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Comparative Study of Lizard Populations in Mt. Makiling, Laguna
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A Comparative Study of
Lizard Population betweenMahogany Plantation and
Secondary Old Growth Forest
at Mt. Makiling ForestReserve, Los Baños, Laguna
Fabunan, M.A.B.1, Gerardo, M.A.O.1, Maguslog, J.O.1,Salumbre, R.L.1, Surquia, J.M.S.1,
Diesmos, M.L.L.1,2
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Santo Tomas2Research Center for the Natural Sciences, Thomas Aquinas
Research Center, University of Santo Tomas
January, 2008
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Introduction
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Background of the Study
• Earth’s biodiversity is rapidly disappearing
• Habitat fragmentation
• Exploitation
• Pollution
• The Philippines has been identified as a
biodiversity hotspot• Reptiles are represented by about 235 species
• Some 160 species are endemic
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Introduction
•5.4 million hectaresof the country’sland area remainsforested out of
15.88 millionhectares of thedeclaredforestlands.
•Americanadministratorsinitiatedreforestation of the
school grounds of UP Los baños,
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Objective • To compare the diversity of lizard
populations in mahogany plantationand secondary old growth forest.
• To assess the effect of habitat
fragmentation on lizards populations.
• To generate an honest evaluation of lizard populations.
• To provide a credible view of lizardpopulations with respect tobiodiversity, especially in terms of conservation, assessment and
management of species at risk.
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Statement of the Problem
•Assessment of the state of lizardpopulation abundance and
diversity patterns in a modifiedhabitat (mahogany plantation) andan older habitat (secondary old
growth forest) using statisticalmethods employed in similarstudies
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Significance of the Study
•Further understanding of lizards,and in general, reptilian diversitypatterns and abundance
•Sound information regarding thehabitats of lizards for use inecosystem management
•Evaluate the effect of habitatmodification for better ecologicalconservation practitioners
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Scope and Limitation
• Lizard occurrence at mahoganyplantation and secondary old growthforest is the subject of this study
•Data that was gathered from June toNovember was subjected to Mann-Whitney U Test, Simpson’s index of diversity and the Sorensen
quantitative index•Graphical analysis was achieved using
sampling effort curve with valuesgenerated using EstimateS 8.0
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Methodology
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Schematic Diagram of Methodology
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Study Area
Geographical map of Mt.Makiling (L) and Location
map of the Makiling ForestReserve (R)
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Study Area
•Forest Reserve (MFR) is located at14O08’ N and 121O11’ E lying 65kmof Metro Manila and covers 4224ha extending across 80% of the
mountain.
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Study Area
• The mahoganyplantation is aresult of earlyreforestationefforts in MFR
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Study Area
•Secondary oldgrowth forest
•Only 55% of the MFR canbe
considered aclose canopyforest
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Sample Preparation
•Lizards were captured and
temporarily placed in Ziplocs.Afterwards, collected species werephotographed and then released
•Photographs of lizards wereidentified using field guides
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Experimental Methods
•Sampling was done from June toNovember 2007
•Opportunistic search
•Random strip transect distancesampling method
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Random Strip TransectDistance Sampling Method
10m
50m
10m
5m
*Transect not drawn to scal
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Statistical Analysis of Data
•Mann-Whitney U Test for TwoIndependent Samples
•U= ni(ni +n2 + 1) - Ti
•Simpson’s Measure of Diversity
•D= (ni *( ni -1)/(N*(N-1)
•Sørensen Quantitative Index
•Cn= 2jN / (ni +n2)
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Results andDiscussion
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Lizard Sampling Effort Curve
•Mahogany Plantation species effort curve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 1 2 3 4
Transect
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Lizard Sampling Effort Curve
•Secondary Old Growth Forest species effortcurve
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5
Transect
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Lizard Sampling Effort Curve
•Comparative species effort curve of Mahogany Plantation () and Secondary OldGrowth Forest ()
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5
Transect
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Species Account of Lizards inMahogany Plantation and
Secondary Old Growth Forest
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Species Account of Lizards inMahogany Plantation and
Secondary Old Growth Forest
•A total of 12 species of lizards were
found in the two habitats• The total count for species in the
mahogany plantation is 26
• The total count for species in thesecondary old growth forest is 39
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Species Account of Lizards inMahogany Plantation and
Secondary Old Growth Forest•Mann-Whitney U Test
•Critical Value at α0.05 : 14
•P-value: 31
•Statistically indicates that asignificant difference in thediversity between the two sitesexists
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Comparison of LizardPopulation using Relative
Frequency
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lizards
•Mahogany Plantation ()
•Secondary Old Growth Forest()
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QuickTimeª and adecompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Sphenomorphuscumingi
Lipiniavittigera
Eutropismulticarinata
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Species Diversity
•Simpson’s index of diversity
•DMAHOGANY: 0.21 (1-D= 0.79)
•Low diversity; strongerdominance
•D
SECONDARY
: 0.14 (1-D=0.86)
•Higher diversity; weakdominance
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Species Diversity
•Sorensen Quantitative Index: 0.05
• (1-Cn= 0.95)
•High diversity
•Little commonalities between thetwo sites
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Conclusion
andRecommendation
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Conclusion
•It was found that lizard population found insecondary old growth forest are much more
diverse than lizards inhabiting the mahoganyplantation.
•It can be inferred that the decrease in the
diversity of lizard population can be attributedto the fact that few species tend to live in amodified habitat.
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Recommendation
•More intensive sampling effort
•Alternative statistical tools
•Alternative distance sampling methods