anaphylaxis Local: Pain,

phlebitis, thrombosisat injection site(parenteral)

Other:

Culture infected area before

treatment; reculture area if respois not as expected.

Check IV site carefully for sigof thrombosis or drug reaction.

Do not give IM injections in tsame site; atrophy can occur.

Monitor injection sites. Administer oral drug on an em

stomach, 1 hr before or 2 hr aftemeals with a full glass of water;

not give with fruit juice or softdrinks.


2/5

q 6 hr.

< 40 kg: 2550mg/kg/day IM or

IV in equallydivided doses at

68 hr intervals.> 20 kg: 250 mg

PO q 6 hr.< 20 kg: 50

mg/kg/day PO inequally divided

doses q 68 hr. GI and GU

infections,including women

with N.gonorrhoeae:

> 40 kg: 500 mgIM or IV q 6 hr.

< 40 kg: 50100mg/kg/day IM or

IV in equallydivided doses q

68 hr.> 20 kg: 500 mg

PO q 6 hr.< 20 kg: 100

mg/kg/day PO inequally divided

doses q 68 hr.

Gonococcalinfections: 500

mg q 6 hr forpenicillin-

sensitiveorganism or for

patients > 45 kg,single dose of

Superinfectionsoral

and rectal moniliasis,vaginitis


3/5


4/5

upper respiratory

procedures: 2 gampicillin IM or

IV within 30minutes of

procedure. STDs in

pregnant womenand patients

allergic totetracycline: 3.5

g ampicillin POwith 1 g

probenecid.

Prophylaxis incesarean section:

Single IV or IMdose of 25100

mg/kgimmediately

after cord isclamped.

PEDIATRICPATIENTS

Preventionof bacterial

endocarditis forGI or GU

surgery orinstrumentation:

50 mg/kgampicillin IM or

IV with 1.5mg/kg

gentamicin IM orIV within 30

minutes ofprocedure. Six


5/5

hours later give

25mg/kgampicillin

IM or IV or 25mg/kg

amoxicillin PO. Prevention

of bacterialendocarditis for

dental, oral, orupper respiratory

procedures: 50mg/kg ampicillin

IM or IV within30 minutes of

procedure.

D R U G S T U D Y Ampicillin

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