Chapter 6 The Classical Period: Directions, Diversities, and Declines by 500 CE.
Comparing Classical, Medieval and Renaissance Art · The Classical Period: • The Classical period...
Transcript of Comparing Classical, Medieval and Renaissance Art · The Classical Period: • The Classical period...
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Comparing Classical, Medieval and Renaissance Art
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• This sculpture’s title is Discobolus(because it shows a man throwing a discus).
• It was probably made to celebrate the achievement of a famous athlete, perhaps an Olympic victory.
• Notice how the figure appears to be In the middle of a powerful action
• The figure is in perfect balance • The calm face makes a difficult task
look easy• The figure is neither an ordinary man,
nor is it a god. Rather, it represents the ideal in Greek society
• The original statue was created by the famous sculptor Myron in 450 B.C.E.
• The original was of cast bronze• This version is a copy made in marble
by the Romans• The Romans greatly admired Greek
culture
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The Classical Period:
• The Classical period is from 500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.
• The art is usually sculpture, pottery, murals, and mosaics
• The art also shows the importance of people and gods.
Elements of Classical Sculpture:• Figures are:
– Doing a real task of daily life– Calm, without emotion– idealized and perfect– Bodies often nude– Body looks active– Little sense of background
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Narthex Tympanum, 1120 C.E., sculpture, France
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• Jesus, the most important figure, is the largest, and is right in the center.
• The artist does not try to make the figures look like real bodies.
• The artist wanted to make a beautiful pattern on the flat stone that would also fit the space of the arch, and he wanted to convey a religious meaning.
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Medieval Period:
• The period is from 500 to 1400 C.E..
• The art is usually stained glass windows, sculptures, illuminated manuscripts, paintings and tapestries
• The purpose behind the art is to teach religion to people who could not read or write
Elements:
• The subjects are mostly religious
• The figures are flat and stiff, little real movement
• The important figures are larger
• Figures are fully clothed, with little emotion
• It appears flat, 2-dimensional
• In paintings, backgrounds are a single color, often gold
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The School of Athens,Raphael
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• This painting was made by Raphael in 1505 to decorate one whole wall of a room in the palace of the pope in Rome.
• The great thinkers of ancient Greece are shown here as if they had gathered to discuss their ideas.
• The building recalls the architecture of classical antiquity (ancient Greece) and uses perspective to create deep space
• They are talking and interacting with other figures, showing us how important their ideas are to them
• The two most important philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, stand at the center of the painting.
• Plato began the first university, the “Academy,” in a grove of trees in Athens, 387 B.C.E.
• His most distinguished pupil was the Greek philosopher, Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.).
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Socrates was an
ancient Greek
philosopher and
teacher. He
originated the
“Socratic Method” of
persuasive speaking
Detail of the left side:
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Euclid (330?-270? B.C.E.)
Greek mathematician, often
called the “Father of
Geometry.” (Raphael based
the figure of Euclid on the
Renaissance architect and
painter, Bramante.)
Ptolemy (C.E. 100? –
165?) was one of the
greatest astronomers and
geographers of ancient
times. Ptolemy did not
believe that the Earth
moves.
Detail of the lower right.
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•Women were not permitted to
participate in discussions about
philosophy during the Renaissance,
so the painting includes only men
However, the idea of wisdom was
represented by a woman, the goddess
Athena, who stands over this scene
as a painted statue in the niche on the
right.
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• Plato and Aristotle are seen in conversation at the center of the picture.
• Plato’s upward pointed gesture is symbolic – he is pointing to the source of higher inspiration.
• Aristotle, however, is gesturing downwards, toward the started point of all natural sciences.
• It is believed that Plato is actually a portrait of Leonardo da Vinci.
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The Renaissance:
• The period is from 1400 – 1650 C.E.• The art consists of sculptures, murals, drawings, paintings• The purpose was to show the importance of people and nature, not just
religion
Elements:• Subjects were both religious and non-religious• Bodies may look active, moving• Bodies can be nude or clothed• Faces express thoughts• Colors respond to light that falls on them• Backgrounds are usually full, deep, with natural elements
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Madonna and Child with Two AngelsFilippo Lippi
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Bathing VenusArtist Unknown
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Venus and Adonis
Titian
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Madonna and Child in MajestyCimabue
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Grave Stele of Hegeso
Unknown artist.
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Bayeux Tapestry
anonymous artist
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La PietaMichelangelo
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The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
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Madonna and ChildGiotto
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Lady with Ermine
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The Presentation of the VirginGiotto
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Adoration of the ShepherdsGhirlandaio
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Today I learned…. I was surprised by….The most useful thing I will take from this lesson is…I was interested in…What I liked most about this lesson was…One thing I’m not sure about is…The main thing I want to find out more about is…After this lesson, I feel…I might have gotten more from this lesson if…
On a clean sheet of paper, write your name, then answer 3 of these questions: