Governance: Experiences and Challenges

Presented by: Ms. Rithiny Teng, REDD+ Policy Monitoring Project Coordinator The NGO Forum on Cambodia

CSOs Engagement in Cambodia REDD+ Readiness Process and Implementation

Green Inclusive Growth Conference South East Asia Siem Reap Province, 25-26 March 2014

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Contents

Introduction to REDD+REDD+ at Global Level and Phases of REDD+Cambodia REDD+ ProgramWhy Engagement?CSOs Engagement in Cambodia REDD+ Roadmap developmentCSOs Participation in REDD+ Readiness implementationStakeholders Engagement and Representation

Introduction to REDD+

REDD: Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation in developing countries Plus (+) includes activities that contribute to removal of emissions through conservation of forest carbon stocks sustainable management of forests enhancement of forest carbon stocks

Introduction to REDD+ (cont)

Why REDD+? REDD+ has potential to do a lot of good Provides economic incentives for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (Considered one of the most cost-effective options to mitigate climate change) Improve land use planning, better forest management, more efficient use of forest resources. Food security Co-benefit (socio-economic benefits/livelihoods improvement, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem service)

REDD+ at the Global Level

Reducing emissions from deforestation (RED) became an agenda item at COP 11 (2005) through submission by the Governments of Papua New Guinea and Costa RicaDuring COP 13 (Bali Action Plan, 2007), Parties agreed to consider the inclusion of a REDD mechanism in the post-Kyoto agreementDuring climate talks in Ghana (2008) the term REDD+ was coined to emphasize the conservation, sustainable management of forests and the enhancement of carbon stocks

Phase 1: REDD+ Readiness (development of national strategies and design of action plans)Phase 2: Implementation of REDD+ strategy (policies, measures and action plans)Phase 3: MRV (measuring/ monitoring, reporting, and verification)

Phases of REDD+

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Where is Cambodia now?In the Readiness Phase

Phases of REDD+

REDD-Plus Roadmap Implementation to develop National REDD-Plus Strategy (2012-2014)

REDD-Plus Implementation (2015-

REDD-Plus Roadmap Development (2009-2011)

Cambodia REDD+ Program

The country began implementing REDD pilot projects in 2008 (Oddor Mean Chey 2009 and Seima) Member of UN-REDD and Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) in 2009.In 2010, the country developed and submitted its Readiness Preparation Proposal (R-PP) to UN-REDD and FPCF of World Bank to implement the R-PP.REDD+ Readiness implementation started in 2011 by funding support from UN-REDD and FCPF in 2014.

CAMBODIA REDD+ TASKFORCE Chair: FA Deputy Chair: GDANCP- FA, GDANCP, MLMUPC, FiA, MEF, MoI, MRD, MIME

UN-REDD PROGRAMME EXECUTIVE BOARD(= Key Taskforce members + REDD+ Advisory Group)- Chair: Chair of REDD+ Taskforce- Co-Chair: UN Resident Coordinator, or designate- NPD (FA) and Deputy NPD (GDANCP), FiA FAO, UNDP, UNEP, Civil Society and Indigenous People Donor representative(s) (invited to join)

TASKFORCE SECRETARIAT(= UN REDD Programme Management Unit)- Chief: FA Vice-Chief: GDANCP Government Representatives (FA, GDANCP, FiA)- Other supporting staff

NATIONAL PROGRAMME DIRECTOR (FA)DEPUTY NPD (GDANCP)

MRV/REL Technical Team FA, GDANCP, MLMUPC, FiA

Benefit-sharing Technical Team FA, GDANCP, MEF, FiA,

Consultation and Safeguards Technical Team FA, GDANCP, MRD

REDD+ Demonstration Technical Team FA, GDANCP, FiA,

Cambodia REDD+ structure arrangement

REDD+ CONSULTATION GROUPINGOs, National NGOs, CSOs, Academic, Private Sectors, IPs, CF, CFi, and CPA

UN-REDD Programme Executive Board: CSO & IPs representative seats. The objective of this group is to provide guidance to, and oversight of, the UN-REDD programme in Cambodia, in its effort to support effective and efficient development of measures to engage with a future mechanism on REDD+. Review and approve the workplan.REDD+ Consultation Group: Providing comments to the REDD+ TaskforceCollecting, summarising and collating comments on, draft reports and proposed decisions of the REDD+ Taskforce from their respective constituencies. The Taskforce is required to send these documents to the Consultation Group and to respond to any comments raised on timely basis. Representatives must share this information with their constituentsContributing to draft reports and other communications of the REDD+ TaskforceMeeting monthly or bi-monthly dependent on need with representatives of the REDD+ Taskforce (REDD+ Taskforce Secretariat) to discuss the REDD+ Readiness process, or more often if required. These meetings will be minutedSharing information on developments relating to REDD+ within their constituencies with the REDD+ Taskforce, REDD+ Taskforce Secretariat and other members of the consultation groupProviding written comments or requests to the REDD+ Taskforce on issues of concern on behalf of their constituencyProviding specific comment on key issues such as consultation and participation or social and environmental safeguardsCoordinating with and providing information to their respective constituencies. This might require regular meetings of each groupProviding representatives to the Consultation and Safeguards Technical Team, which will support the consultation and awareness-raising activities under the National REDD+ Readiness process

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Why Engagement?

CSOs Engagement

Projects & Other

Benefit Sharing & Safeguards

Finance & Accountability

Relationship, Process & Management Arrangement

Green Inclusive Growth

CSO Engagement in REDD+ Roadmap development

IP/CSO participated in consultation of REDD+ roadmap development since 2010 up to early 2011.The consultation was focus on two main parts of REDD+ roadmap:Structure arrangement (CSOs requested to have their representatives in each group)Consultation process (CSOs requested to have awareness raising on REDD+ with materials in Khmer and request to included FPIC principle.A group of CSOs Participated meeting with Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) team to present on CSOs concerns over Cambodia Readiness-Proposal Preparation (R-PP) in Dalat, Vietnam, in March 2011.The Facility Management Team (FMT) of FCPF endorsed the 5 key issues raised by CSOs/NGOs which need to address by the Cambodian state.

We, NGOs and CSOs in Cambodia submit the following concerns and recommendations on RPP:1. Provide a clear and robust legal framework of for community tenurial and resource use rights. Such legal framework will need to resolve conflict and overlaps across tenurial and resource use instruments, and include mechanisms for communities to seek redress in cases of conflict.2. Identify explicitly that economic land concessions, mining concessions, Special EconomicDevelopment Zones and largescale hydroelectricity dams are direct drivers of deforestation andforest degradation in Cambodia.3.We call on the cancellation of ELCs, especially immediately those that are impinging on existingcommunity / protected areas. The protection of natural forests and natural resources is paramount toREDD+ and fundamental to achieving environmental sustainability.4. Consultation and participation: the TOR for Consultation Group must be constituted/included in theREDD management and consultation arrangement.Explain what mechanisms or resources are in place for training and educating indigenous groups,local villagers, and local and provincial officials on REDD.5. Provide clear and strong provisions that will safeguard forest communities from being displaced orevicted from the forest land. These safeguards from eviction and displacement would redound alsoto safeguarding community rights to food, water and livelihood, provided for by their land and forest,and the various environmental services afforded from these.

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CSOs Participating in REDD+ Roadmap implementation

The NGOFs activities:CSOs (CDA, NTFP-EP, EWMI, NGOF, CPN, CIYA, IRAM and other NGOs based in provincial level) joined with groups to conduct REDD+ awareness raising at provincial and regional levels in 11 provinces in Cambodia since 2010 : Oddar Meanchey, Preah Vihear, Kampong Thom, Streng Teng, Mondul Kiri, Rotanakiri, Pursat, Khos Kong, Battambong, Kamong Speu and Kraite.

CSOs participating in REDD+ Roadmap implementation (Cont)

Under the REDD+ Policy Monitoring Project, NGOF is facilitating CSO REDD+ Network for sharing the information, knowledge and build capacity of network members.The CSO-REDD+ consist of 26 members from national, international NGOs, academia, IPs, CBO who work related to REDD+ such as natural resource management, climate change, biodiversity.The objective of the CSO-REDD+ is participate in the implementation of REDD+ roadmap for development of National REDD+ Strategy and promote the implementation of REDD+ with transparency and good governance.Activities of CSO-REDD+ (awareness raising, capacity building to network members and policies consultation)

CSOs participating in REDD+ Roadmap implementation (Cont)

Awareness Raising:Information sharing related to REDD+ activities in Cambodia and in other countries from newspapers, radio, websiteetcOrganize radio and TV program.Information share via social media, facebook.

CSOs participating in REDD+ Roadmap implementation (Cont)

Capacity building to members:CSO REDD+ Network capacity building to engage in REDD+ on social and environmental safeguards.ASEAN Social Forestry Network Forum and Conference. The ASFN forum was conducted to strengthening ASEAN civil society engagement on social forestry and climate change.

CSOs participating in REDD+ Roadmap implementation (Cont)

Policy Consultation:Facilitate network members to provide recommendation on related policies, law and regulations such as NSDP, EIAetc.Meeting and consultating with members to identify the main issues and how to address the issue from local to internation levels related to forestry and social inclusion.

Stakeholders Engagement and Representation

CSO and IPs have been selected as representatives in UN-REDD Program Executive Board (PEB) to provide guidance to, and oversight of, the UN-REDD programme in Cambodia. The different stakeholders (NGOs, Academia, Communities, IPs, Private Sector) have been selected to be members of REDD+ Consolation Group to provide comments to REDD+ Task Force.CSOs are members of REDD+ Technical Team (to ensure top quality technical inputs to policy development)

CAMBODIA REDD+ TASKFORCE Chair: FA Deputy Chair: GDANCP- FA, GDANCP, MLMUPC, FiA, MEF, MoI, MRD, MIME

UN-REDD PROGRAMME EXECUTIVE BOARD(= Key Taskforce members + REDD+ Advisory Group)- Chair: Chair of REDD+ Taskforce- Co-Chair: UN Resident Coordinator, or designate- NPD (FA) and Deputy NPD (GDANCP), FiA FAO, UNDP, UNEP, Civil Society and Indigenous People Donor representative(s) (invited to join)

TASKFORCE SECRETARIAT(= UN REDD Programme Management Unit)- Chief: FA Vice-Chief: GDANCP Government Representatives (FA, GDANCP, FiA)- Other supporting staff

NATIONAL PROGRAMME DIRECTOR (FA)DEPUTY NPD (GDANCP)

REDD+ CONSULTATION GROUPNGOsAcademiaIPsCommunitiesPrivate Sector

MRV/REL Technical Team FA, GDANCP, MLMUPC, FiA

Benefit-sharing Technical Team FA, GDANCP, MEF, FiA,

Consultation and Safeguards Technical Team FA, GDANCP, MRD

REDD+ Demonstration Technical Team FA, GDANCP, FiA,

Stakeholders Engagement and Representation

UN-REDD Programme Executive Board: CSO & IPs representative seats. The objective of this group is to provide guidance to, and oversight of, the UN-REDD programme in Cambodia, in its effort to support effective and efficient development of measures to engage with a future mechanism on REDD+. Review and approve the workplan.REDD+ Consultation Group: Providing comments to the REDD+ TaskforceCollecting, summarising and collating comments on, draft reports and proposed decisions of the REDD+ Taskforce from their respective constituencies. The Taskforce is required to send these documents to the Consultation Group and to respond to any comments raised on timely basis. Representatives must share this information with their constituentsContributing to draft reports and other communications of the REDD+ TaskforceMeeting monthly or bi-monthly dependent on need with representatives of the REDD+ Taskforce (REDD+ Taskforce Secretariat) to discuss the REDD+ Readiness process, or more often if required. These meetings will be minutedSharing information on developments relating to REDD+ within their constituencies with the REDD+ Taskforce, REDD+ Taskforce Secretariat and other members of the consultation groupProviding written comments or requests to the REDD+ Taskforce on issues of concern on behalf of their constituencyProviding specific comment on key issues such as consultation and participation or social and environmental safeguardsCoordinating with and providing information to their respective constituencies. This might require regular meetings of each groupProviding representatives to the Consultation and Safeguards Technical Team, which will support the consultation and awareness-raising activities under the National REDD+ Readiness process

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Thank You for Your Attention