CPR

What does CPR stand for?

• Cardio = Heart

• Pulmonary = Lungs

• Resuscitation = to restart or revive

How does CPR work?

• CPR keeps a person’s brain and heart supplied with blood

and oxygen until medical help arrives

Why take CPR?

• IS anyone certified in CPR?

• For your own knowledge and benefit

• Knowledge is Power!

• To help family members at risk of heart disease

• For employment reasons

• What other types of occupations require CPR training?

• Interested in health care

CPR Facts

• 70% of sudden cardiac arrests are at home• Cardiac Arrest – when heart stops beating which means it is no

longer pumping blood to the rest of the body

• Most people will perform CPR on someone they know

• Victims will not get up and walk away after CPR – THEY NEED MEDICAL CARE! • Why?

• Lifestyle changes can decrease CVD• CVD – Cardiovascular Disease

• Examples?

• Heart Disease and Stroke are leading causes of death in Canada!• Stroke – when an artery gets clogged therefore blood and oxygen

cannot get to the brain

Risk Factors you

CAN change!

• Smoking

• High Blood Pressure

• Lack of Exercise

• Stress

• Obesity & Eating Habits

Risk Factors you CAN’T

change!

• Genetics

• Heredity

• Age

• Gender

• Race

The Chain of Survival

The Circulatory System

• All cells in our body need oxygen

• The heart pumps oxygen from the

lungs to the cells in the body

The Heart

Structure

• It is a muscular pump; about the size of your fist

• It is in the center of chest protected by your rib cage

• It is two sided and has

4 chambers

The Heart Function

• The right side receives blood from the body (oxygen

poor) and pumps it to the lungs to pick up more oxygen

• The left side of your heart gets oxygenated blood and

pumps it to the rest of your body

• HEART – LUNGS – HEART – BODY

• Your heart beats 60 – 100 times/ minute

• Blood Pressure is how much pressure the blood puts on

the walls of the arteries

Blood Flow Diagram

Blood Circulation

Diagram

• Blue Blood is in the veins – they

are oxygen deprived and they are

the vessels that take blood back to

the heart

• Red Blood is in the arteries,

capillaries, etc. because they are

oxygen enriched

Purpose of Lungs?

• To take in oxygen

• To filter waste from the body and environment

• Example: carbon dioxide

• To separate oxygen from the other components of air

Warning Signs of a Heart

Attack

The 5 P’s

1. Pain

2. Puffing

3. Pale

4. Pooped

5. Puking

Warning Signs of a Stroke

Must act FAST:

F – Face – Does it look uneven?

A – Arm – One arm hanging down?

S – Speech – Slurred speech?

T – Time – Call 911!

Helping a Potential Victim

• Survey the scene

• No fire, no wire, no gas, no glass, no thugs, no drugs

• Determine unresponsiveness

• Call EMS

What will EMS ask?

CALL 911

• Location

• Telephone Number

• What you think happened

• Person’s approx. age

• Person conscious or unconscious

• Person breathing or not

• DO NOT HANG UP UNTIL HELP ARRIVES

Perform CPR

ABCD’s

• A – Airway – Check if something is blocking and get it

out

• B – Breathing – Mouth to Mouth

• C – Circulation – Start Chest Compressions

• D – Defibrillation – When help arrives

Deliberator – a small computerized device which delivers a

special shock to the heart, which tries to kick start the heart

CPR Diagram

Process of CPR

If someone collapses:

1. Check for hazards

2. Assess Responsiveness

3. Call 911

4. Check for Breathing (10 seconds)a) Look – chest for movement

b) Listen – sounds of breathing

c) Feel – exhaled breath on your cheek

5. Give 2 breaths

6. Landmark for chest compressions

7. Give 30 compressions and 2 breaths

When can you

stop CPR?

• When the person has visible signs of circulation or has

resumed breathing on their own

• EMS arrives

• Another trained rescuer can take over

• Unsafe environment for rescuer

Youtube video - CPR

Process for Choking

• If someone is choking

1. Assess the airway blockage

2. Call 911

3. Give abdominal thrusts

4. Repeat abdominal thrusts in rapid sequence

5. * If unconscious start CPR

6. * Not choking any longer. Place in Recovery Position

Abdominal Thrusts

1. Stand behind the person and wrap arms around their

waist

2. Make a fist with one hand

3. Find their belly button and move hand one fist above it

4. Place other hand on top of fist

5. Press inward and upward simultaneously with a sudden

thrust

Abdominal Thrusts Diagram