COGNITIVE-CODE APPROACHES

Cecilia Maller Araya

Teaching English for Secondary Education

Evident in the 1960s.

Cognitive refers to any attempt to rely consciously on a syllabus

based on grammar, but at the same time to allow the practice and

use

of lg. in meaningful ways. ( Richard and Rogers 1986).

Subskills in listening, reading, speaking and writing ( sound

discrimination, pronunciation of certain elements, distinguishing

between similar letters ) must be mastered before real

communication

i.e. phonemes learnt before words.

Words before phrases and sentences.

Simple sentences before complex ones,etc.

Lessons:

Highly structured deductive process.

Creative lg. appears at later levels during

practice.

Learners generally produce correctly from the

beginning.

Most of the time devoted to temporally related but

often unmotivated discourse.