Constitutional D evelopment in E ngland
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Constitutional Development in England
VocabularyParliamentMagna Carta
VocabularyOliver CromwellEnglish Civil War
VocabularyRestorationGlorious Revolution
VocabularyBill of Rightsconstitutional monarchy
Democracy in England
VocabularyWilliam and MaryHabeas corpus
ENGLAND:Evolution of Constitutional Monarchy
King John – Magna Carta (1215)
1625-1689:Charles I – beheaded for absolute ruleCromwell – civil war for absolute power Charles II – Restoration; habeas corpusJames II – Catholic; fled after 3 yrs.Wm & Mary – Bill of Rights (1689)
»»» Constitutional Monarchy basis of American system (w/o monarch)
King JohnConniving, egocentric,
untrustworthyAbused power
◦Imprisoned enemies◦Imposed heavy taxes◦Held (& killed) children of lords
King John
Hated by barons→rebellionUnder pressure, signed the Magna
Carta,1215Died in 1216
◦Law upheld
King Charles IDismissed Parliament several
timesResulted in English Civil War
◦Led by Oliver CromwellCaptured, imprisoned, beheaded
Oliver CromwellLed the Roundheads against king
◦English Civil War, 16421649, abolished monarchyBecame military dictator
◦Imposed Puritan moralityRuled until death, 1658
“Merry” King Charles II“Restoration” of monarch to
power, 1660Developed Cavalier King Charles
SpanielsSigned “habeas corpus”
King James IIYounger brother of Charles IICatholic Glorious Revolution, 1688
Overthrown “for sake of Protestantism”
Older daughter, Mary, asked to replace
King William & Queen Maryr. 1689-1702signed the Bill of Rights
◦free to speak◦no taxes w/o Parliament◦no laws w/o Parliament◦right to bear arms
King William & Queen Mary
“Constitutional monarchy”◦Monarch & Parliament rule together◦Shared power → stalemate
Cabinet developed◦Officials worked between both