Courtesy Leonid Yurganov Satellite-and surface-based anomalies of CH4 in ppb (left scale) and in Tg...
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Transcript of Courtesy Leonid Yurganov Satellite-and surface-based anomalies of CH4 in ppb (left scale) and in Tg...
![Page 1: Courtesy Leonid Yurganov Satellite-and surface-based anomalies of CH4 in ppb (left scale) and in Tg of CH4 (right scale) for troposphere of each.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697c01e1a28abf838cd1582/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
12.2 4.010 yr
1000 km3 25985
m3
sec
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The density of ice is ice 916.7kg
m3
Mass loss Mloss Vloss ice 23820tonne
sec
The latent heat of fusion of ice is LHT 334kJ
kg
Power LHT Mloss 7956 GW
2011 World nuclear capacity is 366 GW
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Courtesy Leonid YurganovCourtesy Leonid Yurganov
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Courtesy Leonid YurganovCourtesy Leonid Yurganov
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Satellite-and surface-based anomalies of CH4 in ppb (left scale) and in Tg of CH4 (right scale) for troposphere of each hemisphere. Global burden anomaly is the sum of Northern and
Southern anomalies. Mean CH4 VMR increases in the NH with the rate 8.76 ppb/yr.
Courtesy Ed Dlugokencky (NOAA), Christian Frankenberg (JPL), Remco Scheepmaker (SRON)
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Geo-engineering ?
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© John MacNeill
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Rasch Latham Chen 2009Environmental Research LettersDoi:101088/1748-9326/4/4045112
2 x CO2 and best 40% of sea areas seeded
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2 x CO2 and best 70% of sea areas seeded
Rasch Latham Chen 2009Environmental Research LettersDoi:101088/1748-9326/4/4045112
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Best 70% 2x CO2
Best 40% 2x CO2
Rasch Latham Chen 2009Environmental Research Letters
Doi:101088/1748-9326/4/4045112
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Annual change of incident short wave radiation due to 5 megatonne/year stratospheric SO2 as predicted by the Hadley Centre HadGEM2-AO model.Jones, Haywood, Boucher, Kravitz, Robock. Atmo. Chem. Phys. July 2010
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Direct methane capture from the
sea bed ?
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Problems so far
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow rates
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high rates
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deployment
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructions
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currents
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currentsEquipment sinking into very soft ooze
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currentsEquipment sinking into very soft oozeHydrogen sulphide toxicity
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currentsEquipment sinking into very soft oozeHydrogen sulphide toxicityUnacceptable biological consequences
![Page 25: Courtesy Leonid Yurganov Satellite-and surface-based anomalies of CH4 in ppb (left scale) and in Tg of CH4 (right scale) for troposphere of each.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697c01e1a28abf838cd1582/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currentsEquipment sinking into very soft oozeHydrogen sulphide toxicityUnacceptable biological consequencesThe need to recover everything
![Page 26: Courtesy Leonid Yurganov Satellite-and surface-based anomalies of CH4 in ppb (left scale) and in Tg of CH4 (right scale) for troposphere of each.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697c01e1a28abf838cd1582/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currentsEquipment sinking into very soft oozeHydrogen sulphide toxicityUnacceptable biological consequencesThe need to recover everythingPressure ridges
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Problems so farMethane release at very low flow ratesRelease at very high ratesRough seas during deploymentThe presence of obstructionsFast currentsEquipment sinking into very soft oozeHydrogen sulphide toxicityUnacceptable biological consequencesThe need to recover everythingPressure ridges ? ? ? ? ?
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Plate flatness controlThermal expansion 17 ppm/K
Plate thickness 15 mm
Delta T 1K
Panel size 100 mm
Curvature 440 metre
11 micron deflection per K
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Stena Apache
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Scanmudring
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What next ?
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What next ?
Identify show stoppers
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What next ?
Identify show stoppers
Information on release areas, rates
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What next ?
Identify show stoppers
Information on release areas, rates
Slopes and obstructions
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What next ?
Identify show stoppers
Information on release areas, rates
Slopes and obstructions
Are biological side effects acceptable?
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What next ?
Identify show stoppers
Information on release areas, rates
Slopes and obstructions
Are biological side effects acceptable?
Extruder technology, plastic type
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What next ?
Identify show stoppers
Information on release areas, rates
Slopes and obstructions
Are biological side effects acceptable?
Extruder technology, plastic type
Ground pull vehicle
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995 1000 1005 1010 1015 1020 1025 103010
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
3030
10
Tseai
Tseai
1028995 fre i salt i
Tsea
Density of fresh water and 3.5% salinity sea water against temperature
From http://www.csgnetwork.com/h2odenscalc.html
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In June 2009 Real Madrid paid £80 million for Cristiano Ronaldo.
The Royal Society estimate for a fleet of spray vessels to offset 1 watt/m2 is £125 million. Ships last about 25 years.
Does anyone know the cost of Kyoto, Copenhagen, Cancun, Durban . . . . . .