Disaster

Communicable Diseases

Host (Man)

Agent (P falciparum)

Environment (Pool of Water, Vector)

Epidemiological Triad

AGENTBacteria, Viruses,Parasites, fungi

(or) their products

ENVIRONMENTShelter, altitude,

humidity, sanitation,food supply, water

supply, temperatureovercrowding

HOSTAge

genetic susceptibilitynutritional status

previous exposureimmunization status

general physical condition

Vector

Diseases Signs/ Symptoms Control Measures

Measles Fever, Rash, and Cold/ Cough/ or Conjunctivitis (Red Eye)

Immunization and Vitamin A supplementation

Pneumonia (ARI – acute respiratory infections)

Breathing Rate (60-50-40) see table 2

Blankets, Shelter

Malaria In an endemic area * any fever may be malaria. In other regions chills precede fever. In early infections fever skips a day (alternate day fever). There may be severe headache also.

Integrated Vector Control

TB Two weeks cough or/ and fever is a sign of TB. At least two cough (sputum) tests are needed.

DOTS Medicines should continue for 6 months.

Diseases Signs/ Symptoms Control Measures

Diarrhoea Diarrhea is more than 3 loose stools a day or a change in consistency and number of stools that is noticed by the mother or care taker

Filter WaterPurify Water

Severe Diarrhoea

If the diarrhoea is of 14 days or more duration, the child has severe persistent diarrhoea. This child should be referred to hospital.The child who is passing blood in the stools has dysentery. If the child is below 2 months blood in the stools is a danger sign of Serious Bacterial Infection

Discussed in detail

Diarrhoea and Dehydration

Assess every child with diarrhoea for dehydration. Look for the following:LOOK and FEEL for the following signs:LOOK Look at the child's general condition. Is the child lethargic or unconscious? restless and irritable?LOOK for sunken eyes.OFFER the child fluid to drink. Is the child not able to drink or drinking poorly? drinking eagerly, thirsty?PINCH the skin of the abdomen. Does it go back: Very slowly (longer than 2 seconds)? Slowly?

Oral Rehydration Solution and Zinc

If the Child’s age is The child has fast breathing if you count:

0 to 2 months2 months up to 12 months:12 months up to 5 years:

60 breaths per minute or more50 breaths per minute or more40 breaths per minute or more

Pneumonia

Water Supply

SanitationORS and

Zinc

Water purification

Water filtering

Diarhoea

Control Measures for Diarrhoea

In 1 liter (4 glasses) of RAW WATER mix  3 level tablespoons

= (6 level tea spoons) BLEACHING POWDER (30%).

0.6 ml stock or 3 drops for 1 liter of RAW water6 ml for 10 liters of RAW water60 ml for 100 liters of RAW water

PREPARE STOCK SOLUTION

DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION