cstb IT IN CONSTRUCT ON VF 101209 · context franceurbanizationfranceurbanization french urban...
Transcript of cstb IT IN CONSTRUCT ON VF 101209 · context franceurbanizationfranceurbanization french urban...
INFORMATION�TECHNOLOGIES
IN�CONSTRUCTION�SECTORH CHARRUEHerve CHARRUE
Research Director
with special thanks to CSTB Departments
12/2010 JAPAN| DIRECTION DE LA RECHERCHE PAGE 1
p pTIDS – DAE - ESE – DSSF -DESH
IT�IN�CONSTRUCTION�SECTOR
� CONTEXT
� COMPLEXITY
C O S� MAIN�EXPECTATIONS
� IT�APPLICATIONS
� CSTB��STRATEGY
� MODELING�&�SIMULATION�
� NEXT STEPS� NEXT�STEPS
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CONTEXTPOPULATIONPOPULATION
WORLD�WIDE��POPULATION�
6,9 MDSAGEING
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CONTEXTURBANIZATIONURBANIZATION
total population of the cities higher than 2 millions inhabitants
WORLDWIDEWORLD�WIDE�URBANIZATION�RATE�
population density(Inhab /sq km)
% cities > 2 millions inhab
+ 30% POPULATION WWLIVE IN CITY > 1Mio InH
total population of the cities higher than 2 millions inhabitants
(Inhab /sq km) vs total populationLIVE IN CITY 1Mio InH
(millions)
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TH. BRINKHOFF PRINCIPAL AGGLOMARATIONS OF THE WORLD TOTAL POPULATON STATISTICS
CONTEXTFrance URBANIZATIONFrance�URBANIZATION�
FRENCH URBAN POPULATION TREND 1846 - 1999
MILLIONS INHABITANTS193641,5 Mio InH.
%
80
100
TOTAL
URBAN RURAL
60200965 Mio InH.
URBANIZATION
RATE %
RURAL
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CONTEXTRAPID GROWTHRAPID�GROWTH
SPEED OF GROWTH SHENZENSUSTAINABLE CITY CHALLENGES
Shenzen1996
Shenzen1988
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CONTEXTCITY & DENSITYCITY�&�DENSITY
URBAN DENSITYBUILT ENVIRONMENT
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CONTEXT�CITY & DENSITYCITY�&�DENSITY
URBAN MOBILITYMOBILITY
QUALITYOF LIFE
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CONTEXT�CITY & DENSITYCITY�&�DENSITY
NORTH AMERICAN CITIES
URBAN DENSITY vs LINK BUILDING + TRANSPORT
NORTH AMERICAN CITIES
b/ha
)
MPT
ION
(GJ/
hc)
AUSTRALIAN CITIES
DEN
SITY
(inh
ab
FUEL
CO
MSU
M
EUROPEAN CITIES
ASEAN CITIES UR
BA
ND
AN
NU
AL
F
URBAN DENSITY (inhab/ha) CARS / 1000 inhabitant
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D’après Julien Allaire, Mutation urbaine chinoise et dépendance énergétiqueNewman & Kenworthy, 1989
CONTEXTCITY & DENSITYCITY�&�DENSITY
URBAN ENVIRONMENT vs ENERGY & POLLUTION
FRANCE TRANSPORT + BUILDING ~ 50% GHG EMISSIONS
TRANSPORT
CITYFRANCE� TRANSPORT�+�BUILDING�~�50%�GHG�EMISSIONS�
ENERGY
TRANSPORT26%INDUSTRY
20%BUILDING AGRICULTUREENERGY
PRODUCTIONTRANSFORMATION
13%
BUILDING19% 19%
WASTE trt3%
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CONTEXTCITIES & CITIZENCITIES�&�CITIZEN
RISKS�&�THREATS
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COMPLEXITY�CITIZEN ASPIRATIONSCITIZEN�ASPIRATIONS
Quality of life in EU cities & buildingsINHABITANTS EXPECTATIONS Quality�of�life�in�EU�cities�&�buildings
Comfort,�health,�safety,�security,��
Differentiation,�Living�/�working�CITIZEN
IN EUROPEAN CITIES
conditions,�energies�uses,�no�pollution,�
Environmental�friendly,�social�equity
Acceptable�financial�cost�&�taxes
Kyoto�protocol�
POLITICIANS
y p
Sustainable�development policies
Alternative�Energies�(EnR,�FC…)POLITICIANS
Attractive�Countries,�Regions &�Cities
Sustainable�employment�in EU
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R&D�3%,�GDP�investment,�Taxes
COMPLEXITY�CITIZEN & SUSTAINABLE CITYCITIZEN�&�SUSTAINABLE�CITY
VALUEBUILT
ENVIRONMENT
HOME
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FACTORHDF
RESSOURCES WASTEHOMERESSOURCESAIR
WATERSOIL
FOOD
WASTEAIR
WATERSOIL
WORK ACTIVITIESMOBILITYFOOD
ENERGYGOODS
MATERIALS
FOODENERGYGOODS
MATERIALS
ECONOMIC VALUEGDP(PIB)
VALUEPAGE 13
(PIB)
COMPLEXITY�SUSTAINABLE CITY & CHANGE SPEEDSUSTAINABLE�CITY�&�CHANGE�SPEED�
SPEED OF GROWTH EUROPEAN CITIES
CITYCONTRIBUTION�to�
« FACTEUR��4 »��GHGas TRANSPORT�&�INFRASTRUCTURE
COMPLEXITY
BUILDING
1,5�%��NEW
BUILDING
TIME98,5�%�RENOVATION
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2 – 5 YRS 10 – 15 YRS 20 - 30 YRS
COMPLEXITY�CITIZEN to USERCITIZEN�to�USER
CITIZENETHICS
POLITICSCULTURE
USER ECOMNOMICAL
VALEURPOLITICS
USER�CONSUMER
ECOMNOMICALPLAYER
€ ECONOMY
INDIVIDUAL COMMUNITY
€ ECONOMY
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ACTION
COMPLEXITYCONSTRUCTION « SIMPLIFIED » VALUE CHAINCONSTRUCTION�« SIMPLIFIED »�VALUE�CHAIN
GLASS
WOODBIO MATERIALS
MATERIAL
STEEL
ALUMINUM
MINING/EXTRACTIVEINDUSTRY
EQUIPMENTSSUPPLIERS
CONSTRUCTION USE &MAINTENANCE
RENOVATION
MATERIALSUPPLIERSCEMENT
GOVERNMENT
DESIGN
CONTRACTORS
CONSTRUCTION USE &MAINTENANCE
DEMOLITION
OWNERTENANT
ARCHITECTSENGINEERSDESIGNERS DEMOLITION COMPANIES
DEVELOPERS
SERVICE INDUSTRY
DESIGN
FINANCINGINSTITUTIONS
DESIGNERS
RECYCLING & MATERIALRE-USE COMPANIESINSURANCE COMPANIES
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WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANIES
COMPLEXITY�MULTI SCALE & SYSTEMIC APPROACHMULTI�SCALE��&�SYSTEMIC�APPROACH
CLIMATE TERRITORIES10 4
10 5
BUILDING
CDISTRICT
CITY10 3
10 4
TRAFFICHYDROLOGYGRASS & TREES BUILDING
NETWORKS 10 2
10GRASS & TREES
EMISSIONS EQUIPMENTS
BUILDING 10
1
CITYCOMPONANTS
MATERIALS10 2
10 -1
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Components of Urban Morphology studied by the Lab.GIS Layers Image Copyright © ESRI. All rights reserved.Used by permission. www.esri.com
10 -2
10 -10
COMPLEXITY�PHENOMENON & SCALES ISSUESPHENOMENON�&�SCALES�ISSUES��
SOLLICITATIONS MULTI SCALE IMPACTS
WIND
SOLLICITATIONS MULTI SCALE IMPACTSPUBLICPOLICIES
WATER
SUNCITY
METANATURALSIMULATION
TEMPERATURE
SEISMSYSTEMS
MESO
MACROFIRE
BLAST
COMPONENTS
MACRO
MICRO
ANTHROPICANALYSIS
POLLUTIONMATERIAL
MICRO
NANO
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NANO
ECONOMY & HUMAN SCIENCES HUMAN BEHAVIOR
MAIN�EXPECTATIONSROLE & MISSION CSTBROLE�&�MISSION�CSTB�
TO�SUCCEED�IN�
� QUALITY�&�SAFETY�OF�SUSTAINABLE�CONSTRUCTION��vs�PUBLIC�POLICIES
SECURITYENERGY�ENVIRONMENTHEALTHSOCIAL�– ECONOMYNUMERICAL�INTEGRATION
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MAIN�EXPECTATIONS�ROLE & MISSION CSTBROLE�&�MISSION�CSTB�
TO�SUCCEED�IN
� ACTORS�OF�CONSTRUCTION�CHAIN�SUPPORT
EXPERTISE & TECHNICAL SUPPORTEXPERTISE�&�TECHNICAL�SUPPORTREGULATIONS�IMPLEMENTATIONTECHNICAL & GLOBAL DATATECHNICAL�&��GLOBAL�DATASIMULATION�&�MANAGEMENT�TOOLS
IT�SOLUTIONS�FROM�SCIENCE�TO�SOFT�&�DATA�MANAGEMENT
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IT�APPLICATIONSMAIN EXPECTATIONSMAIN�EXPECTATIONS
PHENOMENON&�SYSTEMS
� DESCRIPTIONR&D
� MEASURMENTS� MODELING
ENGINEERING
� SIMULATION� TRAINING MANAGEMENT
EVALUATION
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IT�APPLICATIONSMAINS DOMAINS &SCALESMAINS�DOMAINS�&SCALES�
ECONOMY�& SOCIAL10 4
10 5
LIFE�SCIENCES
PHYSICS�SCIENCES &�SOCIAL�
SCIENCES10 3
10 4 SCIENCESSCIENCES
10 2
1010
1
10 2
10 -1
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10 -2
10 -10
CSTB�STATEGYMULTI SCALE & SYSTEMIC SUPPORTMULTI�SCALE��&�SYSTEMIC�SUPPORT
� DEVELOPMENT &�DEPLOYMENT
TO�SUPPORT�SUSTAINABLE�CONSTRUCTION
� Urban�Information�Models (City�GML)�� Construction�Information�Models (BIM�/�IFC)
COUPLED�WITH�SIMULATION�CAPABILITIES�
MODELING& SIMULATION&�SIMULATION+�visualisation+�inter�operation
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONPROCESS SCHEMEPROCESS��SCHEME
THEORETICAL APPROACH
NUMERICAL SIMULATION HYBRIDATION ITNUMERICAL SIMULATION
EXPERIMENTATION
HYBRIDATION IT
VIRTUAL REALITYDESIGN
MEASURMENTS - ON SITE EXPERTISE TOOLS
RISK ASSESSMENT - MANAGEMENT REGULATION
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONFROM NANO TO APPLICATIONFROM�NANO�TO�APPLICATION�
CONCRETE : POROUS, HIGHLY HETEROGENEOUS, INCLUDIND RESIDUAL WATER. INFLUENCE OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON GLOBAL BEHAVIOUR UNDER MECHANICAL & THERMAL SOLICITATIONS DUE TOMECHANICAL & THERMAL SOLICITATIONS DUE TO WATER CONTENT
IMPACT ON TYPE OF DAMAGE UNDER FIRE CONDITIONS
� adsorbed water� inter layer waterSereda et al
(SPLITTING, FLAKING) PARTICULARLY FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
Sereda et al.1968
NANO
CONCRETE
Pores (10nm – 100μm)Sand (0,5mm – 2,5mm)Aggregate (3mm – 25mm)
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MICROSTRUUCTURE
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONFROM NANO TO APPLICATION CONCRETEFROM�NANO�TO�APPLICATION�� CONCRETE�
SIMULATION MODEL CONCRETEd�
dd�
VARIABLES
Liquid phaseiTEMPERATURE – MOISTURE
MECHANIC i
idm�
dPi= [P]Water vaporDry air
i
HIGH TEMPERATURE EFFECT
GAZ PRESSURE (AIR, VAPOUR)
dS dT
PARAMETERS( , )
LIQUIDE & CAPILLARY PRESSURE
THERMO MECHANICAL DAMAGE
MECHANIC THERMIC
K G C
PARAMETERS
THERMO – MECHANICAL DAMAGE
DAMAGE IMPACT ON PERMEABILITY
WATER
K0 , G C
�i
mb i
�
WATERN ij
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONFROM NANO TO APPLICATION CONCRETE
NUMERICAL CONCRETE
FROM�NANO�TO�APPLICATION�� CONCRETE��
NUMERICAL CONCRETEMULTI PHASE CONCRETE WITH RANDOM DISTRIBUTION OF AGGREGATES AND PORESTAKING INTO ACCOUNT REAL GRANULOMETRY OF STUDIED CONCRETE
AGGREGATE
MESH
FEM
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONFROM NANO TO APPLICATION ANCHORFROM�NANO�TO�APPLICATION�� ANCHOR�
The failure occurs by a local concrete damage in front ofThe failure occurs by a local concrete damage in front ofthe anchor followed by a steel failure
80
100
120
20
40
60
Load displacement curves: shear failure
05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Load displacement curve : alternate shear simulation
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Load displacement curves: shear failureexperimental and simulation results.
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONFROM NANO TO APPLICATION BRIDGEFROM�NANO�TO�APPLICATION��� BRIDGE�
FLUID DYNAMIC MODEL
+ AERODYNAMIC CONDITIONS
BASED ON METEOROLOGICAL MODEL
Simplified 2D model
Fluid mesh 30 knods
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONCITY SCALE TRAFIC
TRAFFIC MODEL INTEGRATION WITHIN AN URBAN
CITY�SCALE�� TRAFIC
TRAFFIC MODEL INTEGRATION WITHIN AN URBANINFORMATION MODEL (COLLABORATION WITH INRETS)
TWO MODELING LEVELS� Macroscopic model at the city level : impact of (re)development actions on traffic� Microscopic model : each vehicle interacts with surrounding vehicles
Macroscopic Level Microscopic Level
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONCITY SCALE NOISECITY�SCALE�� NOISE�
NOISE�EXPOSITION�&�TRAFFIC
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONDYNAMIC�SIMLATION�
ON�CONSTRUCTION�SITE
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONCITY SCALE AIR & POLLUTIONCITY�SCALE�AIR�&�POLLUTION�
AIR�POLLUTION�TAKING�INTO�ACCOUNT�TRAFFIC��&�METEOROLOGY
Air qualityNoise simulations
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONCITY & BUILDING SCALE LIGHTCITY�&�BUILDING�SCALE�– LIGHT
URBAN�LIGHTING
13 h
SUN EXPOSITIONSUN�EXPOSITION
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONCITY SCALE LIGHT & ELECTROMAGNETICCITY�SCALE�– LIGHT�&�ELECTROMAGNETIC
ANTENNA�TILT
EXPOSITION��TO�ANTENNA
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONHIGH PERFORMANCE PHOTO MODELLINGHIGH��PERFORMANCE�PHOTO�MODELLING
CREATION OF 3D HIGH DEFINITION MODELS USING SIMPLE PHOTOS� AUTOMATIC PROCESS INDEPENDENT FROM EXPOSITION & ZOOM� AUTOMATIC PROCESS INDEPENDENT FROM EXPOSITION & ZOOM� HIGH PERFORMANCE ALGORITHMIC few hours of computing time
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LABO COMMUN ENPC CSTB
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONURBAN APPLICATIONURBAN�APPLICATION
CAGNES�SUR�MER�235 IMAGES235�IMAGES
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� ABILITY TO DESCRIBE FROM A PHYSICAL STAND POINT FROM LARGE TO NARROW SCALE AT CITY LEVEL AS A LIMIT CONDITION OF THE BUILDING
� NECESSITY TO DESCRIBE BUILDING AT THE � NECESSITY TO DESCRIBE BUILDING AT THE COMPONANT SCALE IN ORDER TO PRECISELY SIMULATE HOW IT WORKSSIMULATE HOW IT WORKS
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MODELING�&�SIMULATION
BUILDING INFORMATIONMODELBUILDING�INFORMATION�MODEL
Cost
BUILDING�INFORMATION�MODELING�ROCESS�OF�GENERATING�AND�MANAGING�BUILDING�DATA�DURING�LIFE�CYCLE
AnalysisProduct data
BIM IS�A�SINGLE�INTEGRATED�MODEL�REPRESENTATION�FROM�WHICH�ALL�DRAWINGS & REPORTS ARE GENERATED
Database Sensors
DRAWINGS�&�REPORTS�ARE�GENERATED�WHICH�ARE�CONSISTENT
BIM COVERS GEOMETRY SPATIALBIM�COVERS�GEOMETRY,�SPATIAL�RELATIONSHIPS,�GEOGRAPHIC�INFORMATION,�QUANTITIES�AND�PROPERTIES�OF�BUILDING�COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONEXISTING CSTB SOFTWARE
ClimaWin : ENERGY
EXISTING��CSTB�SOFTWARE
ElodieENVIRONMENT
AcoubatACOUSTICS
O ti i
ACOUSTICSBIM-IFC
Optimigreenhouseeffect
BatimaxMeasurement,estimation, planning, description yarddescription, yard management
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONACTUAL BIM LIMITATIONSACTUAL�BIM�LIMITATIONS
� BIM MODELS GENERALLY MADE OF GENERICMATERIALS COMPONENTS SYSTEMSMATERIALS – COMPONENTS - SYSTEMS
� DO NOT CONTAIN REAL AND PRECISE DESCRIPTION OFINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS USED IN THE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
PROBLEM FOR MODEL PRECISION AND COMPLETION
PROBLEM FOR SIMULATION ACCURACY BY THE MODEL
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONACTUAL BIM LIMITATIONSACTUAL�BIM�LIMITATIONS
SIMULATION�
=
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REALITY
MODELING�&�SIMULATIONCOLLABORATION CSTB / SAINT GOBAINCOLLABORATION�CSTB�/�SAINT�GOBAIN
� OBJECTIVE: TO DESCRIBE A SYSTEM IN BIM, BASED ON IFC STANDARD, � DESCRIPTION SHOULD EXPRESS CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES OF SYSTEMS� GEOMETRY AND POSITION OF THE PRODUCTS ARE CONSTRAINED BY THEGEOMETRY AND POSITION OF THE PRODUCTS ARE CONSTRAINED BY THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH PROJECT� PRODUCTS CHOSEN ACCORDING TO REGULATION CONSTRAINTS &
PERFORMANCES THE DESIGNER WANTS TO ACHIEVEPERFORMANCES THE DESIGNER WANTS TO ACHIEVE.
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONARCHITECTURE OF IFC CONFIGURATORARCHITECTURE�OF�IFC�CONFIGURATOR
C l f I d i l
Simple BIM
Catalogue from Industrials
ProductsProductsProductsArticles
ArticlesArticles D i
Regulation DB (/country)
DocsmultimediaDocs
multimediaDocslti di
IFCArticles . Designer
Interface(/country)= rules and
performances to achieve
multimedia
XML XML
Systems EnrichedIFC
1. Industrial building BIM-IFCmodel
developmentworkshop To simulation & calculation tools (thermal,
acoustics, environmental impact, financial, …) Page 44
IFC
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MODELING�&�SIMULATIONFULL CHAIN
CONFIGURATOR IS BASED ON CSTB’S IFC VIEWER
FULL�CHAIN
� CONFIGURATOR IS BASED ON CSTB’S IFC VIEWER
(EVEBIM)(EVEBIM)
Thermal simulations Environmental impact Costs and descriptions
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NEXT�STEPSKEY ISSUESKEY�ISSUES
HAVING THE ABILITY TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS SOLUTIONS UNDER VARIOUS LIMIT CONDITIONS AND PRECISIONUNDER VARIOUS LIMIT CONDITIONS AND PRECISION
� INTEGRATE USAGE & USER COPORTMENTUSER ACCEPTABILITY SOCIAL & ECONOMY� USER ACCEPTABILITY - SOCIAL & ECONOMY
� OBSERVATION OF REALITY & DATA MANAGEMENT
TOWARDS A MAJOR CHANGE IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR AND ALL ITS ACTORS TROUGH IT SOLUTIONSFORSECTOR AND ALL ITS ACTORS TROUGH IT SOLUTIONSFORCONCEPTION – ENGINEERING - TRAINING - MANAGEMENT
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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