• CLIC developments• Xband FEL linac introduction• Xband@Trieste• Xband@PSI• Xband@SINAP• Xband@Turkey

W. Wuensch21-1-2014

Xband technology

Gallery

Bunker

Clockwise from top-left:• Modulator/klystron

(50MW, 1.5us pulse)• Pulse compressor

(250ns, ratio 2.8)• DUT + connections• Acc. structure (TD26CC)

Xbox-1 Layout

100 MV/m

Full-fledged CLIC accelerating structure TD26R05CC build by CERN is successfully processed in XBOX1 up to 107 MW/m unloaded accelerating gradient at 250 ns pulses . We have started now study of breakdown rate evolution at the fixed (100 MV/m) gradient.

CLIC

XBOX1

05.12.2013

~7x10

-5 BrD/p

ulse

~2x10-5BrD/pulse

Pulse: 50ns 100ns 150ns 200ns 250ns

High-gradient accelerating structure test status

Preparation of future test stands

N. Catalan Lasheras, I. Syratchev, G. Mcmonagl CLIC project meeting 11.10.2013

Future Developments: XBOX-2LLRF Board Fully Tested

PXI hardware purchased andSoftware partially completed

Functional plan completed

CPI-XL5 tube fully conditioned at SLAC

Future Developments: XBOX-3

• 4 turn-key 6 MW, 11.9942 GHz, 400Hz power stations (klystron/modulator) have been ordered from industry.

• The first unit is scheduled to arrive at CERN in October 2014. The full delivery will be completed before July 2015.

Energy Target

What is the energy range at the end of the linac?Is the maximum 0.07nm or 0.15nm?Are the bunch parameters the same for different energies?• lower energy implies lower gradient (or additional extraction points)• lower gradient changes the longitudinal and transverse wakefield effects

• either need more margin in linac wakefields• or need to only change gradient in Linac3, but have to check longitudinal

effects

Need to understand operation at lower energyWho finds out which range is required?

D. Schulte, CERN, October 20138

~11 m, 16.3 cm

2x ScandiNova solid state modulators

50 MW1.5 s(Operated@45MW)

2x CPI klystrons

100 (90) MW1.5 s

468 MW(418 MW)150 ns

10 m, 7.5 active

x 10 accelerating structures@68.8MV/m (65MV/m)46.8MV (41.8MW) input power

Electron linac RF unit layout based on the existing (industrialized) RF sources (klystron and modulator)

TE01 900 bend

TE01 transfer line (RF=0.9)

Inline RF distribution network

Common vacuum network

410 kV, 1.6 s flat top

X 5.2

This unit should provide ~516 (488) MeV acceleration beam loading.Need 12 (12) RF units.Cost 51.7 a.u., 4% more than optimum

I. Syratchev,modified by me

Preliminary

D. Schulte, CERN, October 20139

GdA_HG2013_ICTP Trieste, June 3 - 6, 2013 10

X-band RF power plant

GdA_HG2013_ICTP Trieste, June 3 - 6, 2013 11

72 Cells

2 Coupl.

2 Regions for monitoring wakefields

Accelerating Structure

Parameter Value Units

Working frequency 11.992 GHz

Overall length 0.965 m

Active length 0.75 m

Iris diameter (average) 9.1 mm

Group velocity variation 1.6 - 3.7 %

Average grad. with 29 MW RF 40 MV/m

Filling time 100 ns

Pulse repetition rate 50 Hz

Structure type72 cells, CG, 5/6 ,no HOM damping

GdA_HG2013_ICTP Trieste, June 3 - 6, 2013 12

Beam Compression

Courtesy ofS. Di Mitri

Bunch temporal profiles with and without X-band

downstream BC1, using a TDC@300 MeV.

Analysis on 50 shots

X-band ONX-band OFF

300 A 600 A

GdA_HG2013_ICTP Trieste, June 3 - 6, 2013 13

C8 C9

K1 K4K3K2 K6K5 K7 K8 K9 K10 K11 K12 K13

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 S1S0BS0AG S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7

Kx

X-band

FERMI current layout and performance• Ebeam up to 1.5 GeV• FEL-1 at 80-10 nm and FEL-2 at 10-4 nm• Seeded schemes• Long e-beam pulse (up to 700 fs), with “fresh

bunch technique”

~50 m available

40 m (80%)available for acceleration

FEL-1 & FEL-2beamlines

Beam input energy≥ 750 MeV

X-band energy upgrade• Space available for acceleration 40 m• Accelerating gradient @12 GHz 60 MV/m• X-band linac energy gain 2.4 GeV • Injection energy .75 GeV• Linac output energy 3.15 GeV

Present layout and proposed energy upgrade

X-band linac extension

Beam for a new FEL beamlinel ≤ 1 nm

Operation withshort bunch (< 100 fs)

and low charge (< 100pC)

Small aperture linac, 2.4 GeV, 40mRF phase advance 2π/3a/lambda 0.118d/h 0.1Pt 322 MWLs 0.833 m# klystrons 8# structures 8 x 6 = 48a 2.95 mmd 0.833 mmvg/c 2.22 %tp 125 nsQe 20700

Constant Impedance Accelerating Structure with input power coupler only

P CRF load

Klystron

Pulse compressor

Hybrid

Middle aperture linac, 2.4 GeV, 40m

RF phase advance

2π/3 3π/4

a/lambda 0.145 0.145d/h 0.1313 0.1Pt 401 MW 401 MWLs 1 m 1 m# klystrons 10 10# structures 10 x 4 = 40 10 x 4 = 40a 3.62 mm 3.62 mmd 1.09 mm 0.937 mmvg/c 3.75 % 3.29%tp 90 ns 102 nsQe 18000 19000

Constant Impedance Accelerating Structure with input power coupler only

P CRF load

Klystron

Pulse compressor

Hybrid

Large aperture linac, 2.4 GeV, 40m

RF phase advance 5π/6a/lambda 0.195d/h 0.183Pt 602 MWLs 1.333 m# klystrons 15# structures 15 x 2 = 30a 4.87 mmd 1.90mmvg/c 4.425 %tp 101 nsQe 18500

Constant Impedance Accelerating Structure with input power coupler only

P C

RF load

Klystron

Pulse compressor

Hybrid

clic and xfel study group@sinap

Meng Zhang, Chao Feng, Qiang Gu

FEL parameters – the baselineParameters Value UnitWavelength 0.07 nm

Energy 6.0 GeVNormalized emittance

0.4 mm.mrad

Energy spread (sliced)

0.01 %

Peak current 3 kAPierce

parameter~2*10-4

Peak power 4 GWPeak

brightness>1*1032

3D gain length <4 mSaturation

length<80 m

• Achievable normalized emittance is used for few hundred pC beam.

• A permanent magnet in-vacuum undulator with 15mm period is used for the radiator

• The radiator length is less than 80m with the PMU and could be shorter with the cryo-PMU

1D tracking – schematic layout

Before BC2 After BC2 Linac exit

Injector exit Before BC1 After BC1

• Baseline configuration

• Compressing ratio = 12*8

• Double horn at the current profile and the none linear chirp at the energy profile are due to the x band linearizer and the wake from the TWS

Turkish FEL Projects and Proposals

Avni AKSOYAnkara University

Institute of Accelerator Technologies

• Turkish Accelerator and Radiation in Ankara (TARLA) Project• SASE FEL Proposal based on X-band accelerating structure

TARLA facility at Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University

n The institute which is only 2 years old is the first institute established as research in the fields of accelerators and related topics in Turkey

n TARLA project which is essentially one of the sub-project of national project Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) has been coordinated by Ankara University since 2006.

n TARLA facility belongs to Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University (located in Gölbaşı), and it is supported by Ministery of Development

Time table for XFEL The preparation phase, including

• the Conceptual Design Report (1 Year) • the Technical Design Report (~3-4 Years)

the development of the RF gun and a klystron and 12 GHz test stand;

the construction of the injector (~2 years) The construction of the X band acceleration section to 2.5 GeV (~2 ‐

years) the construction of the final stage of X band acceleration to 5 GeV. ‐

(~2 years) installation of undulator section(s) (~2 years)

Conclusion Turkey wants to fulfill the needs of accelerator and accelerator

based technology inside country and its region within next 20 years..

Therefore three different light source project/proposal within TAC scope is (going to be) supported step by step..• Oscillator FEL (TARLA) under construction• Synchrotron Radiation based on 3 GeV ring (TDR phase)• SASE FEL project based on 5 GeV linac (CDR phase)

The support of CERN will be a big step towards our goals We have a chanche to build SASE XFEL relatively cheaper by using

x band structures..‐