class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... ·...
Transcript of class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... ·...
![Page 1: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
class #14• clip of the day
• midterm on thurs.
• more figures
• the business plan: market opportunity & financials
• Thinking visually & making numbers meaningful
clip of the day
![Page 2: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Hans Rosling’s shortest TED talk ever given:
• midterm review wednesday, 3-4 +, 2/26, SMI 405
• 90 minutes--100 points
• use the study guide!
• skill questions: passive voice identifying & flipping, rewriting problem sentences, situation analysis, who/whom.
• concept questions: e.g., key phrase associated with ‘proactive’. review coursepack and slides.
• pto questions: ‘verbal abuse’, comma sutra, & ‘saying is believing’.
• presentation zen--especially stuff from class
![Page 3: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
figures of speech !
a little review
![Page 4: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
“I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.” ― Maya Angelou
The roman emperor forgot the most important rule of imperial rule: Either take
care of the army or the army will take care of you.
![Page 5: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
defining/redefining
i’m not a destroyer of companies; i’m a liberator of them (also antithesis) !if being a nerd means knowing what i’m talking about, then i’m a nerd.
![Page 6: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The point is, ladies and gentleman, that greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right; greed works. Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms: greed for life, for money, for love, for knowledge, has marked the upward surge of mankind.
metaphor, simile, analogy !x = y, when x is familiar and y is strange or surprising in a way that delivers an insight or a deeper understanding or a laugh.
![Page 7: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
computer is a bicycle for the mind
The result is one of those deals where one wrong decision early on blossoms into a lush nightmare of unintended consequences. We thought we were just letting a friend crash at the house for a few days; we ended up with a family of hillbillies who moved in forever, sleeping nine to a bed and building a meth lab on the front lawn. --Matt Taibbi in Rolling Stone on the Wall Street Bailouts
![Page 8: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we tap crude rhythms for bears to dance to, while we long to make music that will melt the stars. --Flaubert
Newest Seahawk Percy Harvin is suddenly Seattle's Most Interesting Man. To hear Pete Carroll and John Schneider tell it, Harvin put the first set of jeans on Smokey Bear, outwitted Steven Colbert and advised Pope Benedict it was time. !Much less one that was labeled in various media accounts as a head case, a time bomb, a diva and a serial remover of the "do-not-remove" tags on pillows during his four-year incarceration with the Minnesota Vikings. Those kinds of unkindnesses don't seem to have followed Seattle's Marshawn Lynch, Bruce Irvin or other alleged malcontents during Carroll's tenure. Carroll apparently lays hands upon them and the youngsters abruptly leap into a Norman Rockwell painting.
![Page 9: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
business plan
market opportunity
![Page 10: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
what is the crux?
energy center: why this? why now? how is it different?
![Page 11: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
everything you say should be proving to the investor: !people want it !nobody else is doing it in this market the way we are
student samples:
![Page 12: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
thinking visually
I’m on a mission to crash an ethos frame . . . !
the “slideument” frame:
![Page 13: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1
Board Executive Summary
• The lack of consistency between the budgets presented to the board and public and the budgets filed with OSPI masks excessive growth in Central Administration ― The Superintendent�s Proposed Operating budgets are inconsistent with the F-195 budget reports filed with OSPI ― The total amounts of the budgets are the same; categories within the budgets are substantively different. The 2008-09 budget
presented to SPS board lists �Core Administration� as composing 2.8% of the total operating budget, $15.3M, while the budget filed with OSPI reveals Central Administration as composing 8.1% of the total operating budget, $45.1M
― Many administrative costs (Supervision of Instruction, Supervision of Nutrition, Supervision of Transportation and Supervision of Buildings) have been assigned to other categories without explanation. All other districts examined report these costs as Central Administration
• SPS� Central Administration costs have increased steadily for a decade, despite declining enrollment ― Central administration FTEs have increased 48% since 1998. Enrollment in the same period has declined 7.5% ― Central Administration cost growth is 96% in the last decade, well out of line with growth in the overall operating budget and other
budget sectors ― Growth trend has not abated since State Auditor called attention to top-heavy administrative structure
• Seattle�s administrative burden compares unfavorably to other large districts in the state which are growing more efficient not less ― Other large districts now face similar demographic complexity & faster rates of change, but have curtailed administrative growth more
effectively than SPS ― Seattle�s Central Administration is large when compared with similarly-sized districts nationally as well
9
Central Staffing Growth
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
• The 2008 state auditor�s report highlighted administrative overstaffing as early as 2003-04 ― �SPS has 39% more executives, managers and supervisors per
student than the average.� – State Auditor�s Report, 2008 ― The report estimated that if unchecked, Central Administration
overstaffing would cost SPS $10.5M over five years
• SPS� response was that it faces unique challenges that justify higher levels of administrative staffing ― �[SPS] is unlike any other district reviewed… in terms of scale
and complexity.��– SPS�s response to the State Auditor�s report
― SPS�s response to the State Auditor also indicated that the Strategic Plan includes �the periodic evaluation of administrative staffing levels that is appropriate.�
― SPS stated that the Strategic Plan �includes strategies to strengthen our leadership and systems, with the expectation of future efficiency gains.�
• Central Administration staffing has increased since the State Auditor�s report ― Nearly 50 additional administrative staff have been added since
the period reviewed in the report
• Understanding how SPS compares to other districts may help inform what level of administrative staffing premium is justified
– Sources: OSPI F-195 Budget Reports and OSPI School Report Cards, 2003-04 through 2008-09, �Performance Audit Report: School District�s Administrative and Support Services: Edmonds, Evergreen, Federal Way, Kent, Lake Washington, Puyallup, Seattle, Spokane, Tacoma and Vancouver, Report No. 1000013.� Washington State Auditor, Brian Sonntag, September, 2008
Enrollment
Central Admin FTEs
Cumulative Change
(%)
Enrollment Growth v. Administrative Staff – 2000-01 to 2008-09 –
Central Administration FTEs
Enrollment
Classroom Teachers
308
44,731
2,841
395
42,551
2,675
17.4%
-5.1%
-4.3%
2000-01 2008-09 % Change
Central administration staff has continued to grow through enrollment declines and the state auditor�s report calling attention to overstaffing
Period reviewed in auditor�s report
![Page 14: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
3
Classification of Administrative Spending
Teaching Activities
Teaching Activities
Principal's Office
Principal's Office
Other Support Other Support
Teaching Support Teaching
Support
"Core" AdminCentral Admin
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Board Version OSPI Version
Categories in SPS proposed budgets are inconsistent with what has been filed with OSPI
2008-09 SPS Budget • OSPI budget reports show $30M more is being spent
on Central Administration than the board-presented budget suggests ― The two budgets come to the same total, $556M ― There were notable discrepancies in 3 areas of the budgets
presented to the SPS board vs. the budgets filed with OSPI. ― Teaching Support & Other Support are larger in the SPS
Proposed Budget than in the F-195 budget filed with OSPI ― �Core� Administration in the SPS Budget is significantly smaller
than Central Administration in the OSPI budget
• The disparity in the way administrative spending is accounted for clouds the financial picture ― �Core� Administration is not a category in OSPI budget filings
for any district in the state ― No other district examined reports substantively different
category numbers to OSPI than they present to the board and public
― SPS offered no explanation in the proposed operating budgets from 2006-07 through 2009-10 to clarify why budget categories differ from those filed with OSPI
― The current administration inherited the practice but has not produced a budget with greater clarity
Difference
Operating Budget
(%)
+$30M
- $25M
- $5M
--
--
$556M $556M
– Sources: OSPI F-195 Budget reports, Superintendent�s Proposed Operating Budgets for 2006-2007 through 2008-09
whatever you may think of my mission, remember this . . .
![Page 15: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
people cannot read and listen at the same time !
they just can’t
Nancy Duarte on preparing slides:
![Page 16: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
planning
first, figure out what you want to say !
(see coursepack p. 56)
![Page 17: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
use sticky notes, as Duarte suggests !
or. . .
just story board it
![Page 18: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
lay out the key points of your text to the right, and figure out how you want the
slide to help “deliver the insight” visually !
(see GR p. 87)
first, determine conceptually what you want to achieve with the slide
!(what image or chart or text would work
best here? sketch it out) !
![Page 19: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
then, figure out a way to do it
rule of thumb
![Page 20: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
one slide, one insight
![Page 21: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Signal /Noise
![Page 23: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
using text effectively
![Page 24: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
empty space
![Page 27: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
rule of thirds
![Page 28: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Rule of Thirds
![Page 30: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Contrast
![Page 32: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
20
100
160 150
285
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Widget Trends
Widget A
Widget B
Widget C
Widget D
Widget E
Contrast
20
100
160 150
285
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Widget Trends
Widget A
Widget B
Widget C
Widget D
Widget E
![Page 33: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
repetition
Contrast
![Page 34: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Contrast
brings a clear sense of unity, consistency, and cohesiveness
![Page 35: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
armada karaoke
business plan
![Page 36: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
crux of revenues and expenses
resistance frames
![Page 37: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
investor offering crux
resistance frames
![Page 38: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Money Talk
effective charts
![Page 39: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
‘picture superiority effect’
![Page 40: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
“...slides and other multimedia have more in common with cinema (images and narration) and comics (images and text) than they do with written documents.” GR, p. 135
0"
100"
200"
300"
400"
500"
600"
700"
800"
900"
1000"
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009"
Axis%Title%
Axis%Title%
Sales%
Widget"A"
Widget"B"
![Page 41: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
0"
100"
200"
300"
400"
500"
600"
700"
800"
900"
1000"
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009"
Axis%Title%
Axis%Title%
Sales%S,nk%
Widget"A"
Widget"B"
0"
50"
100"
150"
200"
250"
300"
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009"
Axis%Title%
Axis%Title%
Sales%Spiking%
Widget"A"
Widget"B"
![Page 42: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
0"
5"
10"
15"
20"
25"
30"
35"
40"
45"
ABC" DEF" GHI" JKL" MNO"
Profit&Margins&
0"
5"
10"
15"
20"
25"
30"
35"
40"
45"
ABC" DEF" GHI" JKL" MNO"
Profit&Margins&
![Page 43: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
0"
5"
10"
15"
20"
25"
30"
35"
40"
45"
JKL" DEF" ABC" MNO" GHI"
Profit&Margins&
Profit"Margins"
0"
5"
10"
15"
20"
25"
30"
35"
40"
45"
GHI" MNO" ABC" DEF" JKL"
Profit&Margins&
Profit"Margins"
![Page 44: class #14 - University of Washingtonfaculty.washington.edu/jwhelan/Documents/Slide PDFs/Day... · 2014-02-26 · Human speech is like a cracked kettle on which we ... during his four-year](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030820/5b332c497f8b9aed688cb91f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50"
GHI"
MNO"
ABC"
DEF"
JKL"
Profit&Margins&
Profit"Margins"
effective charts
• summary: expository tool--tables do this, too
• picture superiority: tells a visual story
• punchline: emphasizes a key insight
• simplicity: makes it easy for audience to grasp in an instant