Cutting Edge Issues in Family Planning

ANE and E&E SOTA

October 11, 2002

Trends in Fertility in Asia/Near East

0

2

4

6

8

1950-1955

1955-1960

1960-1965

1965-1970

1970-1975

1975-1980

1980-1985

1985-1990

1990-1995

1995-2000

Tot

al F

erti

lity

Rat

e

High Fertility

Medium Fertility

Near Replacement Fertility

Source: PHNI Project. Reproductive Health Expenditures Database. August 2002

Fertility in Specific Countries

Total Fertility Rates:Comparison over time, DHS Surveys from the 1990s

3.0

3.93.4

4.8

3.9

4.6

2.9

3.63.3

4.1

2.8

3.53.3

Indonesia Egypt Bangladesh Nepal India (UP)

tota

l fe

rtili

ty r

ate

s

Survey 1

Survey 2

Survey 3

’91 ’94 ’97 ’92 ’95 ’00 ’94 ’97 ’00 ’96 ’01 ’03 ‘99

Where Are We Going?Projected increases in numbers of contraceptive users within Asia (excluding China)

Mil

lion

s of

Use

rs

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2000 2015 2025

Increasing Population in ANE Mega-Cities

0

5

10

15

20

25

1975 2000 2015

Pop

ulat

ion

(Mil

lion

s)

Mumbai Calcutta Dhaka DelhiJakarta Karachi Metro Manila

Source: UN Population Division. 2001. World Urbanization Prospects: the 2001 Revision. New York: UN.

CPR by Wealth Quintile

46

3039

13

5761

4955

42

24

Indonesia1997

Egypt 1995 Bangladesh1999-2000

Nepal 2001 India 1998-99 (UP only)

per

cent

age

%

poorest

wealthiest

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

perc

enta

ge %

Bangladesh Egypt Indonesia India (UP) Nepal Ukraine Russia

Unmet Need for Contraception

Methods of Contraception

Indonesia

IUD14%

Pill27%

Traditional5%

Other10%

Sterilization6%

Injection37%

Condom1%

Egypt

IUD63%

Other1%

Traditional4%

Pill17%

Condom2%

Sterilization2%

Injection11%

Bangladesh

Pill44%

IUD2%

Injection13%

Condom8%

Sterilization13%

Other1%

Traditional19%

India (UP)

Sterilization56%

Other0%

Condom15%

Traditional21%

Pill4% IUD

4%

Methods of Contraception

Methods of Contraception

Ukraine

IUD28%

Injection0%

Condom20%

Sterilization2%

Other1%

Traditional45%

Pill4%

Russia

IUD50%

Other17%

Traditional27%

Pill6%

Key Issues - Family Planning and Health Sector Reform

51 countries engaged in Health Sector Reform or some elements of Health Sector Transition

42 countries have Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers/Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers, 17 more are in process

20 countries have Sector Wide Approaches or are planning to have a SWAp.

Key Issues – FP in Conflict/ post-Conflict Settings

Highest risk of conflict - Afghanistan - Cambodia - Pakistan - Democratic Republic of Congo - Angola - Ethiopia - Nigeria - Uganda - Tanzania

Highest FP need - Nigeria - Pakistan - Ethiopia - Democratic Republic of Congo - India - Uganda - Yemen - Tanzania - Afghanistan