CONFERENCE SPONSORS THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS

THE INSTITUTION OF HIGHWAYS AND TRANSPORTATION THE INSTITUTION OF WATER ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTS .

THE CHARTERED INSTITUTE OF BUILDING THE BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY

THE FEDERATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERING CONTRACTORS THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY COMPUTING ASSOCIATION

'CONSTRUCTION COMPUTING'

CONFERENCE ADVISORY BOARD

Professor H Adeli Dr M A Crisfield Dr M Papadrakakis The Ohio State University Transport and Road Research National Technical University U.S.A. Laboratory Athens,

Crowthorne, U.K. Greece Dr R J Allwood University of Technology Professor S J Fenves Loughborough, U.K. Carnegie-Mellon University Professor Naruhito Shiraishi

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Kyoto Univeristy, Dr A K Azad U.S.A. Japan University of Petroleum and

Minerals I Hamilton Professor W R Spillers Dhahran, Saudi Arabia Construction Industry Rensselaer Polytechnic Insitute

Computing Association Troy, New York, Dr Martin Barnes Cambridge, U.K. U.S.A. Martin Barnes Project

Management Deloitte Haskins and Sells London, U.K.

P K Barton Sheffield City Polytechnic, U.K.

Dr A W Beeby Cement and Concrete

Association Wexham Springs, U.K

W T Bell Contract Data Research Sheffield, U.K

Professor Y K Cheung University of Hong Kong

Professor J Christian Memorial University of

Newfoundland St Johns, Canada

Professor H B Harrison The University of Sydney Sydney, Australia

Professor A Jennings The Queen's University of

Belfast, U.K.

Professor P W Jowitt Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh, U.K.

Professor U Kirsch Technion, Israel

Professor H Liebowitz The George Washington

University Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

Professor K I Majid University College Cardiff, U.K.

David Taffs Ove Arup & Partners London, U.K.

Dr A B Templeman The University of Liverpool, U.K.

Dr B H V Topping University of Edinburgh,

, U.K.

Dr G J Turvey University of Lancaster, U.K.

Dr D. S. Wakefield Buro Happold Bath, U.K.

Proceedings

The Third International Conference

Civil and Structural Engineering Computing

Volume 1

Edited by B. H. V. TOPPING

published by

10 Saxe-Cobuug Place Edinburgh

O Civil-Comp Limited

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data International Conference on Civil and Structural Engineering Computing (3rd : 1987 : London) Civil-Comp 87 : the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Civil and Structural Engineering. l. Civil engineering - Data processing I. Title 11. Topping, B. H. V. 624' .028'5 TA345 ISBN 0-948749-03-2 ISBN 0-948749-04-0 V. l

The Third International Conference on Civil and Structural Engineering Computing was held 22nd-24th September, 1987 at The Institution of Civil Engineers London

Printed in Scotland

by MEIGLE PRINTERS Market Street, Galashiels

CONTENTS

I - PROFESSIONAL ISSUES FOR ENGINE,ERING COMPUTER USERS

COMPUTERS IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE THE ISSUE OF QUALITY Dr Leroy Z. Emkin, GTICES Systems Laboratory, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ............................................................................. LEGAL ISSUES FOR CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING COMPUTER USERS Dr M Sales, Solicitor, W & J Burness, WS, Edinburgh .................................................

I1 - THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

COMPUTING ACROSS THE INTERFACE OF EMPLOYER AND CONTRACTOR THE ICEPAC SYSTEM MAKES A START Martin Barnes, BSc(Eng), PhD, FICE, FCIOB, MBCS, Martin Barnes Project Management, Deloitte Haskins and Sells, London ........................ AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO BILLING AND ESTIMATING USING CESMM2 David Kitley, DMS, MBIM, MMS, Aramis Computing Services Ltd., Camborne, Cornwall

PROJECT COST RISK ANALYSIS USING A PERSONAL COMPUTER G Singh, BSc, MSc, PhD, K. McGreal, BSc, MSc, and G E Kiangi, BSc, MSc, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, England .................................................................................... SYSTEMATIC ANALYSES OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS - A MICROMPUTER APPROACH George Suckarieh, PhD, PE, Department of Construction Science, University of Cincinnati, United States of America ...................................................................... PROJECT PLANNING BY MICROCOMPUTER G A Reiss, Projects, Haworth, England

APPRAISAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECTS USING UTILITY THEORY G Singh, BSc, MSc, PhD, and G E Kiangi, BSc, MSc, Department of Civil Engineering, University of

....................................................................................................... Leeds, England

A COMPUTER-BASED SYSTEM MODEL FOR SIMULATING FUTURE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION DEMAND M A Al-Mufti and S R Cochrane, Department of Civil

.................................. Engineering, The Queen's University of Belfast, United Kingdom

AN INTEGRATED COMPUTER AIDED ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION Ch Ephremidis, Professor Dr.-Ing., Department of Construction, Project Management, National Technical University of Athens, Greece .....................................

I11 - DATA MANAGEMENT AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS AN INTEGRATED ROAD TRAFFIC DATABANK SYSTEM W T Bell, BSc, MSc, DIC, CEng, MIC, MIHT, and L C Darrall, BSc, MSc, CEng, MICE, MIHT, Contract Data Research Ltd,

................................................................................................... Sheffield, England

THE COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL (CAESAR) PROJECT AT THE CEGB Tony Munton, Engineering, Scientific and Industrial Centre, IBM UK Ltd., Warwick and John Beauchamp, Head of Technology Centre, Computing and Information Systems Department, Central Electricity Generating Board, London ............. DATA BASE APPLICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION Fwu-shiun Liou, PhD, PE, and M Clay Belcher, PhD, PE, Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, United States of America

IV - MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN SYSTEMS

THE MANAGEMENT OF CAD Erik Winterkorn, BArch Cornell, RIBA, Construction Industry Computing Association, Cambridge, England ................................................. TOWARDS MORE EFFECTIVE DESIGNING WITH SPECIAL CAD PROGRAMS M

....................................... Mikkola, MSc, KPM Consulting Engineers, Tampere, Finland

ONLY AN INTEGRATED CAD & CAE SOLUTION FOR THE CIVIL WORKFLOW ALLOWS OPTIMIZATION OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN Paul Kluijtmans, Intergraph

.................................................................. Europe Inc., Hoofddorp, The Netherlands

QUANTITATIVE EVALUATIONS OF HUMAN FACTORS SAVINGS IN CAD WORKSTATIONS Sandra L Newsome, William R Spillers, and Ann M Vosburgh, Rensselaer

................................... Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America

V - STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN: REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

PERSONAL PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN TO BS 8110 R Hulse BSc, MSc, CEng, MICE, Department of Civil Engineering and Building, Coventry Polytechnic, and W. H. Mosley, BSc, MSc, CEng, MICE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Liverpool, England ............................................................ A DESIGN AND PRODUCTION SYSTEM FOR A PRECASTING YARD T D Sloan, BSc, CEng, MICE, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast and D F Rossney, ACMA, MICS, Cement-Roadstone Holdings Plc, Dublin .............................................. CCANDE-87 MICROCOMPUTER AIDED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BURIED CONCRETE STRUCTURES A Y Akl, PhD, Department of Structural Engineering, Cairo Universtiy, Egypt, and M S Soliman, PhD, Department of Structural Engineering, Zagazig

............................................................................... University, Banha Branch, Egypt

SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF INFILLED REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES M Sobaih, PhD, M Fathy, MSc, and M. M. Abdin, PhD, Structural Engineering Department, Cairo University, Egypt ....................................................................................................................

V1 - SLAB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN A GENERAL COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE YIELD-LINE SOLUTION OF EDGE SUPPORTED SLABS J G Dickens, Professor L L Jones, University of Technology, Loughborough and Dr R H Wood, formerly Building Research Establishment, Watford, England

RC SLABS: A CAD PACKAGE C V Vaidyanathan, A Rajaraman, and N V Raman, Structural ............................................................... Engineering Research Centre, Madras, India

DIRECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SKEW SLABS P Bhatt, L M Abdel Hafiz, and D R Green, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Glasgow, Scotland .......

V11 - STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN STEEL STRUCTURES

AN INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC MODELLING SYSTEM FOR 2D ELASTO PLASTIC ANALYSIS Dr R E Yeadon, BTech, PhD, CEng, MIStructE, FBIM, Computer Services

......................................................... Consultants (U.K.) Ltd, Pudsey, Leeds, England

DERIVED MOMENT ROTATION CURVES FOR DOUBLE FRAMING ANGLES Ralph M Richard, Wei-Kung Hsia and Mark Chmielowiec, Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America .....

V111 - MICRO-COMPUTER AIDED STRUCTURAL DESIGN MICRO BASED INTEGRATED DESIGN FOR THE ENGINEER A Craddock, Lamp

............................................................................ Software, Loughborough, England

THE DESIGN OF WIDE-SPAN ROOF STRUCTURES USING MICRO-COMPUTERS L Grundig and J Bahndorf, Institute for Applications of Geodesy, University of Stuttgart, West

................................................................................................................ Germany

MICROCOMPUTER ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS BEAMS H B Harrison, BSc, MEngSc, PhD, MICE, MASCE, MIEAust, School of Civil and Mining Engineering,

................................................................................. University of Sydney, Australia

SIMPLIFIED STRUCTURAL SOFTWARE USING THE RELEASE-DEFORMATION METHOD Redmond Holloway, BE, FIStructE, MICE, MIEI, Consulting Engineer, Dublin, Eire ....................................................................................................................... COMPUTER AIDED ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR ENGINEERS W Schmidt and D

...................... V Schiavello, DVSE Inc., Haledon, New Jersey, United States of America

IX - STRUCTURAL DESIGN: LOADING ASSESSMENT SIMULATING DYNAMIC SPECTATOR LOADS R L Sack, BS, MSCE, PhD, FASCE, and A Ebrahimpour, BSCE, MSCE, PhD, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Idaho,

.................................................................. Moscow, Idaho, United States of America

WASP - A PROBLEM-ORIENTED LANGUAGE TO ESTIMATE WIND ACTION ON STRUCTURES Harold P Santo, CEng, AMASCE, Center for Mechanics and Structural

.................................................. Engineering, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal

SIMULATING UNIFORM ROOF SNOW LOADS R L Sack, BS, MSCE, PhD, FASCE, and D Arnholtz, BSCE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America ..........................................................................................

X - OPTIMUM STRUCTURAL DESIGN DISCRETE OPTIMUM STRUCTURAL DESIGN Andrew B Templeman, Department of Civil

............................................................ Engineering, University of Liverpool, England

OPTIMUM DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS Professor H F Erbatur and M M Samman, Civil Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

HIGH QUALITY APPROXIMATIONS OF FORCES FOR OPTIMUM STRUCTURAL DESIGN Professor U Kirsch and S Taye, Department of Civil Engineering, Technion - Israel

......................................................................... Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel OPTIMIZATION FOR NONLINEAR STABILITY Robert Levy, PhD, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel and Huei-Shiang Perng, Department of Civil Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America .................................................................................................... OPTIMAL PLASTIC DESIGN OF FRAMES WITH TAPERED MEMBERS Thomas K H Tan, BSc and Alan Jennings, DSc, CEng, FIStructE, MICE, FIMA, Department of Civil Engineering,

.......................................................... Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland

A NUMERICAL MODEL FOR THE COMPUTER-AIDED OPTIMUM DESIGN OF STEEL FRAMES V N Alekhin and Ya I Olkov, The Urals Polytechnical Institute, U.S.S.R. ...... OPTIMUM DESIGN OF NONLINEAR SPACE TRUSSES Dr M P Saka, Department of Civil

.............................................. Engineering, The University of Bahrain, State of Bahrain

APPLICATIONS OF STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION TO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING DESIGN Professor W R Spillers, BS, MS, PhD, and Yahia Teboub, Rensselaer Polytechnic

.................................................... Institue, Troy, New York, United States of America

A SYNERGIC MAN-MACHINE APPROACH T O SHAPE OPTIMIZATION OF STRUCTURES Hojjat Adeli and K V Balasubramanyam, Department of Civil Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America .......................... OPTIMUM DESIGN OF STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES SUBJECT TO STRENGTH AND STIFFNESS CONSTRAINTS AND MULTIPLE LOADING B L Karihaloo and S Kanagasundaram, School of Civil and Mining Engineering, The University of Sydney,

................................................................................................................ Australia

XI - GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN NUMERICAL METHODS IN THE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF SLOPES Dr S C Pasternack, Geotechnical Consultants Inc., Columbus, Ohio and S Gao, Neyer, Tiseo and Hindo Ltd.,

............................................................... Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF SOIL-OFFSHORE STRUCTURE SYSTEMS Dr Kenji Kawano, Department of Offshore and Civil Engineering, Kagoshima University, and Professor Yoshikazu Yamada, and K Venkatarama, Department of Civil Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan ..................................................................................................................... COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN OF PILE-RAFT FOUNDATIONS M Sobaih, PhD, Structural Engineering Department, Cairo University, Egypt and A Al-Khatib, MSc, Consulting Engineer,

............................................................................................... Jeddah, Saudi Arabia