Complete Hardware / Software Solution for Implementing the Control of the Electrical Machines with...

Complete Hardware / Software Solution for Implementing the Control of the Electrical Machines with Programmable Logic Circuits D. Mic * , Ş. Oniga * , E. Micu ** , C. Lung * * North Unive rsity of B aia Mare/Electronics a nd Compu ters Dep artment, Baia Mare, R omania ** Transilvania University of Braşov/ Automatics Department, Braşov, Romania Abstract — In this paper authors propo se a rapid and new method to design and optimize the electric motor control using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The elaborated designing algorithm takes advantage of the unification of ISE Xilinx digital designing environment with Matlab/Simulink simulation and testing environment, through System Generator toolbox. This results in a faster and efficient design flow. A software and hardware operational system was realized using programmable logic circuits to control a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor. The system is able to operate independently or to communicate bidirectional and in real time with Matlab/Simulink environment. A hierarchical control system design method is achieved too, based on parameterized models; System Generator toolbox library is extended with specific electric motors control blocks (PWM, PID, Commutation blocks, etc). I. I NTRODUCTION According to the reference, [12], within a single modern dwe lling there can be over 334 electrical motors. These are present in every place where there are elements in motion, ranging from household appliances to computation devices and audio-video equipments. Once one of the devices mentioned above is acquired, the number of these motors will increase. Only when a computation device is purchased, the number of the motors included by this is impressive, 3 or 4 motors for the ventilators, 4 for the DVD unit, 2 for the hard-disk and many others for any auxiliary attached: printer, scanner, joystick, etc. Due to the compac t shape, the good torque / dimension ratio and the control accuracy, great deals of these motors are brushless dc. The systems used to implement the control algorithms are becoming more and more complex, they must work on a low energy consumption, and have an increased flexibility that would allow the consistent expansion of its usage and an increasingly accurate control. Due to the fast rhythm of development, related to the electronic industry, time to market mustn’t be played down. The programmable logic circuits come to meet the demands mentioned above, allowing the implementation both of the control algorithms and the other auxiliary functions on a single chip, at high speeds, all the operations being carried out in hardware. Another advantage brought by the programmable logic circuits is the short development time, this results in a fast time to market. The purpose of this paper lies in the presentation and also application of a method meant to achieve a complete and feasible system regarding the hardware and software, for the control of DC motors, with and without brushes, using programmable logic circuits. This system must work independently or allow bidirectional communication in real time, within a software environment (for instance, Simulink). The authors are also making a library containing the elements specific to the motor control, a library that can be integrated in Simulink. These components of which parameters can be modified, are created to be usable both for the software simulation and for the implementation and testing in hardware, all of these designing processes being carried out as simply as possible and in the shortest time. II. HARDWARE / SOFTWARE METHODS FOR THE TESTING / IMPLEMETATION OF THE DIGITAL HARDWARE CONTROL The wide range of design programs available to the digital circuits designers and control systems designers ease their work, but, in the same time, the environment resulted by joining the resources of the two design branches might appear heterogene ous and might entail confusion. The purpose of this paragraph resides in the display of a quick method of implementing in hardware of control algorithms and the interfaces connected to these, in order to operate a DC motor. The method is meant to allow the designers of the control system to focus on high level specifications and to get a quick result in what regards the perfo rmance of the control algorith m selected and the costs entailed by it s implementation in the hardware. A. The Classical Method Of Implementing The Control Systems In FPGA The well-known method for implementation of the control systems (CS) in the FPGA consists of two different stages, as in figure 1: Authorized licensed use limited to: Iowa State University. Downloaded on February 3, 2009 at 12:38 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

Complete Hardware / Software Solution for Implementing the Control of the Electrical Machines with...

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