Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?
-
Upload
teliasonera-international-carrier -
Category
Internet
-
view
395 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?
![Page 1: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
TeliaSonera International Carrier CONNECTIVITY FIRST WORLD PROBLEM OR BASIC HUMAN RIGHT?
![Page 2: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
INTERNET A BASIC HUMAN RIGHT? ISOC A FREE AND OPEN INTERNET BACKBONE HOW THE BACKBONE ENABLES THE INTERNET
![Page 3: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
THE SPOILED GENERATION
![Page 4: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
FIRST WORLD PROBLEMS?
![Page 5: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HOW DID WE GET HERE?
![Page 6: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
![Page 8: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
![Page 9: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
![Page 10: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
![Page 11: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Michael Kende Chief Economist
Graham Minton Director, Resource
Development
![Page 12: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A Free and Open INTERNET.
The Internet Society - keeping the Internet open, thriving, and benefitting people around the globe.
![Page 13: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
www.internetsociety.org
What is the Internet Society? The Internet Society (ISOC) is a cause-based organization that works with governments, industries, and others to ensure the technologies and policies that helped develop and evolve the Internet will continue into the future.
We believe in an Internet that is open to everyone, everywhere and aim to ensure that it will continue to be a tool for creativity, innovation, and economic growth.
MISSION: To promote the open development, evolution, and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the world.
![Page 14: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
History Founded in 1992 by Internet pioneers Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn as an international non-profit organization. The Internet Society is the organizational home of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the primary entity responsible for establishing the Internet’s open standards and best practices. For more details, visit www.internetsociety.org/history
![Page 15: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Global Presence
100+ Chapters Worldwide
65,000+ Members and Supporters
150+ Organization Members
6 Regional Bureaus
18 Countries with ISOC Offices
NORTH AMERICA
LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN
EUROPE
AFRICA
THE MIDDLE EAST
ASIA
SEPT 2014 Chapters
![Page 16: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
How We Work To Protect Our Internet
Operating at the intersection of policy, technology, and development allows the Internet Society to be a thought leader on issues key to the Internet’s continued growth and evolution.
Technology
Development Policy
![Page 17: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Internet Society at Work
To achieve our mission, the Internet Society:
Provides leadership in policy issues
Advocates open Internet Standards
Promotes Internet technologies that matter
Develops Internet infrastructure
Undertakes outreach that changes lives
Recognizes industry leaders
![Page 18: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Internet Society released its first annual Global Internet Report this year
18
![Page 19: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Open Internet resulted from users having a central role in development and governance
19
![Page 20: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The result has been significant milestones over the past ten years
Relation Identifier 0.1 Draft
The rise of fixed broadband…
… developing countries…
… and now mobile broadband…
![Page 21: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mobile broadband access has made significant inroads, based in part on smartphones
21
0
1'000
2'000
3'000
4'000
5'000
6'000
2011 2012 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017* 2018*
Con
nect
ions
(mill
ion)
Western Europe Central and Eastern Europe North America
Developed Asia-Pacific Emerging Asia-Pacific Middle East and North Africa
Caribbean and Latin America Sub-Saharan Africa
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,6
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*
Han
dset
shi
pmen
ts (b
illio
n)
Smartphone Other handsets
Source: Analysys Mason, 2013
![Page 22: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mobile broadband is particularly growing in developing regions
22 Source: Analysys Mason, 2013
![Page 23: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The result is some big numbers
23
![Page 24: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The open Internet offers significant opportunities
24
![Page 25: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
However, Internet penetration levels vary significantly
Source: ITU 2013
![Page 26: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
The digital divide is not binary
Cannot have Internet: “no computer/internet”
“too expensive”
Could have Internet: “no interest/not useful”
“don’t know how to use/confused” “no time”
World Internet Project polled non-adopters for reasons
Source: Internet Society Global Internet Report 2014
Have Internet
![Page 27: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
There are issues that impact each group of users or potential users
Could have Internet Cannot have Internet
• Access speeds vary greatly across countries
• Low international resilience increases disruptions
• Filtering impacts the value of Internet access
• Increased users and usage can lead to congestion
• Availability of content reduces interest
• Language of content also has a significant impact
• Location of content hosting impacts performance
• Availability issues are decreased due to mobile broadband
• Affordability is still a significant concern
Resolving each set of issues helps the next group
Have Internet
![Page 28: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Have Internet
For existing users, the quality of fixed access varies significantly
Source: NetIndex 2014
![Page 29: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The Internet is subject to disruption, often from governments to avoid short-run political uses…
29
Have Internet
Source: Renesys 2014
![Page 30: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
… and many governments limit content over the long-run as well
Have Internet
Source: Freedom House 2013
![Page 31: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
While operators will need to address rising traffic from media-rich content
31
0
'1
'2
'3
'4
'5
'6
2011 2012 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017* 2018*
Traf
fic p
er c
onne
ctio
n (M
B/m
onth
thou
sand
)
Western Europe Central and Eastern Europe North AmericaDeveloped Asia-Pacific Emerging Asia-Pacific Middle East and North AfricaLatin America Sub-Saharan Africa World
Have Internet
Source: Analysys Mason, 2013
![Page 32: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Availability of content limits interest for non-users
32
Could have Internet
Source: Google, 2013
Google Play availability by content type
![Page 33: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33 Source: Internet Society Global Internet Report 2014
Language is a significant issue, and English remains over-represented
Could have Internet
![Page 34: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
The location of content impacts latency of access
34
Could have Internet
Roundtrip time in ms to access YouTube
Source: RIPE Atlas, 2014
![Page 35: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Impact of locally hosted content: Google Global Cache in Kenya
35
Could have Internet
Google content increased as a result of the cache; all of it went through the
KIXP
![Page 36: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Internet availability has benefited from the widespread availability of cellular
36
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Cellularcoverage
3G coverage Cellularpenetration
Internetpenetration
Mobilebroadbandpenetration
Fixedbroadbandpenetration
Availability and adoption in Rwanda
Mobile broadband coverage is high in many countries – Cellular coverage grew quickly in many
countries, leapfrogging fixed
– Offering Internet is not a significant upgrade on voice
Price remains a critical factor – In 2012, broadband cost 26% of average
monthly income in Rwanda
– This owes to a number of factors along the value chain
Cannot have Internet
Source: ITU, 2013
![Page 37: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Affordability is still a constraint in many countries Cannot have Internet
Source: Internet Society Global Internet Report 2014
Cost of broadband as % of per capita GDP
![Page 38: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
The Internet value chain contains multiple links
38
Internet access service results from international and national connectivity along with last mile access
There are many points at which a policy shortfall could increase the price of Internet service and thereby lower access
This is true in spite of significant investments in recent years across the value chain
Source: Lifting barriers to Internet development in Africa
Cannot have Internet
![Page 39: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
International connectivity is increasing rapidly
39
Only 2 cables existed before 2009 – SEA-ME-WE 3 (North,
2000)
– SAT3 (West Coast, 2001)
International connectivity was significant cost – Submarine cables were
monopoly operated
– Satellite access up to $2000/Mbps
Cannot have Internet
![Page 40: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Prices of access to Europe still differ widely, particularly for landlocked countries
40 Source: Lifting barriers to Internet development in Africa
Cannot have Internet
![Page 41: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
Recommendations
Could have Internet Cannot have Internet
• Increase operator diversity by liberalising the International gateway
• Increase network and route diversity by lowering cross-border barriers
• Increase robustness and resilience of Internet security and privacy
• Create an enabling environment for creation, use, and access to content
• Work to deploy caches and servers in country to host content locally
• Government should seed market by developing own content
• Remove domestic barriers to connectivity such as rights-of-way policies
• Remove high taxes on equipment and devices
Have Internet
![Page 42: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Conclusion
Progress over the past ten years would have been unimaginable – Mobile broadband has overtaken fixed – Developing country users have overtaken developed country – Video has become the dominant source of traffic
As we reach 3 billion users, we have at least three challenges
– Level up the Internet so current users enjoy better services – Promote locally relevant content to generate interest – Remove roadblocks to increase affordability of access
Ten years from now we want to look back with sustained wonder
at the progress made
![Page 43: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
www.internetsociety.org
Michael Kende – Chief Economist
Graham Minton – Director, Resource Development
Thank You
![Page 44: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
HOW THE BACKBONE ENABLES THE INTERNET
![Page 45: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
US & Canada
Africa
Asia
Europe
Latin America
Internationalnternet Bandwith (Gbps)
5,000 2,500 1,000 100
Source: TeleGeography, 2014-08-14
INTERNET BANDWITH 2014
![Page 46: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
#2 Europe
Source: Renesys ranking 2014-09-29
#2 Middle
East
#2 North
America
#4 Asia
Top 2 GLOBAL
#1 South
America
INTERNET BACKBONE RANKING
![Page 47: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
But here’s the challenge…
Anywhereization means data. Staggering quantities, multiplying at a staggering rate.
The video content that will cross the world’s networks every month in 2016 would take six million years* to watch. *Source:Cisco
ONE? MEET ZERO.
![Page 48: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
ENABLING BANDWIDTH EXPLOSION
Traf
fic v
olum
e in
TS
IC’s
net
wor
k
1998 Large TSIC
clients using approx. 0.045 Gbps
2014 Large TSIC
clients using approx. 400 Gbps
+20,000% volume increase
1998 -99 -00 -01 -02 -03 -04 -05 -06 -07 -08 -09 -10 -11 2012 -13 2014
8,000 Gbps
In 2012, 50% of all internet traffic is video
![Page 49: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
CARRYING YOUR BIG IDEA
TRANSIT SERVICES CAPACITY SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
NURTURE MATURE
![Page 50: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
TSIC IP Network AS 1299
Incubation Own Premises Single Rack No AS IP Connect @ nGE
TSIC Ethernet Frankfurt
GROWING YOUR BIG IDEA
![Page 51: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
TSIC IP Network AS 1299
Growth Server farms in multiple countries Own AS Colocation Multi-homed IP Transit @ n10GE
ASxxx
ASxxx
Frankfurt
Hong Kong
New York
GROWING YOUR BIG IDEA
![Page 52: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Relation Identifier 0.1 Draft
TSIC IP Network AS 1299
More Growth Server farms & Colocation Multi-homed IP Transit @ n10GE EVPL, ELAN between sites or branch offices (secure data transfer, backup etc.)
TSIC Ethernet
ASxxx
ASxxx
ASxxx
Frankfurt
Hong Kong
New York
GROWING YOUR BIG IDEA
![Page 53: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
TSIC IP Network AS 1299
Maturity Server farms & Colocation Multi-homed IP Transit @ n10GE EVPL, ELAN Wavelength system and Public Peering
TSIC Ethernet
ASxxx
ASxxx
ASxxx
Frankfurt
Hong Kong
New York
DWDM (n10GE & n100GE)
GROWING YOUR BIG IDEA
![Page 54: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Connectivity – First world problem or basic human right?](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051514/54956513ac7959042e8b4e3d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Relation Identifier 0.1 Draft
YOU CAN´T PREDICT THE FUTURE BUT YOU CAN BE READY