CLP –IMI’sNitramine Propellant Family for LOVA · CLP –IMI’sNitramine Propellant Family for...
Transcript of CLP –IMI’sNitramine Propellant Family for LOVA · CLP –IMI’sNitramine Propellant Family for...
Unclassified 1SubjectMunition Systems Division
CLP – IMI’s Nitramine Propellant Family for LOVA
G. Strul, E. Shachar, Y. Cohen, D. Grinstein
Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology SymposiumOct 07-10, 2013 San Diego
Unclassified 2SubjectMunition Systems Division
Kiryat-Shmona
Tel Aviv
Nazareth – Small-Caliber Ammunition Div.
Haifa Metal ComplexRamat-Hasharon – HQ and:
Ammunition Systems Div.
Advanced Systems
Land Systems
Ramla - Rocket Systems Div.
Ashkelon - Ashot
Beer Sheba
IMI FACILITIESAmmunition
Rocket Systems
Anti-Terror Academy
Test Ranges
Unclassified 3SubjectMunition Systems Division
New Requirements for Propellants:New Requirements for Propellants:
� Increased performance.
� Reduced sensitivity / LOVA.
� Reduced toxicity / Environmental impact –
Replacement of toxic components. Environmental
regulations.
Unclassified 4SubjectMunition Systems Division
Toxicity of Propellants ComponentsToxicity of Propellants Components:
� Dinitrotoluene (DNT) has been used for years as energetic plasticizer in many propellants – DNT, however, is extremely toxic.
� Current Stabilizers are either very toxic by themselves or they produce toxic products during ageing.
� Nitroglycerine NG has physiological effects in
cardiovascular system. nitroglycerine has migration
tendency.
� Phthalate-Plasticizers (DBP) is toxic.
Unclassified 5SubjectMunition Systems Division
The Task:
Development of a high performance LOVA propulsion systems
for gun ammunitions
Desired Features:
• Extended range.
• Raising Energy contents by using high impetus formulations.
• Increase progressivity.
• Low temperature dependency.
• Controllable burning rate regime.
• Improved safety and toxicity properties.
• Green ingredients as much as possible.
Unclassified 6SubjectMunition Systems Division
Methodology of New Propellant DevelopmentMethodology of New Propellant Development
- Potential energetic materials
- Thermochemical evaluation
Synthesis R&D – Lab scale
Synthesis R&D – Pilot scale
Production Formulation & testing Qual. & Ammunition
Unclassified 7SubjectMunition Systems Division
MWF= R
TvTo maximize the Impetus
High Energetic materials
Nitramine (RDX)H2C
N N
H2C CH2
N
NO2
NO2
O2N
Novel Energetic plasticizer
Nitroglycerin
+
Energy IncreaseEnergy Increase
Unclassified 8SubjectMunition Systems Division
24.632311090M-26
22.532591204#3 – (CLP-26)
23.534421218# 2
25.035171169# 1
M [ g/mol ]T [ K ]Impetus [ j/g ]Formulation
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionThermoThermo--Chemical evaluationChemical evaluation
APFSDSAPFSDS--T 105 mmT 105 mm
Unclassified 9SubjectMunition Systems Division
No detonationNo detonationGAP-TEST
65 min100 minStability
186oC193oCDSC ignition temperature
No reactionNo reactionElectrostatic discharge (ESD)
sensitivity
Mild reaction at 360N>360 NFriction sensitivity
3.2 N5.5 NImpact sensitivity
MM--2626CLPCLP--2626
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun Ammunition
Safety featuresSafety features
Gap-test
Unclassified 10SubjectMunition Systems Division
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated aging programAccelerated aging program
Oven Oven 6565°°°°°°°°C C –– 60 days60 days
ClosedClosed vesselvessel
bombbombInterruptionInterruption
bombbombLab TestLab Test
40 mm firing test40 mm firing test
105105 mm firing testmm firing test
Unclassified 11SubjectMunition Systems Division
Interruption bombInterruption bomb
Un-aged propellant After 60 days aging
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated agingAccelerated aging
Unclassified 12SubjectMunition Systems Division
Firing tests – 105 mm.
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionBallistic Stability After AgingBallistic Stability After Aging
Unclassified 13SubjectMunition Systems Division
Bullet impact testBullet impact test
Packaged / Unpackaged round Packaged / Unpackaged round
Loose propellantLoose propellant
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionIM testsIM tests
Reaction Type V:
Rupture of packaging,
ejection of propellant,
partly burning
Unclassified 14SubjectMunition Systems Division
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionIM testsIM tests
FCO – TEST - Stanag 4240
Reaction Type V:
Projectile ejection
followed by ejection of
propellant.
In logistic level test:
Rupture of packaging, Projectile
ejection, partly burning.
Unclassified 15SubjectMunition Systems Division
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionIM testsIM tests
Shaped charge jet attackShaped charge jet attack
Reaction Type III-IV:
Rupture of cartridge, Projectile ejection
followed by ejection of propellant,
partly burning
Unclassified 16SubjectMunition Systems Division
IR photo after IR photo after
70% of burning time70% of burning timeIR photo after IR photo after
10% of burning time10% of burning time
CLP-26 M-26CLP-26 M-26
CCLP-26 M-26
After 30% of After 30% of
burning timeburning time
Propellant for 105Propellant for 105--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionOpen air burningOpen air burning
Unclassified 17SubjectMunition Systems Division
No detonationNo detonationGAP-TEST
70 min100 minStability
186oC200 & 237oCDSC ignition temperature
No reactionNo reactionElectrostatic discharge (ESD)
sensitivity
Mild reaction at 360N>360 NFriction sensitivity
3.2 N6 NImpact sensitivity
CEPCEP--22CLPCLP--1515
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun Ammunition
Safety featuresSafety features
GapGap--testtest
Unclassified 18SubjectMunition Systems Division
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated aging programAccelerated aging program
Oven Oven 6565 ooCC –– 120 days 120 days
Closed vesselClosed vessel
bombbombInterruptionInterruption
bombbombLab TestLab Test
120 mm firing test120 mm firing test
Unclassified 19SubjectMunition Systems Division
Stabilizer depletion & weight loss of Nitramine compared to
DB propellants
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated agingAccelerated aging
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 30 60 90 120
זמן התיישנות מואצת (ימים)
%ל קשמד בואי
CLP-15
CEP-2
Aging time (d)
%
W
L
Unclassified 20SubjectMunition Systems Division
InterruptionInterruption bombbomb
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated agingAccelerated aging
120 d 90d 60 d no aging
Unclassified 21SubjectMunition Systems Division
Nitramine FTIR distribution
across the web size grain
Nitramine FTIR imaging
along the LOVA grain
Microscope FTIR investigationMicroscope FTIR investigation
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated agingAccelerated aging
Unclassified 22SubjectMunition Systems Division
Ballistic Performances after accelerated ageing
Ballistic Shelf LifeBallistic Shelf Life
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionAccelerated agingAccelerated aging
Unclassified 23SubjectMunition Systems Division
FCO – TEST - Stanag 4240
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionIM testsIM tests
Reaction Type V:
Burning of propellant
and combustible
cartridge.
Unclassified 24SubjectMunition Systems Division
Bullet Impact Test - Stanag 4241
Propellant grains
Requirement: No explosion or
detonation.
Result: Type V reaction
rupture of cartridge, ejection of
propellant, partly burning
Same results when tested in logistic level
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionIM testsIM tests
Unclassified 25SubjectMunition Systems Division
Set up beforeAfter burning
Result: Moderate burning (~ 75 sec)
Reference (CEP-2): Faster burning (-10 sec)
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Gun Ammunitionmm Gun AmmunitionOpen Burning of loose CLP 15 propellantOpen Burning of loose CLP 15 propellant
Unclassified 26SubjectMunition Systems Division
PropellantPropellant for 120for 120--mm Mortar Ammunitionmm Mortar Ammunition
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Base p
ress.[
MP
a]
Travel [m]
C19 prop.
Nitramin prop.
CLPM-15
The new mortar CLPM-15 propellant
shows superior ballistic performance
- Extended range
- Force > 1200 j/gr
- Low temperature dependence
Unclassified 27SubjectMunition Systems Division
Propellant for 120Propellant for 120--mm Mortar Ammunitionmm Mortar AmmunitionSmallSmall scale erosion bombscale erosion bomb
Unclassified 28SubjectMunition Systems Division
Improved Ballistic performances
-Higher muzzle velocity
-Low flame temperature (< 3500K)
-High Impetus (>1200 j/g)
- Stable formulation
- Low weight loss during aging
- Low stabilizer degradation
-Enhanced safety properties
- low vulnerability in IM test
- Nitroglycerin free
IMI has introduced a novel LOVA propellant IMI has introduced a novel LOVA propellant
familyfamily
Low Vulnerability Ammunition( LOVA) Propellant
IMI
105 & 120 mm gun propellant are IDF qualified
120 mm mortar propellant is under qualification phase
Unclassified 29SubjectMunition Systems Division
AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments
To IMI propellant team : Yael C., Eli S., Idit M., Haim R.
And to the audience for the attention
FutureFuture plansplans
IMI intends to further increase its insensitive nitramine
propellant family and to broaden the range of
applications in actual and future ammunition systems
Unclassified 30SubjectMunition Systems Division