Cziszter, L.T., Acatin căi , S., Stanciu, G., Tripon, I., G ăvojdian, D., Erina S., Baul, S.

Preliminary results on Preliminary results on evaluation the calves welfare evaluation the calves welfare in raising and fattening farms in raising and fattening farms

from Banat region in from Banat region in RomaniaRomania

Cziszter, L.T., AcatinCziszter, L.T., Acatincăicăi, S., Stanciu, , S., Stanciu, G., Tripon, I., GG., Tripon, I., Găvojdian, D., Erina S., ăvojdian, D., Erina S.,

Baul, S.Baul, S.Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies Timişoara, USAMVBT, Romania

300645 Timişoara, Calea Aradului 119, [email protected]

1st WELANIMAL Conferen1st WELANIMAL Conferencece

XXXII. Óvári Tudományos Nap XXXII. Óvári Tudományos Nap 2008. október 9.2008. október 9.

AimAim

Calf welfare assessment based on Calf welfare assessment based on questionnairequestionnaire



Materials and MethodsMaterials and Methods

Calf welfare questionnaire based Calf welfare questionnaire based onon– Council Directive 91/629/EECCouncil Directive 91/629/EEC– Welfare Animal Act, 2001Welfare Animal Act, 2001– Romanian legislationRomanian legislation

ANSVSA Order No. 72/2005 ANSVSA Order No. 72/2005 – calves protection– calves protection

ANSVSA Order No. 75/2005ANSVSA Order No. 75/2005 – – farm animal protection rulesfarm animal protection rules

SDT, Timişoara, Romania



Materials and Methods Materials and Methods cont.cont.

Questionnaire with 76 linesQuestionnaire with 76 lines– 44 44 minimum minimum standardsstandards– 32 32 supplementary supplementary requirementsrequirements

Answers YES/NO + remarksAnswers YES/NO + remarks Farms:Farms:

– Two rearing and fattening farmsTwo rearing and fattening farms– One cow-calf operationOne cow-calf operation– One dairy farmOne dairy farm

Evaluation: March, 2008Evaluation: March, 2008



Minimum StandardsMinimum Standards

Neither farm was keeping calves in Neither farm was keeping calves in individual pens after 8 wks of ageindividual pens after 8 wks of age– One fattening farm was using only group pensOne fattening farm was using only group pens

Individual pens complied with Individual pens complied with requirements regarding the width, length requirements regarding the width, length and perforated wallsand perforated walls

Appropriate pen dimensions in all farmsAppropriate pen dimensions in all farms– 1.8 m1.8 m22/hd up to 150 kg /hd up to 150 kg BWBW– 2 m2 m22/hd for 150-220 kg /hd for 150-220 kg BWBW– 2.2 m2.2 m22/hd over 220 kg /hd over 220 kg BWBW

Minnesota, USA




Denmark



Minimum StandardsMinimum Standards Materials used for buildings, pens and Materials used for buildings, pens and

equipment:equipment:– Not harmful for calvesNot harmful for calves– Allow mechanical and chemical cleaningAllow mechanical and chemical cleaning

Electrical circuits and equipmentElectrical circuits and equipment– Built to prevent electrical shockBuilt to prevent electrical shock

Automatic or mechanical equipmentAutomatic or mechanical equipment– Inspection:Inspection:

1x/day in one farm1x/day in one farm 2x/day in 2 farms2x/day in 2 farms 1 farm has a qualified employee1 farm has a qualified employee

– Procedures to fix troubleshoots in all farmsProcedures to fix troubleshoots in all farms

Vladimirescu, Arad, Romania

Minnesota, USA




Ventilation systemVentilation system– Worked properly in all farmsWorked properly in all farms– Only one fattening farm hasOnly one fattening farm has

a heating devicea heating device– No alarming systemNo alarming system

LightingLighting– Calves were not kept permanently in Calves were not kept permanently in

darknessdarkness– Artificial lighting system in all farmsArtificial lighting system in all farms– Allowed calves inspection in any momentAllowed calves inspection in any moment

Minnesota, USA



Minnesota, USA




Calves inspectionCalves inspection– Twice a day inside the barnTwice a day inside the barn– Once a day outside the barnOnce a day outside the barn– Sick/injured calves isolatedSick/injured calves isolated

Housing system allowed Housing system allowed calvescalves– Lie downLie down– Stand upStand up– RestRest– GroomGroom

Iratoş, Arad, Romania

Mureşul, Arad, Romania




Cleaning and disinfectionCleaning and disinfection– In 3 farmsIn 3 farms

Buildings, pens, equipment and utensils properlyBuildings, pens, equipment and utensils properly Manure, urine and unconsumed feedstuff evacuated dailyManure, urine and unconsumed feedstuff evacuated daily Floor plain and not slipperyFloor plain and not slippery Bedded properlyBedded properly

– In one fattening farmIn one fattening farm Last disinfection 2005Last disinfection 2005 Wet straw beddingWet straw bedding Not clean surfacesNot clean surfaces Manure evacuated twice a weekManure evacuated twice a week

Mureşul, Arad, Romania

SDT, Timişoara, Romania



Minnesota, USA




Tying calves:Tying calves:– Not permanently tetheredNot permanently tethered– Dairy farm calves tied during milk Dairy farm calves tied during milk

feedingfeeding Measures to avoid strangulationMeasures to avoid strangulation

– No muzzles for calvesNo muzzles for calvesMinnesota, USA

Vladimirescu, Arad, Romania




Iron supplyIron supply– Alfalfa hay, except 1 fattening Alfalfa hay, except 1 fattening

farm – poor hayfarm – poor hay ColostrumColostrum

– First 6 hrs of lifeFirst 6 hrs of life– 1 fattening farm is collecting 1 fattening farm is collecting

animal after the colostral animal after the colostral periodperiod

Milk feedingMilk feeding– At least twice dailyAt least twice daily– Cow-calf operation – Cow-calf operation – ad ad

libitumlibitum access to mother’s access to mother’s udderudder

FeedingFeeding– Simultaneous access to feed Simultaneous access to feed

and clean fresh waterand clean fresh water– Limited feed and water Limited feed and water

contaminationcontamination

Igriş, Timiş, Romania



Supplementary Supplementary requirementsrequirements

PersonnelPersonnel– Trained at least verballyTrained at least verbally– List of duties in 3 farmsList of duties in 3 farms

DocumentsDocuments– Properly storedProperly stored– Maintained for at least 3 yearsMaintained for at least 3 years– Records on treatments and dead Records on treatments and dead

animalsanimals

Minnesota, USA



Supplementary Supplementary requirementsrequirements

Temperature 12-20Temperature 12-20°C°C Relative humidity 65-80%Relative humidity 65-80% Luminosity 40-80 luxLuminosity 40-80 lux Air drafts and gases not Air drafts and gases not

measuredmeasured

Minnesota, USAMinnesota, USA

Minnesota, USA

Minnesota, USA



ConclusionConclusion Basic requirements for keeping animals, Basic requirements for keeping animals,

pen dimensions, resting area, facilities and pen dimensions, resting area, facilities and equipment maintenance, tethering equipment maintenance, tethering restrictions, provision of colostrum, milk, restrictions, provision of colostrum, milk, and water, as well as inspection were well and water, as well as inspection were well complied with regulationscomplied with regulations

Provision of clean, dry bedding and access Provision of clean, dry bedding and access to good quality feed were not well complied to good quality feed were not well complied withwith

Farms provided good rearing conditions for Farms provided good rearing conditions for calves, except one fattening farm where the calves, except one fattening farm where the barn and pen cleanness was ibarn and pen cleanness was immproperproper



Thank you

Mulţumesc Köszönöm Szépen Teşekkür Ederim Ευχαριστώ Благодаря Ти Ďakujem Vám

Cziszter, L.T., Acatin căi , S., Stanciu, G., Tripon, I., G ăvojdian, D., Erina S., Baul, S.

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