Current Energy Sources

By Julian Contreras, Julio Contreras, Kevin Pascua, and Ilian Meza

Instructor: Kenny

Coal

•The average efficiency of all coal power stations in the world currently stand at around 31%

•3,700,000 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced a year , the primary human cause of global warming--as much carbon dioxide as cutting down 161 million trees.•Anthracite Coal emits 1595 lbs. CO2/ton

•Coal is estimated to last for at least the next 119 years

Coal is a readily combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock normally occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds

•fossil fuel that is created similarly to oil and coil by being the remains of microorganisms million of years ago• consist of mainly methane but also includes ethane, propane, butane and pentane•is colorless, shapeless and odorless•Collected by drilling holes in the earth’s surface

Natural Gas

Engines-Uses combustion energy to convert gasoline into movement.-Currently the easiest way to convert gasoline -Ignites gasoline in pressurized area to create explosion to cause movement -Diesel engines do not use sparks, just pressure to cause explosion

www.dlist-benguela.org

Petroleum

• Petroleum (crude oil) is a natural occurring , toxic , flammable liquid

• Found under the Earth’s surface• Used as gasoline, kerosene, asphalt, and

chemical reagents to make plastic and pharmaceuticals

www.eia.org

Combustion Energy

• Energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen

• Chemical reaction is typically a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water, and heat

• Mostly used for vehicles with engines

www.ncpa.org

What is Uranium??Uranium is a heavy, silvery-white metal which is pyrophoric (Spontaneously igniting in air.) when finely divided.

http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/92.html http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pyrophoric

It is a little softer than steel, and is attacked by cold water in a finely divided state. It is malleable, ductile, and slightly paramagneticVery

radioactive

Nuclear Energy

• How it works:

http://www.oncor.com/images/knowledgecollege/h20.jpg

Comparing Energy SourcesEnergy Source

N (efficiency)

Energy Density( MJ /kg ) or ( MJ/ m3)

Cost(US$ / kWh )

Pollution Percent generated in US

Coal 31% 24 0.055 High 44.9%

Combustion 15% 45 0.116 High 1%

Natural Gas 25.3% 33.4 – 82.7 0.045 Low 23.4%

Uranium (Nuclear)

33-35% 5.7x105182 2555 None 20.3%

www.nuclear.gov/pdfFiles/NuclearEnergy_Roadmap_Final.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_efficiency

Future Presentation

• Solar energy• Hydroelectric energy• Geothermal energy• Wind energy