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Transcript of “Current situation in Argentina related to management of Radioactive Waste and future plans for...
“Current situation in Argentina related to management of Radioactive Waste and future plans for disposal”
Daniela E. Alvarez Ph D.Department of Scientific and Technical Support,
Division of Radiological Safety Assessments,Nuclear Regulatory Authority
IAEA, 09-13 September 2013
Nuclear Sector in Argentina related to RW & SF management
Argentine Government
Nuclear Regulatory Authority(ARN) Ministry of Federal Planning,
Public Invest & Services
Secretary of Energy
National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA)
Nucleoeléctrica Argentina S.A. (NA-SA)
SF / RW Management NPP´s Operator
- National Law Nº 24804 (1997)
to regulate the Nuclear Activity
CNEASF and RW management responsibility + Research & Development + National Government advisor
ARN to regulate and supervise the nuclear activity (radiological and nuclear safety, physical protection and safeguards)
- National Law Nº 25018 (1998)
to determine the Radioactive Waste Management Regime Propose National Radioactive Waste Management Program –PNGRR- and CNEA as the responsible for the compliance with a specific Strategic Plan for RW Management. - Nacional Law Nº 25279 (2001)
Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management
Legal Framework
ATUCHA IIPHWR 745 MWe
Start up 2014
ATUCHA IPHWR 357MWe
In Operation Since 1973
CAREM NPP 25 MWe
New CNEA Design Protoype
EMBALSEPHWR - 648 MWe
Operating Since 1984
4TH NPPApproved by
Law
Supplier & Site to be defined
Atucha Site
NPP
Nuclear activities
•Research Reactors•Fuel Cycle facilities•Other Nuclear Installations•Industrial & Medical Radioisotopes•Educational Institutions
Ezeiza Atomic Center
Bariloche Atomic Center
Constituyentes Atomic Center
Atomic Centres
Nuclear activities
- Argentine experience in Research Reactors: local and abroad
- Radioisotopes Production: Co60 (Industrial Use) Mo99
I131
others
-Mining Sites: one in standby (Sierra Pintada) one in exploration stage (Cerro Solo) eight under remediation
Nuclear activities
OPAL-Australia
- The National State is the owner of the radioactive fissile material contained in
Spent Fuel from any origin
- According to the Strategic Plan, decision on Reprocessing of SF is expected to
be taken before 2030 --- underground geological laboratory started
- Deep geological repository must be operative by the year 2060
- Meanwhile, NPP Operators are responsible for the SF Storage on Site until its
transfer to CNEA
Spent Fuel management policies
- National State, through PNGRR, is Responsible for Safety Waste Management arising from nuclear energy applications, including waste from decommissioning of related facilities
- Ensure safe management in order to protect the rights of present and future generations and the environment
- Strategic Plan will by authorized, periodically reviewed and audited by Congress
- Establish of a proper procedure to obtain and to manage the necessary financial resources
- Establish the Waste Acceptance Criteria based on future repositories
- Records Keeping of the inventories of radioactive waste and relevant
documentation
- Development of a Public Communication and Information Program
Radioactive Waste management policies
Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant: decayand storage in water pools until the end of its operational life. Transference to interim dry storage is under development
Embalse Nuclear Power Plant: six years decaying period in water pools and subsequentinterim dry storage in concrete silos
Spent Fuel management practices (NPP)
Radioactive Waste Classification
Argentina has adopted the classification of radioactive waste recommended by the Agency (General Safety Guide – GSG-1)
Low Level Disposable Waste
NEAR SURFACE DISPOSAL
- Solid waste, compacted in drums- Non compactable waste, conditioned in
cement matrices- Low level liquid waste, concentrated and
immobilized with cement in drums- Short Lived disused sealed sources,
conditioned- Structural waste conditioned in cement
matrix
According to waste categories
SYSTEM FOR DISPOSAL OF STRUCTURAL RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND SEALED SOURCES
Radioactive Waste management practices
Low Level Disposable Waste
(+ ILW)
INTERIM STORAGE
- Compacted Solid Waste and cemented liquid
aqueous Waste
- Non Compactable Waste, spent resins and filters
- Disused sealed sources
- Structural materials
- Organic liquid Wastes
INTERIM STORAGE OF SOURCES AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE
According to waste categories
Radioactive Waste management practices
Intermediate level disposable waste
INTERIM STORAGE
-Reactor internals from CNA I generated by maintenance
-Alpha emitters contaminated waste
-Long lived disused sealed sources
-PT / CT / CTI (CNE refurbishment)
According to waste categories
Radioactive Waste management practices
Low Level Solid Radioactive Waste Treatment Facilities (**) Deposit for Interim Storage of Radioactive Sources and Waste Handling Yard and Storage of Items
Long Term Storage Deposit
System for Final Disposal of Structural Solid Radioactive Waste and Sealed Sources (*)
Semi Containment System for Solid Radioactive Waste - trenches (*)Semi Containment System for Very Low Level Liquid Radioactive Waste and Very Short Periods - trenches (*)
(*)These facilities have finished their operation stage.(**)This facility is in a state of partial dismantling in order to expand its operations.
EZEIZA RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AREA - AGE
Semi Containment System for Solid Radioactive Waste
Existing facilities - Radioactive Waste management
Facility for Immobilization by Cementation of Liquid Radioactive Waste and Non-compactable and Structural Solid Radioactive Waste Treatment & Conditioning of Solid Radioactive Waste System Storage Facilities for Solid Radioactive WasteStorage System for Mechanical Filters from the Reactors Primary Circuit Storage System for Spent Ionic Exchange Resin Beds Discharge System for Gaseous and Liquid Radioactive Waste
ATUCHA I NPP
New mechanical filters storage
Existing facilities - Radioactive Waste management
System for the Treatment & Conditioning of Solid Radioactive WasteStorage Facilities for Solid Radioactive Waste Spent Resin Storage Tanks Liquid Radioactive Waste Treatment SystemGaseous Radioactive Waste Treatment System----------------------------------------------- Underground silos for filters and contaminated structurals
EMBALSE NPP
Mechanical filters, activated and contaminated structurals storage
Existing facilities - Radioactive Waste management
Argentina has decided to build a near-surface monolithic repository with engineered barriers for low and some intermediate level radioactive waste
The construction of final disposal systems near surface is foreseen, similar to those in operation in L’Aube (France) and El Cabril (Spain). This type of repository is based on the use of multiple and redundant barriers, completing the model with the application of approximately 300 years of institutional post-closure control. Waste will be immobilized in cement matrices and packed in 200 L drums and/or in special concrete containers
At present, selection and characterization activities of an adequate site to locate the centralized repository are being carried out, which should be operational by the year 2023, in agreement with the schedule proposed in the draft of the last version of the Strategic Plan, prepared this year
Plans
In the same site, a new low level radioactive waste final disposal (near-surface system) will be built, which should be operational by 2020 and which will replace the present systems located at AGE. It is also projected to dispose there the very low level RW, mainly originated from the dismantling of nuclear facilities
With respect to High Level and/or Long Lived Waste generated in the final stage of the nuclear fuel cycle, spent fuel is temporarily stored until a decision is adopted on its reprocessing or final disposal
The PEGRR foresees to perform studies for sitting, construction and operation of a Deep Geological Repository. The deadline to adopt a decision on the possible reprocessing or final disposal of the SF is 2030
Some duly treated and conditioned Low and Intermediate Level of Long Lived Radioactive Waste will also be disposed of in the deep geological repository
Plans
According to PEGRR, the need to count with this type of repository is foreseen by 2060. Thus, the activities performed with reference to this topic have been included in the Research and Development activities of the PNGRR
Since studies conducive to determine the candidate sites continue, they imply a regional public acceptance, CNEA develops a plan on public communication of national scope as a stage prior to the formal acceptance of municipalities and provinces where new facilities could be located
In order to select communication strategies, CNEA counted with IAEA assistance and other organizations in order to gain experiences of the field at an international level on the basis of a communication plan to a middle and long term
Plans
To continue with the development of activities of mathematical modeling of water flow in sedimentary and granitic matrix , taking into account different types of rock, which may be involved in a future repository
Type of Liability
Long Term Management Policy
Funding of LiabilitiesCurrent Practice/
FacilitiesPlanned Facilities
Spent Fuel
Reprocessing decision TBD
Final disposal
Facility Operator CNA I: NPP Wet Storage CNE: NPP 6 y Wet Stor. CNE: NPP Dry Storage RRII: Wet Storage
(DCMFEI)
CNA I: Dry Storage RRII: Wet Storage
(FACIRI)
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Waste
Disposal Facility Operator LLW: Storage + Disposal
LLW: Management Facility
ILW: Storage
LLW (+ILW):(2023) Centralized
Repository ILW & HLW: Deep
Geolog. Reposit. (feasibility)(2030/60)
LLW: Manag. Facil.
Non Power Wastes
Disposal Waste Generator LLW: Storage + Disposal
ILW: Storage
LLW: Centralized Repository
LLW: Mangement Facility (PTAMB)
Decommissioning Liabilities
Decommissining Plan
(regulatory requirement)
NPP, RRII and other State owner Facilities: National State
Facility operator, private owner.
None Facility in closure process
LLW: Centralized Repository
VLLW: Centralized Repository
Disused Sealed
Sources
Reuse Disposal
Source User Reencapsulation: Sealed Sources Plant
Storage + Disposal (short lived)
Storage (long lived)
LLW: Centralized Repository
ILW & HLW: Deep Geolog. Repository
National Programme
THANK YOU VERY MUCH THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATENTION!!!FOR YOUR ATENTION!!!
IAEA, 09-13 September 2013
Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear
Av. del Libertador 8250 (C1429BNP) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, ARGENTINATel.: (+54) (011) 4125-8436Fax: (+54) (011) 4125-8460
http:// www.arn.gob.arE-Mail: [email protected]