Connective and supporting tissue
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Transcript of Connective and supporting tissue
As its name implies, connective tissue connects, holds, and supports other body tissues.The cells of connective tissue are characteristicallyseparated from one another by large amounts ofintercellular material.This extracellular material is that gives connectivetissue its strenght.Parts of the connective tissue:CellsExtracellular matrix (ECM)
Two types of cells are present in the
connective tissue
FIXED
Fibroblast (fibrocyte)Fat cells (adipocyte)MelanocyteMesoblastReticular cell
MOBILE
Plasma cellMast cellHistiocyte(macrophage)LymphocyteGranulocyte
Fibers
Collagen fibersElastic fibersReticular fibersMicrofibrils
Amorphous material
GAG and proteoglycansAdhesion molecules
RegularDense
Irregular
Loose
Rich in fibers
SpinocellularMature
Reticular
Areolar
Rich in cells
Wharton s jelly
MesenchymaEmbryonic
Slide 4, Unilocular fat (paraffin section, HE), 10X
adipocytes
vessels
adipocytes
vessels
Nuclei of adipocytes
Slide 4, Unilocular fat (paraffin section, HE), 40X
To identify the following structures:
adipocytes and their nucleivessels
epidermis dermis hypodermis
Slide 5, Unilocular fat (frozen section, Sudan), 4X
panniculus adiposus
adipocytes
Slide 5, Unilocular fat (frozen section, Sudan), 10X
adipocytes
Slide 5, Unilocular fat (frozen section, Sudan), 40X
To divide the 3 parts of the skinTo identify the adipocytes
Slide 78, Skin (HE), 4X
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
irregular dense connective tissue
dermis
loose connective tissue
hypodermis
Slide 78, Skin (HE), 10X
To divide the 3 parts of the skinTo identify the:loose connective tissuedense connective tissue
Slide 6, Tendon (HE), 10X
regular dense connective tissue
collagen bundles
fibrocytes
Slide 6, Tendon (HE), 40X
To identify:collagen bundlesfibrocytes
Cartilage consists of cells (chondrocytes) and an extensive extracellular matrixcomposed of fibers and ground substance.3 forms of cartilage have evolved, eachexhibiting variations in matrix composition:
1. Hyaline cartilage2. Elastic cartilage3. Fibrocartilage
1. Hyaline cartilage: in the articular surfaces of themovable joints; the walls of larger respiratorypassages (nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi); theventral ends of ribs; and in the epyphysealplates of bones
2. Elastic cartilage: in the auricle of the ear; thewalls of the external auditory canals, theauditory tubes, the epiglottis, and the cuneiformcartilage in the larynx
3. Fibrocartilage: in the intervertebral disks; and inarticular meniscs
Perichondrium: outer layer (stratum fibrosum) type I collagen, inner layer (stratum
chondroblasticum) rich of cellsThe unit of cartilages: chondronChondrocyte: only one cell, or little groups of cells, roundish shape, spherical nucleus
In hyaline cartilage: 2-4 chondrocytesIn elastic cartilage: 1-2 chondrocytesIn fibrous cartilage: 1-2 chondrocytes
LacunaPericellular matrixTerritorial/capsular matrixInterterritorial matrix
Schematic representation of hyaline cartilage
territorial/capsular matrix
chondron
chondrocyteinterterritorialmatrix
lacuna
perichondrium
pericellular matrix
Slide 7, Hyaline cartilage (HE), 10X
perichondriumstratum fibrosum
stratum chondroblasticum
interterritorial matrix
chondrons
chondrocytes
interterritorial matrix
chondron
lacuna
Slide 7, Hyaline cartilage (HE), 40X
pericellular matrix
To identify the parts of hyaline cartilage:perichondriumchondronchondrocytepericellular matrixterritorial matrixinterterritorial matrixlacuna
Slide 8, ear (orcein), 10X
perichondrium
perichondrium
chondrons
elastic fibers
chondrocytes
chondron
Slide 8, ear (orcein), 40X
To identify the components of the elasticcartilage:elastic fiberchondronchondrocyte
Slide 9, Articular menisc (HE), 40X
collagen fibers
chondrocytes
To identify the parts of the fibrocartilage:chondrocytescollagen fibers
cancellous(spongy) bone
Inner circumferentiallamellae
compact bone
outer circumferential lamellaeHaversian system (osteon)
osteocyteHaversiancanal
Volkmann scanal
Schematic drawing of the bone
Slide 10, Bone (ground section) 10X
Haversian canalVolkmann s canal
inner circumferential lamellae
outer circumferential lamellae
osteocytes
interstitial lamellae
osteon
Haversian canal
osteocytes
Slide 10, Bone (ground section) 40X
osteon
To recognize the following structures:osteonouter and inner circumferential lamellaeinterstitial lamellaeosteocyteVolkmann s canalHaversian canal
Enchondralossification
Slide 11, Enchondral ossification (HE) 4X
enchondral ossification
skeletal muscle
bone spicules
bone marrow
bone marrow
bone spicule ossification zone
hypertrofic cartilage zone
proliferative zone
resting zone
Slide 11, Enchondral ossification (HE) 10X
To identify:enchondral ossification with its zonesbone marrowbone spiculesskeletal muscleadipose tissue