COEN 180 NAS / SAN. Storage Trends Storage Trends: Money is spend on administration Morris,...
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Transcript of COEN 180 NAS / SAN. Storage Trends Storage Trends: Money is spend on administration Morris,...
![Page 1: COEN 180 NAS / SAN. Storage Trends Storage Trends: Money is spend on administration Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649d9c5503460f94a84bb7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
COEN 180
NAS / SAN
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Storage Trends
Storage Trends: Money is spend on administration
Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 42(2)
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Direct Attached, SAN, NAS Storage
Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 42(2)
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Direct Attached, SAN, NAS Storage
Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 42(2)
![Page 5: COEN 180 NAS / SAN. Storage Trends Storage Trends: Money is spend on administration Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649d9c5503460f94a84bb7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Direct Attached, SAN, NAS Storage
Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 42(2)
![Page 6: COEN 180 NAS / SAN. Storage Trends Storage Trends: Money is spend on administration Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649d9c5503460f94a84bb7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Direct Attached, SAN, NAS Storage
Morris, Truskowski: The evolution of storage systems, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 42(2)
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NAS Network Attached Storage (NAS)
Each storage device has its own network interface.
Filers: storage device that interfaces at the level of a distributed file system.
Network File System: NFS (Unix) Common Internet File System CFIS (MS Win)
Flexible. Sharing of storage. Vulnerable. Sharing network makes megatasks such as back-
up difficult.
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NAS
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NAS
Trends favoring NAS: Storage devices become more
intelligent. Object based storage.
Storage devices become application aware.
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NAS Advantages
NAS devices are stand-alone. Have their own OS, networking,
integrated hardware, and software. NAS devices offer shared storage,
accessible from a number of platforms.
NAS devices can easily be added on to an existing network.
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SAN
Storage Area Networks Low costs High transfer Use a dedicated network.
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SAN
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SAN Host Layer
Consists of storage servers and components necessary to connect to SAN.
HBA Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) /
Gigabit Link Converter (GLC) Host Bus Adapter Drivers Cables
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SAN
Network Technology Fibre Channel IP over Ethernet.
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SAN Gigabit Interface Converter
Converts to optical fiber. Short wave:
Laser frequency between 780 and 850 nm. Used for distances between .5m and 500m.
Long wave: Laser frequency at 1300 nm. Used for distances between 2 m and 10km. Newer long-wave GBIC up to 100 km.
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SAN
Full duplex transmission
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SAN Fabric Layer
Contains the components necessary to connect storage servers with storage devices.
Hubs Switches Routers:
Bridge between SCSI and Fibre Channel Cables
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SAN
Storage Layer Monolithic
Large with many disk drives Modular
Controller shelf plus single shelf of disks. Add more shelves as needs grow.
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SAN
Storage Array Manufacturers Mainframe Class
Hitachi IBM EMC
Modular Class Hitachi Compaq Hewlett Packard EMC IBM XIOtech LSI Logic Sun Microsystems MTI
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Fibre Channel Basic Fibre Channel Topologies
Point to Point Switched Fabric Arbitrated Loop.
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Fibre Channel
Point-to-point Eliminates need to invest in fabric
Other than cables. Storage devices have more than one
port and can connect to as many servers as they have ports.
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Fibre Channel
Arbitrated Loops Physically, consists of Fibre Channel
hubs. Internally, uses the FC-AL protocol.
Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop. Can deal with 128 devices. But looses performance much earlier.
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Fibre Channel Switched Fabric
Switches come in Modular class
8 – 16 ports. Multiple fans, power supply, etc. Single controller component
A single point of failure. Director class
32, 64, … ports Blades of ports.
Redundant components.
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Fibre Channel
Switched Fabric Run at 1Gb/sec Run at 2Gb/sec Will run at 10Gb/sec
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Fibre Channel
Switched Fabric Different Topologies
Dual switches Loop of switches Meshed fabric Star Core-edge
switch
switch
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Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Protocol
FC-4: Upper Layer Protocol Interface supports VI, IP, and most importantly, serial SCSI-3 (FCP). The task of FCP is to make fibre channel devices appear as standard SCSI devices to each other. This strategy avoids OS modifications in the storage servers.
FC-3: Common Services, is currently under development and will contain such services as striping a transmission over several ports, hunt groups that allow more than one port to respond to the same alias address (in order to decrease chances of hitting on a busy port), and multicasting.
FC-2: Data Delivery codifies framing, flow control and service class. A fibre channel frame consists of 32B frame meta data framing a 2112 B data field that contains up to 2048B payload. The fiber channel service classes allow either an in effect a virtual physical connection (class 1), or packet switched connections with (class 1) or without (class 2) acknowledgments.
FC-1: Ordered sets / byte encoding. FC-0: Physical interface (optical/electrical, cable plant).
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Fibre Channel
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SAN /NAS