Gaelic-English Morphological IndexClàr-amais Morf-eòlach Gàidhlig-Beurla

Abbreviations — Giorrachaidhean

a adjective buadhaira phr adjectival phrase abairt bhuadhaireachAr Arabic AraibisC Celtic Ceiltiscf. compare coimeas riCrn Cornish CòrnaisFr French FraingisE English BeurlaEG Early Gaelic Gàidhlig ThràthailEModG Early Modern Gaelic Nuadh-Gàidhlig ThràthailG (Scots) Gaelic Gàidhliggen (in) genitive ginideach, sa ghinideachGer German GearmailtisGk Greek GrèigisHeb Hebrew EabhraHin Hindi Indig

IG Irish Gaelic Gàidhlig ÈireannachIt Italian EadailtisLat Latin Laideannmod modifier mion-atharraichen noun ainmearn phr nounal phrase abairt ainmearachON Old Norse Seann Lochlannaispl plural iomarrapr n proper noun ainmear dìleasRuss Russian RùisisSkr Sanskrit SansgraitSp Spanish Spàinnisv verb gnìomhairv phr verbal phrase abairt ghnìomhaireachW Welsh Cuimris< “derived from” “air a bhunachadh bho”

A

{a-} (cf. E a- an- < Gk)airiosatonach a arhyzotonic aaisimeadrach a asymmetrical aaisimeadrachd n asymmetry naisindeatach a asyndetic aaisindeaton n asyndeton n

{à-}, see {às-}{ab-}, {aib-} (cf. E ab- < Lat)

abductach a abductive aabductadh n abduction naibeiseach n abessive naibeiseach a abessive aablabht n ablaut nablatach n ablative nablatach a ablative a

{abairt} (G)abairt n phrase n

abairt ainmearach n phr noun phrase n phrabairt ghnìomhaireach n phr

verbal phrase n phrabairt thomhais n phr measure phrase n phrcomharra abairte n phr phrase marker n phrstructar abairt n phr phrase structure n phr

abairteach a phrasal aholabairt n holophrase n

{Abchas} (cf. E Abkhaz)Abchas pr n Abkhaz pr n

{àbhachd-} (G)àbhachdach a humorous a

{absalaid} (cf. E. absolute, IG absalóideach, < Lat)absalaideach n absolutive nabsalaideach a absolute aabsalaideach a absolutive a

{Acàid-} (cf. E Akkad-ian)Acàidis pr n Akkadian pr n

{acra-} (cf. E acro- < Gk)acrachainnt n acrolect nacranaim n acronym n

{ad-}, {aid-}, {a} (cf. E ad-, al- < Lat)adstratam n adstratum naideiseach n adessive naideiseach a adessive aalatach n allative nalatach n allative n

{adhart} (G)adhartach n progressive nadhartach a progressive a

{adhbhar} (G)adhbharach a causative aadhbharachadh neo-eisimeileach n phr

independent motivation n phradhbharail a causal aadhbharrach n material nco-adhbhar n constituent nco-adhbharachd n constituency n

{afàise} (cf. E aphasia, IG afáise, < Gk)afàise n aphasia n

{Afraga} (cf. E Africa)Afragànais pr n Afrikaans pr nAfra-Àisianach a Afro-Asiatic acànain Afraganach n phr African languages n

{aghaidh} (G)co-aghaidheach a adversative adearbh-aghaidh n opposite n

{àibheis} (G)àibheiseachadh n hyperbole n

{aibidil} (G)aibidil n alphabet naibidileach n alphabetical n

{aiceann} (cf. IG aiceann)aiceann n accent n

aiceann àirde-fuaime n phr pitch accent n phraiceann bheuma n phr stress accent n phraiceann cùl-thilgte n phr recessive accent n phrcuir aiceann air v phr accentuate vle aiceann a phr accented a

aiceannachadh n accentuation n{àiche-} (G)

àicheach n negative nàicheachd n negation nàicheadair n negator nàicheamhas n litotes nàicheil a negative a

pòlaras àicheil n phr negative polarity n phrco-àicheil a contradictory atar-àicheidh v negate n

{Aichin} (cf. E Achin-ese)Aichinis pr n Achinese pr n

{aicseam} (cf. E axiom, IG aicsíom)aicseam n axiom n

{aifeiris} (cf. E aphaeresis < Gk)aifeiris n aphaeresis n

{aifeise} (cf. E aphesis < Gk)aifeise n aphesis n

1

aifeiseach a aphetic n{aifricead} (cf. E affricate, IG aifricéad)

aifricead n affricate naifriceadach a affricate a

{ailbheal-} (cf. E alveol- < Lat)ailbhealach a alveolar aailbheal-phalatach a alveolo-palatal aapaice-ailbhealach a apico-alveolar afiacla-ailbhealach a denti-alveolar aiar-ailbhealach a post-alveolar aliagh-ailbhealach n lamino-alveolar nliagh-ailbhealach a lamino-alveolar a

{Ailiut-} (cf. E Aleut)Eisgimis-Ailiutais a Eskimo-Aleut a

{aimbe-} (cf. E ambi- < Lat)aimbe-chànanach n ambilingual naimbe-chànanach a ambilingual aaimbe-lideach a ambisyllabic a

{aimsir} (G)gnìomhair aimsire n phr weather verb n phrnuadh-aimsireil modern ntar-aimsireil a longitudinal a

{ainm} (G)ainm n term nainm-àite n place-name nainmeachas n nominalism nclàr ainmean n phr nomenclature ngeàrr-ainm n acronym nmeas-ainm n hypocorism nmeas-ainmeach a hypocoristic n{ainm-ear}ainmear n noun n

ainmear àireamhach n phr numerical noun n phrainmear dìleas n phr proper noun n phrainmear eas-chruthach n phr abstract noun n phrainmear gnàthach n phr appellative nainmear gnàthach n phr common noun n phrainmear gnìomha n phr action noun n phrainmear gnìomhaireach n phr

verbal noun n phrainmear obraiche n phr agent noun n phrainmear sònrachaidh n phr proper noun n phrclas ainmear n phr noun class n phrseòrsachadh ainmear n phr noun classification n phr

ainmearach n nominal nainmearach a nominal aainmearach a nounal a

abairt ainmearach n phr noun phrase n phrclàsa ainmearach n phr noun clause n phr

ainmearachadh n nominalisation nco-ainmear n adnominal nco-ainmearach a adnominal adì-ainmearach a denominal ameall-ainmear n mass noun n{ainm-n-}ainmneach n nominative nainmneach a nominative a

{air} (G)air fhaighinn a phr acquired asleamhnan-air n on-glide n

{airci-} (cf. E archi- < Gk)airci-fòineim n archiphoneme nairci-leicseim n archilexeme n

{àird} (G)àirde fhuaimreig n phr vowel height n phràird-fhuaime n pitch n

{àireamh} (G)àireamh n number nàireamh n numeral n

àireamh àrdail n phr cardinal numeral n phràireamh dheise n phr dual number n phràireamh iomarra n phr plural number n phràireamh òrdail n phr ordinal numeral n phràireamh shingilte n phr singular number n phr

àireamhach a numerical aainmear àireamhach n phr numerical noun n phr

àireamhail a numerical aàs-àireimh n gen exclusive a

buan-àireamh n constant nbuan-àireamh lòidsigeach n phr

logical constant n phrco-àireamh n inclusion nco-àireimh n gen inclusive adà-àireimh n gen binary adà-àireimheachd n binarism n

{Airmèin} (cf. E Armen-ian)Airmèinis pr n Armenian pr n

{airse} (cf. E arsis < Gk)airse n arsis n

{ais} (G)ais-cheumnach a regressive aais-ghluaiste a retracted aais-lùbaidh a retroflex aais-lùbte a retroflected aais-riochdachadh n back-formation nais-sioftadh n back-shifting n

{Aiseir-} (cf. E Azeri)Aiseiris pr n Azerbaijani pr n, Azeri pr n

{Àisia} (cf. E Asia)Afra-Àisianach a Afro-Asiatic aAstra-Àisianach a Austro-Asiatic a

{aisig}, {aiseag} (G)aiseag n transmission naisigeach n transitive naisigeach a transitive aaisigiche n transitiviser naon-aisigeach a monotransitive adà-aisigeach a ditransitive aneo-aisigeach n intransitive nneo-aisigeach a intransitive a

roimhear neo-aisigeach n phrintransitive preposition n phr

neo-aisigiche n intransitiviser n{aisneis} (G)

aisneis n predicate naisneis aon-àite n phr one-place predicate n phr

aisneiseach a predicate modaisneiseach a predicative aaisneiseachadh n predication naisneisiche n predicator nfo-aisneis n sub-predicate n

{aiste} (G)aiste n composition naiste n essay n

{aisteit-} (G) (cf. E aesthet-, IG aestéit-, < Gk)aisteiteach a aesthetic aaisteitig n aesthetics n

{àite} (G)ainm-àite n place-name nàite n place n

àiteachan suidheachaidh n phrprivilege of occurrence n phr

àite altachaidh n phr place of articulation n phràite-gabhalach a replacive aaon-àite a one-place a

aisneis aon-àite n phr one-place predicate n phr{aithghearr} (G)

aithghearr a immediate a{aithne} (G)

ciall aithnichte acceptation n{àithne} (G)

àithne n command nàithneach n imperative nàithneach a imperative aco-àithneach n jussive nco-àithneach a jussive a

{aithris} (G)aithris n recitation nàs-aithris n quotation nàs-aithris v quote vath-aithris n repeat nath-aithris v repeat vàs-aithriseach n quotative nàs-aithriseach a quotative abeul-aithris n folklore nbuaidh-aithris n attribution n

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2

buaidh-aithriseach a attributive afacal buaidh-aithriseach n phr

attribute ncainnt air aithris n phr reported speech n phrroi-aithriseach a predictive asamhl-aithris n allegory nsamhl-aithriseach a allegorical n

{Aktionsart} (Ger)Aktionsart n Aktionsart n

{ala-} (cf. E allo- < Gk)alamorf n allomorph nalamorfachd n allomorphy nalafon n allophone nalafonach a allophonic a

{Alastair} (G)Alastraineach n Alexandrine nAlastraineach a Alexandrine a

{Alba} (G)Beurla na h-Alba pr n Scots pr nGàidhlig Albannach pr n Scottish Gaelic pr n

{Albàinia} (cf. E Albania)Albàinis pr n Albanian pr n

{algairim} (cf. E algorithm < Ar)algairim n algorithm n

{Algoinc-} (cf. E Algonquian)Algoincis pr n Algonquian pr n

{allegro} (cf. E allegro < It)riochd allegro n phr allegro form n phr

{alt} (G)alt n article naltachadh n articulation n

àite altachaidh n phr place of articulation n phraltachail a articulatory aaltaich v articulate valtaiche n articulator nco-altachadh n co-articulation nheitre-altaichte a heterorganic ahoma-altaichte a homorganic a

{amal-} (G)amalach n obstruent n

{Amar-} (cf. E Amhar-)Amaraig pr n Amharic pr n

{amas} (G)amais n gen final a

cànan amais n phr target language n phrclàsa amais n phr final clause n phr

neach-amais n addressee n{amas} (cf. IG amas)

amas n assonance ndèan amas assonate v

{Ameir-} (cf. E Amer-)Ameirinnseanach a Amerindian a

{an-}, {ain} (G; and also cf E anti- < Gk)ain-eirmseachd n malapropism nainteis n antithesis nanchoimeas n antithesis nan-chruthach a ill-formed aan-fhulangach n antipassive nan-fhulangach a antipassive a

{ana-} (G)anabarras n redundancy n

{anacolut} (cf. E anacoluthon < Gk)anacolut n anacoluthon n

{anacruis} (cf. E anacrusis < Gk)anacruis n anacrusis n

{anafor} (cf. E anaphor < Gk)anafor n anaphor nanafora n anaphora nanaforach a anaphor a

{anail}, {anal} (G)anailich v aspirate vanalachadh n aspiration nanalachadh n breathing nanalaichte n aspirate nanalaichte a aspirated aàs-analach a expiratory aiar-analachadh n post-aspiration nneo-anailichte a unaspirated a

roi-anailich v preaspirate vroi-anailichte a preaspirated aroi-analachadh n preaspiration n

{anailis} (cf. E analysis, IG anailís, < Gk)anailis n analysis n

anailis cho-fhillteantach n phr componential analysis n phranailis chonaltraidh n phr discourse analysis n phrdèan anailis air analyse v

anailiseach a analytic nanailisich v analyse vath-anailis n reanalysis nmeat-anailis n metanalysis n

{-anaim}, {-naim} (cf. E -onym, -nym, < Gk)acranaim n acronym nantanaim n antonym nantanaimidh n antonymy nantrapanaim n anthroponym neipeanaim n eponym neipeanaimeach a eponymous ahiodranaim n hydronym nhiopanaim n hyponym nhiopanaimidh n hyponymy nhipearnaim n hypernym nhipearnaimidh n hypernymy nhomanaim n homonym nhomanaimidh n homonymy nmearanaim n meronym nmeatanaim n metonym nmearanaimidh n meronymy nmeatanaimeach a metonymic ameatanaimidh n metonymy nparanaim n paronym nparanaimeach a paronymic apatranaim n patronymic nsionanaim n synonym nsionanaimeach a synonymous asionanaimidh n synonymy nsònaim n zoonym ntopanaim n toponym ntopanaimeach a toponymic ntopanaimidh n toponymy n

{anaipeist} (cf. E anapaest, IG anaipéist < Gk)anaipeist n anapaest n

{anaiptig} (cf. E anaptyxis < Gk)anaiptig n anaptyxis n

{analaig} (cf E analogy < Gk)analaigeach a analogical aanalaigidh n analogy n

{anastroif} (cf. E anastrophe < Gk)anastroif n anastrophe n

{Anatòil-} (cf. E Anatol- )Anatòilis f Anatolian n

{Angla-} (cf. E Anglo-)Angla-Fhreaslainnis pr n Anglo-Frisian pr n

{anta-} (cf, E ant-, IG anta-, ainte-, < Gk)antanaim n antonym nantanaimidh n antonymy nantanomaidh n antinomy n

{antrap-} (cf. E anthro-, IG antraip- < Gk)antrapanaim n anthroponym nantrap-eòlach a anthropological aantrap-eòlas n anthropology n

{ao-}, {eu-} (G)ao-ceangal n anacoluthon nao-riochd n aorist nao-riochda a aorist aeugmhais a default a

{aogas} (G)aogas n aspect naogasail n aspectual ngnè aogasail n phr Aktionsart n

{aoghair} (G)aoghaireach a pastoral a

dàn aoghaireach n phr pastoral poem n phr{aoir} (G)

aoir n satire naoir v satirise vaoireil a satirical a

3

{aom} (G)às-aomadh n divergence nco-aomadh n convergence nmeadhan-aomach a centripetal a

{aon} (G)aonad n unit naonadh n union naon-aisigeach a monotransitive aaon-àite a one-place a

aisneis aon-àite n phr one-place predicate n phraona-lide a monosyllable aaona-lideach a monosyllabic aaon-chànanach n monolingual naon-chànanach a monolingual aaon-dealbhachdaireil a uniformitarian a

prionnsabal aon-dealbhachdaireil n phruniformitarian principle n phr

aon-fhoghar n monophthong naon-ghnèitheach a homogeneous aaon-seaghach a univocal aaon-seimeach a polysemous aaon-seimidh n polysemy naon-siostamach a monosystemic aaon-stratach a monostratal aaontach a affirmative aaon-tachartach a semelfactive aaon-taobhach a unilateral aaon-vàlantach a monovalent aco-aonadh n unification nco-aontas n agreement nco-aontas n concord nin-aonachadh n integration n{aon-ar}òraid aonair n phr soliloquy n

{aotrom} (G)aotrom a light a

{apacoip} (cf. E apocope < Gk)apacoip n apocope n

{apadois} (cf. E apodosis < Gk)apadois n apodosis n

{apaic-} (cf. E apic-al < Lat)apaiceach a apical aapaice-ailbhealach a apico-alveolar afo-apaiceach a sub-apical a

{apaire} (cf. E aporia < Gk)apaire f aporia n

{apaisipeis} (cf. E aposiopesis < Gk)apaisipeis n aposiopesis n

{apastroif} (cf. E apostrophe, IG apastróf < Gk)apastroif n apostrophe n

{Araib-} (cf. E Arab-ia, IG Araib-)Araibis pr n Arabic pr n

{àrainn} (G)àrainneachd n environment n

{Arama-} (cf. E Arama-ic)Aramais pr n Aramaic pr n

{àrd}, {àird} (G)àireamh àrdail n phr cardinal number n phràrd a high aàrdachadh n raising n

gnìomhair àrdachaidh n phr raising verb n phrceum-àrdachadh n promotion n

{argumaid} (G)argumaid n argument n

{àrman-} (cf. E harmon-y, IG armóin)àrmanach a harmonic a

{àrsaidh} (G)àrsaidh a archaic afacal àrsaidh n phr archaism n

{artaigeal} (cf. E article)artaigeal n article n

{às} (G)às-àireimh a exclusive aàs-aithris n quotation nàs-aithriseach n quotative nàs-aithriseach a quotative aàs-analach a expiratory aàs-aomadh n divergence n

às-cheantrach a exocentric aàs-chleachdach a obsolescent aàs-chleachdte a obsolete aàs-dubhadh n deletion n

puing às-dubhaidh n phr punctum delens n phràs-imeachail a egressive aàs-leudachaidh a extensive aàs-mheadrachail a extrametrical aàs-suidheachadh n extraposition nàs-solar n output nàs-tarraing n extraction nàs-tilgeil a ejective aàs-tuislidh a caducous acuir-às-leth ascriptive a

{Asam-} (cf. E Assam-ese)Asaimis pr n Assamese pr n

{asgair} (G)asgair n apostrophe

{astar} (G)fad-astarach a long-distance a

{Astra-} (cf. E Austro-)Astra-Àisianach a Austro-Asiatic a

{Astràilia} (G)Astràilianach a Australian a

{Astrainèisia} (cf. E Austronesia)Astrainèisianach a Austronesian a

{at} (G)atachadh n expansion nco-atachaidh n gen expletive a

{ath} (G)aithghearr a immediate aath-aithris n repeat nath-aithris v repeat vath-anailis n reanalysis nath-bhreacach a reduplicative a

co-fhilleadh ath-bhreacach n phrreduplicative compound n phr

ath-bhreacachadh n reduplication nath-bhreacaich v reduplicate vath-bhreacaichte a reduplicated aath-bhriathrachas n tautology nath-dhèan v reconstruct vath-dhèante a reconstructed aath-fhillteach n reflexive nath-fhillteach a reflexive aath-fhillteachas n reflexivisation nath-fhillteachd n reflexivity nath-fhuaimneach a resonant aath-fhuaimneachas n resonance nath-leicseachadh n relexification nath-riochdachadh n copying nath-sgrìobhadh n

riaghailt ath-sgrìobhaidh n phrrewrite rule n phr

ath-shònach n resonant nath-shònach a resonant aath-structaradh n restructuring nath-thachartach a recurrent aath-thachartasach a recursive aath-thòiseachail a resumptive aso-ath-chosnaidh n gen recoverability mod

cumha sho-ath-chosnaidh n phrrecoverability condition n

{atharra-} (G)atharrachadh n change natharrachaidh-cèille a meaning-changing aatharrachaidh-fuaim n sound-change n

atharrachadh-fuaim spontaineach n phrspontaneous sound-change n phr

atharrachadh-fuaim sporadach n phrsporadic sound-change n phr

do-atharrachaidh a irreversible ado-atharraichte a invariant aiar-mhion-atharraiche n postmodifier nmion-atharraich v modify vmion-atharraiche n modifier nmion-atharrachadh n modification nneo-atharrachail a invariable a

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4

roi-atharraiche n premodifier ntar-atharrachadh n transition ntar-atharrachail a transitional a

{atharrais} (G)atharrais n imitation natharrais n repetition natharrais v imitate vatharrais v repeat vatharraiseach a mimetic aatharraiseachd n mimesis ndeir-atharrais n epistrophe niom-atharrais n reiteration niom-atharraiseach a iterative a

{atlas} (cf. E atlas)atlas dualchainnt n phr dialect atlas n phr

B

{bahuvrihi} (Skr)bahuvrihi n bahuvrihi n

{bàir} (G)bàir n goal n

{balbh} (G)eòlas balbh n phr tacit knowledge n phr

{Bàlcan} (cf. E Balkan)Bàlcanach a Balkan a

{ball} (G)ball-chomharra n token nball-smachda n control nbuill a’ ghutha n phr vocal organs n phr

{banais} (G)duan-bainnse n epithalamium n

{Bantu} (cf. E Bantu)Bantuthach a Bantu a

{baoth} (G)baoth-labhairt n solecism n

{barail} (G)barailich v hypothesise vbaralach a hypothetical aroi-bharail n presumption, presupposition, n

{baraton} (cf. E barytone < Gk)baraton n barytone n

{bàrd} (G)bàrd n poet nbàrdachd n poem nbàrdail a poetic abàrdachd n poetry nbàrdachd n verse n

bàrdachd nan sgoil n bardic poetry n phrbàrdachd-sgeòil n narrative poetry n phr

beannachadh-bàird n epithalamium neòlas-bàrdachd n poetics n

{bàrr}, {barr-} (G)anabarras n redundancy nbàrr n tip n

{bàs} (G)bàs cànain n phr language death n phr

{Basg} (cf. E Basque)Basgais pr n Basque pr n

{bàth} (G)air a bhàthadh elided abàth v elide vbàthadh n elision nroi-bhàthadh n prodelision n

{beachd} (G)beachdachadh n discussion nbeachdair n observer n

paradacs a’ bheachdair n phr observer’s paradox n phrbun-bheachd n concept nbun-bheachdail a conceptual ageall-bheachd n commitment nroi-bheachdach n prospective nroi-bheachdach a prospective a

{beag} (G)ceann-litir bheag n phr small capital n phr

litir chèise-bige n phr lower-case letter{Beangàil} (cf. E Bengal)

Beangàilis pr n Bengali pr n{beannaich} (G)

beannachadh-bàird n epithalamium n{beàrn} (G)

beàrn parasaiteach n phr parasitic gap n phrbeàrnach a

gleus-cainnte beàrnach n phr gapping nbeàrnadh n ellipsis n

{bearr-}, {beàrr} (G)bearradh n clipping n

{beo-}, {beò} (G)beodha a animate abeodhas n animacy n

{beul}beòil n gen oral abeul-aithris n folklore nbeulas n orality nbeul-fharaingeach a oropharyngeal abeul-oideas n folklore ncainnt-bheòil n gen oral aslighe bheòil n phr oral tract n phr{beul-aibh}cuir chon bheulaibh v phr front vfuaimreag bheulaibh n phr front vowel

{beum} (G)aiceann beuma n phr stress accent n phrcòmhlan beumannan n phr stress group n phrbeum n stress n

cuir beum air v phr stress vle beum stressed a

beum as lugha n phr lesser stress n phrbeum seantansach n phr sentence stress n phrbeum-thìmichte a stress-timed adàrnacha beum n phr secondary stress n phrgun bheum unstressed aprìomh bheum n phr main stress n phr

{Beurla}, {beurla} (G)Beurla pr n English pr nbeurla reagar n phr slang nBeurla na h-Alba pr n Scots pr nBeurla na h-Èireann pr n Hiberno-English pr ncuir an riochd Beurla anglicise vluchd na Beurla Anglophone aSeann Bheurla pr n Old English pr n

{bior}camagan biorach n phr angled brackets n phr

{blas} (G)blas n accent n

{bleith} (G)bleith n erosion n

{blian} (G)blianadh n bleaching n

{bodhaig} (G)cànan bodhaig n phr body language n phrgluasad-bodhaig n gesture n

{bog} (G)bog a lax abog a soft a

glainean bog n phr soft palate n phr{boireann} (G)

boireanta a feminine a{bonn} (G)

bonn-suas a bottom-up a{borb} (G)

borb-ràdh n barbarism n{breac} (G)

ath-bhreacach a reduplicative aco-fhilleadh ath-bhreacach n phr

reduplicative compound n phrath-bhreacachadh n reduplication nath-bhreacaich v reduplicate vath-bhreacaichte a reduplicated a

{Breatann}Breatnais pr n Breton pr n

{breath} (G)breath n layering n

5

co-bhreath n tier nco-bhreath theasganach n phr

segmental tier n phr{breith} (G)

claon-bhreith n bias n{breug} (G)

breug- pseudo-breugan n dummy nbreug-sgoilteach n pseudo-cleft n

{briathar} (G)ath-bhriathrachas n tautology nbriathar n term n

briathar cumhang n phr narrow term n phrbriathar gnè n phr species term n phrbriathar leathan n phr broad term n phrbriathar lochdach n phr deprecated term n phr

briathar-eòlaiche n terminologist nbriathar-eòlas n terminologist nbriathrachas n language nbriathrachas n terminology nbriathrachas n vocabulary nbriathradair n glossary, vocabulary, n

{brìgh} (G)brìgh n meaning nbrìgh n significance nbrìoghmhor a meaningful abun-bhrìgh n purport nco-bhrìgheach n equvalent aco-bhrìgheach a equvalent ngun bhrìgh a phr meaningless a

{bris} (G)briseadh n breaking ngrad-bhriste a abrupt a

{Britton} (< C *Brittones)Brittonach a Brittonic a

{brod} (G)brodachadh n stimulation nbrodadh n stimulus n

modail bhrodaidh-fhreagraidh n phrstimulus-response model n phr

{bruidhinn} (G)bruidhinn n speech nneach-bruidhne dùthchasach n phr

native speaker n phr{buachaill} (G)

buachailleach a bucolic a{buadh}, {buaidh} (G)

buadhair n adjective nbuadhaireach n adjectival nbuadhaireach a adjectival abuaidh-aithris n attribution nbuaidh-aithriseach a attributive a

facal buaidh-aithriseach n phrattribute n

buaidh-fhacal n epithet n{buail}, {bual-} (G)

buailteachas n tendency noibseig bhuailte n phr affected object n phr

{buan} (G)buanachadh n perseveration nbuanachail a perseverative abuan-àireamh n constant n

buan-àireamh lòidsigeach n phrlogical constant n phr

buan-sheasmhach n constant abuan-sheasmhach a constant a

{buille} (G)buille n beat nceithir-bhuilleach a quadruple adà-bhuilleach a duple a

{Bulgàir-} (cf. E Bulgar-ian)Bulgàiris pr n Bulgarian pr n

{bun} (G)bun n derivation nbun n source nbun- a basic abuna n gen source modbunach a radical a

bunach a source modbunachadh n derivation nbunachail a derivational abunaich v derive vbunaiteach a basicbunasach n fundamental nbunasach a fundamental abunasach a radical a

fuaimreag bhunasach n phr cardinal vowel n phrbun-bheachd n concept nbun-bheachdail a conceptual abun-bhrìgh n purport nbun-fhuaimreag n cardinal vowel n phrbun-innse n basic version n phrbun-ìre n positive degree n phrbun-ràdh n maxim nbun-riochd n base n

neo-bhun-riochd n non-base nbun-smuain n concept nbun-tomhas n standard nbun-tomhasach a standard abun-tomhasachadh n standardisation n{bun-t-}buntainneach a relevant abuntainneas n relevance nneo-bhuntainneach a irrelevant aneo-bhuntainneas n irrelevance n

{Bùrma} (cf. E Burma)Bùrmais pr n Burmese pr n

C

{Cacàis-} (cf. E Caucasus)Cacàiseanach a Caucasian a

{caesar} (cf. E caesura, IG caesúr)caesar n caesura n

{cagar} (G)cagar n whisper ncagarach a whispery a

guth cagarach n phr whispery voice n phr{càil} (G; but cf. E qual-ity)

càilidheachd n quality ncàilidheachd fhuaimreig n phr

vowel quality n phru-chàilidheachd n u-quality n

càilidheachdail a qualitative acàilidheach a qualifying acàilidhich v qualify vcàilidhiche n qualifier ncàilidhichte a qualified a

{cailc} (cf. E calque < Fr)cailc n calque n

{cainn-}, {cant-} (cf. E quant-ity, IG cainn-íocht)cainnidheach a quantifying acainnidheachadh n quantification ncainnidheachd n quantity ncainnidheachdail a quantitative acainnidhich v quantify vcainnidhiche n quantifier ncainnidhichte a quantified acantail a quantal a

{cainnt} (G)acrachainnt n acrolect ncàinnt n language ncàinnt n speech ncainnt air aithris n phr reported speech n phrcainnt àrsaidh n phr archaism ncainnt-bheòil n speech ncainnt-bheòil n gen oral acainnt-chluich n paronomasia, pun, ncainnt-lann n language laboratory n phrcainnt-leanaibh n baby-talk ncainnt luath n phr rapid speech n phrcleachdadh-cainnte n language practice n phrcoimhearsnachd chainnte n phr speech community n phr

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6

dà-dhualchainnteach a bidialectal adroch cainnt n phr bad language n phrdualchainnt n dialect n

atlas dualchainnt n phr dialect atlas n phreadar-leantalas dualchainnt n phr

dialect continuum n phrdualchainnte n gen dialectical adualchainnteach a dialectical a

cruinn-eòlas dualchainnteach n phrdialect geography n phr

dualchainnt-eòlais n dialectology neilean-cainnte n speech island n phrgleus-cainnte n construction ngleus-cainnte beàrnach n phr gapping ngnàthas-cainnt n idiom ngnìomh-cainnte n speech act n phrioma-chainnteach a polylectal aìseal-chainnt n basilect nleitheas-chainnt n idiolect nleitheas-chainnteach a idiolectal ameadhan-chainnt n mesolect nmearachd chainnte n phr speech error n phrmìr-cainnte n part of speech n phrmith-chainnte n gen colloquial a

modh mith-chainnte colloquialism nmith-fhacal n colloquialism nuile-chainnteach a panlectal a

{càirean} (G)càireanach a gingival n

{caith} (G)caithte a past acaithte roi-shuidhichte a phr past anterior a phrrann-gabhail caithte n phr past participle n phr

{calcalas} (cf. E calculus, IG calcalas, < Lat)calcalas n calculus n

{cam} (G)camag n bracket n

camagan biorach n phr angled brackets n phrcamagan ceàrnach n phr square brackets n phrcamagan comharraichte n phr

labelled bracketing n phrcamagan cruinne n phr round brackets n phr

{cànan} (G)cànan n language n

bàs cànain n phr language death n phrcànain Afraganach n phr African languages ndàrna cànan n phr second language n phrdealbhachadh cànain n phr language planning neòlaiche-cànain n philologist neòlas-cànain n philology nfèin-mhort cànain n phr language suicide n phrìre chànain n phr register nobair-lann cànain n phr language laboratory n phrmort cànain n phr language murder n phrsìc-eòlas cànain n phr language psychology n phrsiostam cànain n phr language system n phr

cànan amais n phr target language n phrcànan bodhaig n phr body language n phrcànan co-dhealbhach n phr configurational language n phrcànan cuingealaichte n phr restricted language n phrcànan dualchasach n phr vernacular ncànan dùthchasach n phr native language n phrcànan gnìomhach n phr active language n phrcànan GOS n phr VOS language n phrcànan GSO n phr VSO language n phrcànan in-chorpachaidh n phr incorporating language n phrcànan innealta n phr artificial language n phrcànan in-sònraichte n phr language isolate n phrcànan malairt n phr trade language n phrcànan measgaichte n phr mixed language n phrcànan na Gàidhlig n phr Gaelic language n phrcànan nàiseanta n phr national language n phrcànan neo-cho-dhealbhach n phr

non-configurational language n phrcànan oifigeil n phr official language n phrcànan OG n phr OV language n phrcànan OGS n phr OVS language n phrcànan OSG n phr OSV language n phr

cànan pàrantach n phr parent language n phrcànan shoighnichean n phr sign language n phrcànan-shònraichte a language specific a phrcànan sinnsireil n phr ancestor language n phrcànan SGO n phr SVO language n phrcànan SOG n phr SOV language n phringhean-chànan n daughter language n phrmeata-chànan n metalanguage n

para-chànan n paralanguage npròta-chànan n protolanguage nteaghlach-cànain n language family n phr

piuthar-chànan n sister language n phr{cànan-ach}aimbe-chànanach n ambilingual naimbe-chànanach a ambilingual aaon-chànanach n monolingual naon-chànanach a monolingual acànanach a linguistic a

iomagain chànanach n phr linguistic insecurity n phrpalae-ointeòlas cànanach n phr

linguistic palaeontology n phrcànanaiche n linguist ndà-chànanach a bilingual aioma-chànanach a multilingual ameata-chànanach a metalinguistic aneo-chànanach a non-linguistic aroi-chànanach a prelinguistic asòise-chànanach a sociolinguistic a{cànan-ach-ail}tar-chànanachail a cross-linguistic a{cànan-ach-as}cànanachas n linguistics ncànanachas ceàrnaidheil n phr areal linguistics n phrcànanachas eachdraidheil n phr

historical linguistics n phrcànanachas gnìomhaichte n phr

applied linguistics n phrneòra-chànanachas n neurolinguistics nsòise-chànanachas n sociolinguistics n{cànan-as}dà-chànanas a bilingualism n

dà-chànanas cuir-ris n phr additive bilingualism n phrdà-chànanas subtraicseach n phr

subtractive bilingualism n phrioma-chànanais n gen multi-language a

{canan-} (cf. E canon-ic-al)cananach a canonical n

{caochail} (G)caochlach n variant n

caochlaich chothlamach n phrcombinatory variants n phr

caochlaideach n variable ncaochlaideach a variable acaochlaideachd n variation n

{caol} (G)caol a exiguous acaol a narrow acaol a slender a

fuaimreag chaol n phr narrow vowel n phrtar-sgrìobhadh caol n phr narrow transcription n phr

suathach caol-eagach n phr groove, rill, fricative n phrcaolachadh n slenderisation ncaolaich v slenderise vcaolaichte a slenderised a

{caomh} (G)caomh-ràdh n euphemism n

{car} (G)car-fhacal n pun n

{caraid}, {càird-} (G)càirdeach a cognate a

{càraid} (G)càraideach a geminate acàraideachadh n gemination ncàraidichte a geminated adì-chàraideachadh n degemination n

{càr-} (G)co-chàradh n syntax nco-chàrail a syntactic a

7

morfa-cho-chàrail a morphosyntactic aeadar-chàradh n metathesis n

{càrn} (G)càrnach a cumulative acàrnadh n cumulation n

{casg} (G)casg n blocking ncasgach n prohibitive ncasgach a prohibitive a

{catafor} (cf. E cataphor < Gk)catafor n cataphor ncatafora n cataphora ncataforach a cataphoric a

{catagar-} (cf. E categor-y)catagarachadh n categorisation ncatagaraidh n category ncatagarail a categorial a

gràmar catagarail n phr categorial grammar n phrcatagarach a categorical a

riaghailt catagarach n phr categorical rule n phrfo-chatagarachadh n subcategorisation nfo-chatagaraidh n subcategory ntar-chatagarachd n cross-categorisation n

{cataicreis} (cf. E catachresis < Gk)cataicreis n catachresis n

{Catalan} (cf. E Catalan)Catalainis pr n Catalan pr n

{cataileis} (cf. E catalexis < Gk)cataileis n catalexis ncataileiseach a catalectic a

{cead} (G)ceadachail a permissive aceadaichte a permitted a

{ceangal} (G)ao-ceangal n anacoluthon nceangailte a bound aceangal n binding nceangal n envoy nco-cheangal n association nco-cheangal n junction nco-cheanglach a associative nfrith-cheangal n adjunct nfrith-cheangal n adjunction nfrith-cheanglach a adjunctive nr cheangail n phr linking r n phrsgrìob-cheangail n hyphen ntar-cheangal n juncture a

{ceann} (G)ceann n head nceann-litir n capital (letter) nceann-litir bheag n phr small capital n phrceann-teagaisg n text n

{ceannas} (G)ceannasach a assertive a

{ceantr-} (cf. E centr-)às-cheantrach a exocentric ain-cheantrach a endocentric a

{ceàrn} (G)camagan ceàrnach n phr square brackets n phrcànanachas ceàrnaidheil n phr areal linguistics n phrceàrnaidheil a areal aceàrnaidh fòcasach n phr focal area n phr

{ceart} (G)ceart a correct aceartachadh n correction nceartaich v correct vceart-litreachadh n orthography nmì-cheart a incorrect aro-cheart a hypercorrect aro-cheartachadh n hypercorrection nso-cheartachaidh a corrigible aso-cheartachd a corrigibility n

{ceil} (G)ceilte a covert a

{cèile} (G)co-chèileach a reciprocal a

{Ceilt-} (G)Ceilteach a Celtic a

Ceiltis pr n Celtic pr nP-Cheiltis pr n P-Celtic pr nQ-Cheiltis pr n Q-Celtic pr n

{cèin} (G)cèin a remote acèineil a distal a

{cèis} (G)litir chèise-bige n phr lower-case letter

{ceist} (G)ceist n question n

ceist mhic-thalla n phr echo question n phrceisteach n interrogative nceisteach a interrogative a

ceisteach fòcasta n phr focused interrogative n phrcomharra-ceiste n question-mark n

{ceithir} (G)ceithir-bhuilleach a quadruple aceithir-lide n quadrisyllable nceithir-lideach a quadrisyllabic a{ceathr-ach}ceathracha a quaternary a{ceathr-amh}ceathramh n quatrain nleth-cheathramh n couplet n, half-quatrain n phr

{ceum} (G)ais-cheumnach a regressive aceum n

ceum-àrdachadh n promotion nceum-ìsleachadh n demotion n

ceumachas n gradience nceumadh n gradation n

ceumadh fhuaimreag n phr vowel gradation n phrceumnach a gradual a

comhaireachd cheumnach n phrgradual opposition n phr

for-cheumnach a progressive a{ciad} (G)

ciad choimeas n phr first comparative degree n phrciad phearsa n phr first person n phr

{ciall} (G)ciall n meaning nciall n significance n

atharrachaidh-cèille a meaning-changing aciall aithnichte acceptation nciall litearail n phr literal meaning n phrciall thar-ghluaiste n phr transferred meaning n phrglèidhidh-chèille a meaning-preserving a

ciallachadh n denotation nciallachadh n meaning nciallaich v denote vciall-ràdh n proposition nciall-ràdhach a propositional aco-chiallachadh n connotation n

{cineal} (G)facal cros-chinealach n phr hybrid word n phr

{cinn} (G)cinneasach a productive acinneasachd a productivity aneo-chinneasach a unproductive a

{cinne-} (G)cinneadas n kinship n

{cinnt} (G)cinnteach a definite acinnteachasach n determinative ncinnteachasach a determinative acinntiche n determiner niar-chinntiche n postdeterminer nneo-chinnteach a indefinite aneo-chinnteachas n indeterminacy nneo-chinntichte a indeterminate, indeterminated aroi-chinntiche n predeterminer n

{cìoch} (G)cìoch-shlugain n uvula ncìche-slugain n gen uvular a

{claistinn} (G)claistinneach a auditory a

{claon} (G)claonach a clitic a

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8

claonan n clitic nclaonan speisealta n phr special clitic n phr

claon-bhreith n bias niar-claonach a enclitic aiar-claonan n enclitic nroi-chlaonach a proclitic aroi-claonan n proclitic n

{clàr} (G)clàr ainmean n phr nomenclature nclàr-oideachaidh nòiseanach n phr

notional syllabus n phrleabhar-chlàr n bibliography n

{clas} (cf. E clas)clas n class nclas ainmear n phr noun class n phrmion-chlas fhacal n phr minor word class n phrmòr-chlas fhacal n phr major word class n phr

{clàsa} (cf. E clause)clàsa n clause n

clàsa ainmearach a noun clause n phrclàsa amais n phr final clause n phr

fo-chlàsa n sub-clause nprìomh chlàsa n phr main clause n phr

{clasaig-} (cf. E classic)Gàidhlig Chlasaigeach pr n Classical Gaelic

{cleachd} (G)às-chleachdach a obsolescent aàs-chleachdte a obsolete acleachdadh n use ncleachdadh-cainnte n language practice n phrco-chleachdadh n usage n

{clì} (G)clì-chraobhaidh a left-branching adì-ionadachadh clì n phr left dislocation n phr

{clisg}clisgear n interjection nclisg-phuing n exclamation mark n phrclisgreach a exclamative, exclamatory, aclisgreadh n exclamation ncomharradh-clisge n exclamation mark n phr

{cliù} (G)cliù n prestige n

{clò} (G)clò n print nclò eadailteach n phr italics n pl

{clos} (G)clos n rest n

{cloze} (E)deuchainn cloze n phr cloze test n phr

{cluas} (G)cluasach a oral atrèanadh-cluais n ear-training n

{cluich} (G)cainnt-chluich n paronomasia, pun, n

{cluinn} (G)do-chluinntinn a inaudible aso-chluinntinn a audible a

{cnap} (G)cnap n tap n

{co-}, {còmh}, {com-} (G)co-àicheil a contradictory aco-adhbhar n constituent n

co-adhbhar deireannach n phrultimate constituent n phr

co-adhbharachd n constituency nco-aghaidheach a adversative aco-ainmear n adnominal nco-ainmearach a adnominal aco-àireamh n inclusion nco-àireimh n gen inclusive aco-àithneach n jussive nco-àithneach a jussive aco-altachadh n co-articulation nco-aomadh n convergence nco-aonadh n unification nco-aontas n agreement nco-aontas n concord nco-atachaidh n gen expletive a

co-bhreath n tier nco-bhreath theasganach n phr

segmental tier n phrco-bhrìgheach n equvalent nco-bhrìgheach a equvalent aco-chàradh n syntax n

co-chàradh X-bàr n phr X-bar syntax nco-chàrail a syntactic a

morfa-cho-chàrail a morphosyntactic aco-cheangal n association nco-cheangal n junction nco-cheanglach a associative nco-chèileach a reciprocal aco-chiallachadh n connotation nco-chleachdadh n usage nco-chòmhgharachd n juxtaposition nco-chòmhradh n dialogue nco-chontrarrach a contrastive aco-chontrarrachd n contrast nco-chontrarraich v contrast vco-chòrdachd n compatibility n

neo-cho-chòrdachd n incompatibility nco-chòrdail a compatible aco-choslaich v assimilate vco-choslachadh n assimilation n

co-choslachadh pàirteil n phrpartial assimilation n phr

co-chrìochnach a demarcative aco-chuibhreachadh n concatenation nco-dhàimh n correlation nco-dhàimheach n correlative nco-dhàimheach a correlative aco-dhealbhach a configurational a

neo-cho-dhealbhach a non-configurational aco-dhèanamh n formation n

co-dhèanamh fhacal n phr word formation n phrco-dhearbh v entail vco-dhearbhachd n entailment nco-èifeachdach n coefficient nco-èigneachadh n constraint nco-fhacal n adposition nco-fhagasach n approximant nco-fhagasachd n approximation n

co-fhagasachd fhosgailte n phropen approximation n phr

co-fheabhasach a ameliorative aco-fhilleadh n compound n

co-fhilleadh ath-bhreacach n phrreduplicative compound n phr

co-fhilleadh freumhach n phr root compound n phrco-fhilleadh seilbheach n phr possessive compound n phr

co-fhillte a compound aco-fhillteach a compositional aco-fhillteachas a compositionality aco-fhillteachd n composition nco-fhillteachd n compounding nco-fhillteant n component nco-fhillteantach a componential aco-fhreagairt n correspondence nco-fhuaimneach a harmonic aco-fhuaimneachd n harmony n

co-fhuaimneachd fhuaimreag n phrvowel harmony n phr

co-ghiorrachadh n contraction nco-ghiorraich v contract vco-ghlacadh n encapsulation nco-ghlaodhadh n agglutination nco-ghlaodhaidh n gen agglutinating aco-ghnàthach a conventional aco-ghnàths n convention nco-ghnìomhair n adverb nco-ghnìomhaireil n adverbial nco-ghnìomhaireil a adverbial acoileanachd n complementation ncoileanadh n complement n

coileanadh ainmearach n phr noun-complement n(facal) coileanaidh complementiser n

coileantach a complementary a

9

coileantachd n complementarity ncoimeasg n merger ncoimhearsnachd n community aco-inbheach a coordinate aco-inbheachaidh a coordinating aco-inbheachail a coordinating aco-inbheachd n coordination nco-inbhich v coordinate vco-iomlaid n commutation nco-iomlaideach a commutative aco-iomlan a complete a

seantans co-iomlan n phr complete sentence n phrco-iomradh n coreference nco-iomraideil a coreferential nco-ionadachadh n collocation nco-ionann a equivalent aco-ionannach n equative nco-ionannach a equative aco-leagh v fuse vco-leaghadh n fusion nco-leaghte a fused aco-leaghteach a fusional aco-leanailteach a consecutive aco-leanmhainn n sequence n

co-leanmhainn thràthan n phrsequence of tenses n phr

co-leanmhainneach a sequential aco-leasachail a compensatory a

fadachadh co-leasachail n phrcompensatory lengthening n phr

co-leasachan n affix ncur n co-leasachain ri affixation n

co-leasachanach a affixal aco-leasachanachadh n affixation nco-leasaichte a affixed aco-lideach a parisyllabic a

neo-cho-lideach a imparisyllabic aco-luadar n communication n

comas co-luadair n phr communicative competence n phrco-mhalairt n substitution ncòmhgharachd n adjacency n

co-chòmhgharachd n juxtaposition nfo-chòmhgharachd n subjacency npaidhir an còmhgharachd n phr

adjacency pair n phrco-mhìneachadh n exponence nco-mhìniche n exponent ncòmhlan n cluster ncòmhradh n conversation n

co-chòmhradh n dialogue ncòmhraiteach a conversational acom-pàirtiche n participant nco-naisg v conjugate vco-nasgadh n conjugation nco-neartachaidh n gen intensifying aco-neartachail a intensive aco-neartaich v intensify vco-neartaichear n intensifier nco-neartmhor a equipollent aco-neo-shamhlachd n biuniqueness nco-phàsa n phase nco-rèir n

bi an co-rèir ri v phr construe with v phrco-rèireach a proportional aco-roinn n distribution nco-roinnteach a distributive aco-sheantansach n adsentential nco-sheantansach a adsentential aco-sheasmhach a consistent aco-sheasmhachd n consistency nco-shèideadh n conflation nco-shìnte a parallel a

gleusan co-shìnte n phr parallel constructions n phrco-shìnteachas n parallelism nco-shiosachadh n assibilation nco-shuidheachadh n apposition nco-shuidheachail a appositional aco-thadhail n gen contact mod

co-thàthadh n synthesis nco-thàthte a synthetic a

ioma-cho-thàthte a polysynthetic apara-cho-thàthte a parasynthetic a

co-theacsa n context nco-theacsachadh n contextualisation ncothlamach a combinatory a

caochlaich chothlamach n phrcombinatory variants n phr

cothlamadh n blend nmorf cothlamaidh n phr portmanteau morph n phrriochd cothlamaidh n phr combining form n phr

co-thoinnte a complex aco-thomhasach a

do-cho-thomhais a incommensurable ado-cho-thomhasachd n incommensurability aion-cho-thomhais a commensurable aion-cho-thomhasachd n commensurability a

co-thoradhach a resultative aco-thricead n incidence ncothromachadh n levelling n

{còd} (cf. E code)còd n code nsuidseadh còd n phr code switching n phr

{còda} (cf. E coda < It)còda n coda n

{còig} (G)còigeach a pental acòigeacha a quinquernary a

{coilean} (G)coileanachd n complementation ncoileanadh n complement n

coileanadh ainmearach n phr noun-complement n(facal) coileanaidh complementiser n

coileantach a complementary acoileantachd n complementarity n

{còilean} (cf. E colon < Lat, Gk)còilean n colon nleth-chòilean n semi-colon n

{coimeas} (G)anchoimeas n antithesis ncoimeas n comparative degree n phrcoimeas n comparison n

ciad choimeas n phr first comparative degree n phrdèan coimeas air compare vdàrna coimeas n phr second comparative degree n phrtreas coimeas n phr third comparative degree n phr

coimeasach n comparative ncoimeasach a comparative a

ìre choimeasach n phr comparative degree n phrcoimeasta a compared ameall-choimeas n mass comparison n phr

{coimhearsnach} (G)coimhearsnachd n community acoimhearsnachd chainnte n phr speech community n phr

{coimit-} (cf. E comit-ative < Lat)coimiteach n comitative ncoimiteach a comitative a

{coincheap} (cf. IG coincheap, E concept)coincheap n concept ncoincheapail a conceptual a

{-coip} (cf. E -cope < Gk)apacoip n apocope nsioncoip n syncope n

{Coird-} (cf. E Kurd, IG Coird-is)Coirdis pr n Kurdish pr n

{Còirè-} (cf. E Korean, IG Cóiré)Còirèis pr n Korean pr n

{coitcheann} (G)cridhe coitcheann n phr common core n phrgnè choitcheann n phr common gender n phruile-choitcheann n universal nuile-choitcheann a universal auile-choitcheannas conaltraidh n phr

universe of discourse n phr{comann} (G)

dlùth-chomann n solidarity n{comas} (G)

10

10

comas n competence ncomas co-luadair n phr communicative competence n phrcomas labhairt n phr oral competence n phr

{comhair} (G)comhair n opposite ncomhaireach a opposite acomhaireachd n opposition n

comhaireachd bhuan-sheasmhach n phrconstant opposition n phr

comhaireachd cheumnach n phrgradual opposition n phr

comhaireachd in-sònraichte n phrisolated opposition n phr

{comhard-} (< EModG comhardadh)comhardadh n rhyme ncomhardadh-deiridh n end rhyme n phrcomhardadh-meadhain n internal rhyme n phrdèan comhardadh v phr rhyme vrian-comhardaidh n rhyme scheme n phr

{comharr} (G)ball-chomharra n token ncomharra n marker n

comharra abairte n phr phrase marker n phrcomharra crìche n phr boundary marker n phr

comharra n symbol ncomharrach n demonstrative ncomharrach a demonstrative acomharrachadh n marking ncomharrachd n markedness ncomharradh n mark ncomharradh-clisge n exclamation mark n phrcomharradh-easbhaidh n caret ncomharraich v mark vcomharraichte a labelled acomharraichte a marked a

camagan comharraichte n phrlabelled bracketing n phr

comharraidhean-labhairt n pl quotation-marks n plin-chomharran n pl indices n plneo-chomharraichte a unmarked aos-comharrachadh n ostension nos-comharraichte a ostensive a

{còmhghar} (G)còmhgharachd n adjacency n

co-chòmhgharachd n juxtaposition nfo-chòmhgharachd n subjacency npaidhir an còmhgharachd n phr

adjacency pair n phr{còmhlan} (G)

còmhlan n cluster ncòmhlan n group ncòmhlan bheumannan n phr stress group n phr

{còmhradh} (G)còmhradh n conversation ncòmhraiteach a conversational a

{conaltr-} (G)conaltradh n discourse n

anailis chonaltraidh n phr discourse analysis n phruile-choitcheannas conaltraidh n phr

universe of discourse n phr{congru-} (cf. IG congru-ach, E congruent)

congruach a congruent acongruachd n congruence ncongruachd n congruity n

{consan} (cf. IG consan, E con-son-ant)consan n consonant nconsanach a consonantal aconsan dùinte n phr stop n

{constaid-} (cf. E constat-ive < Lat)constaideach a constative a

{contaid} (cf. E cont-oid)contaid n contoid n

{contra-} (cf. E counter-, Lat contra)contra-eisimpleir n counter-example ncontra-fhìorasach a counterfactual acontra-imfhiosach a counter-intuitive a

{contrarr-} (cf. E contrary < Lat)co-chontrarrach a contrastive a

co-chontrarrachd n contrast nco-chontrarraich v contrast vcontrarra a reversed acontrarrach a contrary acontrarrachd n reversal n

an contrarrachd reversed a{copaig} (cf. E copy)

copaigeadh n copying n{copail} (cf. E copula, IG copail, < Lat)

copail n copula ncopaileach a copular acopaileach a copulative a

{còrd} (G)co-chòrdachd n compatibility n

neo-cho-chòrdachd n incompatibility nco-chòrdail a compatible a

{Còrn} (cf. E, Corn-wall, Crn Kern-ow, W Cern-yu)Còirnis n Cornish n

{coron} (G)coronach a coronal a

{corp} (G)in-chorpachadh n incorporation n

cànan in-chorpachaidh n phr incorporating language n phr{corpas} (cf. E corpus < Lat)

corpas n corpus n{cosl-} (G)

co-choslaich v assimilate vco-choslachadh n assimilation n

co-choslachadh pàirteil n phrpartial assimilation n phr

dì-choslachadh n dissimilation n{cosmhail-} (G)

cosmhaileach a similative acosmhaileachd n similarity n

{cosn-} (G)so-ath-chosnaidh n gen recoverability mod

cumha sho-ath-chosnaidh n phrrecoverability condition n

{cothrom} (G)in-chothrom a potential ain-chothromachd n potentiality a{cothromaid} (cf. IG cothromóid)cothromaideach a equational a

{craisis} (cf. E crasis < Gk)craisis n crasis n

{craobh} (G)clì-chraobhaidh a left-branching adeas-chraobhaidh a right-branching adiagram craobhach n phr tree diagram n phrfo-chraobh n subtree nnòd craobhaidh n phr branching node n phr

{-creit-}, {-greit-} (cf. E -cret-< Gk)disgreiteach a discrete a

neo-dhisgreiteach a non-discrete asincreiteachd n syncretism n

{creole} (cf E creole < Fr)creole n creole n

{cridhe} (G)cridhe n core ncridhe coitcheann n phr common core n phrcridhe-ghràmar n core grammar phr

{crìoch} (G)co-chrìochnach a demarcative acomharra crìche n phr boundary marker n phrcrìochnaich v end vcrìochnaich v terminate vnòd crìochnach n phr terminal node n phrroi-chrìochnach a preterminal asamhla crìche n phr boundary symbol n phrtòna crìche n phr boundary tone n phr

{crìtear} (cf. E criterion, IG critéar, < Gk)crìtear n criterion n

{croch} (G)rann-gabhail crochaidh n phr dangling participle n phr

{crois} (G)crois-eagar n chiasmus n

{crom} (G)cromag n comma n

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cromag thurrach n phr inverted comma n phr{cron-}, {croin-} (cf. E chrono- < Gk)

cron-eòlas n chronology ndiacronach a diachronic aglota-chron-eòlas n glottochronology niosacronachd a isochrony apancronach a panchronic asioncronach a synchronic a

{cros}, {crois} (G)facal cros-chinealach n phr hybrid word n phr

{cruaidh} (G)glainean cruaidh n phr hard palate n phr

{cruinn} (G)camagan cruinne n phr round brackets n phrcruinn a round acruinn a rounded acruinne n rounding ncruinn-eòlas n geography n

cruinn-eòlas dualchainnteach n phrdialect geography n phr

neo-chruinn a unrounded a{cruth} (G)

an-chruthach a ill-formed acruth n form neascruthach a abstract a

ainmear eascruthach n phr abstract noun n phreascruthachd n abstractness n

{cuairt} (G)cuairt-lùb n circumflex ncuairt-lùbach a circumflex a

{cuas} (G)cuas n cavity n

{cuibheas} (G)cuibheas n average ncuibheasach a average a

{cuibhr-} (G)co-chuibhreachadh n concatenation ncuibhreachail a catenative a

{Cuimr-} (G)Cuimreach a Cymric aCuimris pr n Welsh pr n

{cuimse} (G)cuimse n intension ncuimseil a intensional a

{cuing} (G)cuing n brace ncuingealach a restrictive acuingealachadh n restriction n

cuingealachadh taghadhail n phrselectional restriction n phr

cuingealachd n stricture ncuingealaichte a restricted a

cànan cuingealaichte n phr restricted language n phrneo-chuingealach a non-restrictive a

{cuir}, {cur} (G)cuir aiceann air accentuate vcuir am fad v phr lengthen vcuir an giorrad v phr shorten vcuir-às-leth a ascriptive acuir beum air v phr stress vcuir chon bheulaibh v phr front vcur n am fad lengthening ncur n an giorrad shortening ncur n chon bheulaibh n phr fronting ncur n co-leasachain ri affixation ncur-ris mod plus mod

soighne cuir-ris n phr plus sign n phrdà-chànanas cuir-ris n phr additive bilingualism n phrroi-chuir v prepose v

{cùl} (G)cùl-ionadaichte a backgrounded acùl-sgoradh n backslash ncùl-thilgte a

aiceann cùl-thilgte n phr recessive accent n phr{cùl-aibh}fuaimreag chùlaibh n phr back vowel

{cultar} (G)cultar n culture n

culturach a cultural a{cumha} (G)

cumha n condition ncumhaichean fìrinne n phr truth conditions n phr

seimeantaig chumhaichean-fìrinne n phrtruth-conditional semantics n phr

cumhaichean soirbheachd n phrfelicity conditions n phr

cumha sho-ath-chosnaidh n phrrecoverability condition n

cumha ullachail n phr preparatory condition n phrcumhach a conditional acumhachadh n conditioning ncumhaich v condition vcumhaichte a conditioned aneo-chumhaichte a unconditioned a

{cumhachd} (G)cumhachd n power ncumhachdach a powerful a

{cumhang} (G)briathar cumhang n phr narrow term n phr

{cùmhn-} (G)cùmhntach a privative a

{cunnt} (G)cunntachaileachd iomlan n phr total accountability n phrdo-chunntaidh a uncountable aso-chunntaidh a countable a

{cuspair} (G)cuspaireach n accusative ncuspaireach a accusative aneo-chuspaireach a unaccusative a

D

{dà} (G)dà-àireimh n gen binary adà-àireimheachd n binarism ndà-aisigeach a ditransitive adà-bhuilleach a duple adà-chànanach a bilingual adà-chànanas a bilingualism n

dà-chànanas cuir-ris n phr additive bilingualism n phrdà-chànanas subtraicseach n phr

subtractive bilingualism n phrdà-dhualchainnteach a bidialectal adà-fhacal n binomial nda-fhoghar n diphthong nda-fhoghrach a diphthongal ada-fhoghrachadh n diphthongisation n

dà-fhoghar dùnaidh n phr closing diphthong n phrdà-ghraf n digraph ndà-ionaid n gen two-place adà-lide n disyllable ndà-lideach a disyllabic adà-lipeach n bilabial ndà-lipeach a bilabial adà-mheadar n dimeter ndà-sgaradh n dichotomy ndà-sgarte a dichotic adà-sheaghach a ambiguous a

neo-dhà-sheaghach a unambiguous adà-sheaghach a equivocal adà-sheaghachas n ambiguity ndà-thaobhach a bilateral adà-theangach a diglossic adà-theangachas n diglossia ndà-vàlantach a bivalent adì-dhà-sheaghaich v disambiguate v

{dactail} (cf. E dactyl, IG dachtail, < Gk)dactail n dactyl ndactaileach a dactylic a

{dàil} (G)fuasgladh dàilichte n phr delayed release n phr

{dàimh} (G)co-dhàimh n correlation n

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12

co-dhàimheach n correlative nco-dhàimheach a correlative adàimh n

an dàimh related acuir ann an dàimh v phr relate v

dàimheach n relative ndàimheach a relative a

feabhasach dàimheach n phr relative superlative n phrdàimhealachadh n relativisation ndàimhealachd n relation n

dàimhealachd mhalairteach n phrtrading relation n phr

gràmar dàimhealachd n phr relational grammar n phrdàimhealachdail a relational adàimhealaich v relativise vdàimhealaichte a relativised adàimhich v relate vdàimhichte a related aneo-dhàimheach a non-relative a

{daingeann} (G)geall-daingneachail a commissive a

{dàn} (G)dàn n poem ndàn aoghaireach n phr pastoral poem n phrdàn-dràmadach n dramatic poem n phrdàn-molaidh n eulogy ndàn-mòr n epic poem n phrsreath-dhàn n poem sequence n phr

{Danmhairc} (cf. E Denmark, IG Danmhairg)Danmhaircis pr n Denmark pr n

{daonn-}daonna a human a

{dàrna}, {dara}dàrna a second a

dàrna cànan n phr second language n phrdàrna coimeas n phr second comparative degree n phrdàrna pearsa n phr second person n phr

dàrnacha a secondary adàrnacha beum n phr secondary stress n phr

{dàta} (cf. E data < Lat)dàta n data n

{de-}, {dea-} (cf E de- < Lat)deaduct v deduce vdeaductach a deductive adeaductadh n deduction n

{deagh} (G)deagh-chruthach a well-formed adeagh-fhoghras n euphony n

{deal-} (G)dealachaidh n gen distinctive ado-dhealaichte a inalienable a

sealbhachadh do-dhealaichte n phrinalienable possession n phr

eadar-dhealachaidh a diacritical aeadar-dhealaiche n diacritic nso-dhealaichte a alienable a

sealbhachadh so-dhealaichte n phralienable possession n phr

{dealbh} (G)aon-dealbhachdaireil a uniformitarian a

prionnsabal aon-dealbhachdaireil n phruniformitarian principle n phr

co-dhealbhach a configurational adealbhachadh cànain n phr language planning nfeart dealbhachaidh n phr design feature n phr

{deamait-} (cf. E demot-ic < Gk)deamaiteach a demotic a

{dèan} (G)ath-dhèan v reconstruct vath-dhèante a reconstructed aco-dhèanamh n formation n

co-dhèanamh fhacal n phr word formation n phrdèan v

dèan amas assonate vdèan anailis air analyse vdèan comhardadh rhyme vdèan coimeas air compare v

dèanadach a factitive a

roi-dhèante a ready-made a{dearbh} (G)

co-dhearbh v entail vco-dhearbhachd n entailment ndearbh-aghaidh n opposite ndearbhte a attested a

{deas} (G)deas-chraobhaidh a right-branching adì-ionadachadh deas n phr right dislocation n phr

{deich} (G)deicheach a decimal a

{deicse} (cf. E deixis < Gk)deicse n deixis ndeicteach n deictic neipideicteach a epideictic a

{deilbh} (G)deilbheachd n accidence n

{deimhinn}deimhinneach a confirmative adeimhinneach a positive a

pòlaras deimhinneach n phr positive polarity n phrdeimhneid n definition ndeimhneideach a definitive a

{deir-} (G)comhardadh-deiridh n end rhyme n phrdeir-atharrais n epistrophe ndeireadh n ending ndeireadh facail n phr termination ndeireadh facail n phr word ending n phr

aig deireadh facail word-final adeireannach a final a

co-adhbhar deireannach n phrultimate constituent n phr

leth-dheireannach a penultimate aneo-dheireannach a non-final aroi-leth-dheireannach a antepenultimate a

for-roi-leth-dheireannach a pre-antepenultimate a{dèirise} (cf. E diaeresis, IG déirise, < Gk)

dèirise n diaeresis n{deis} (G)

deise a dual aàireamh dheise n phr dual number n phr

deiseach n dual n{deontach} (cf. E deont- < Gk)

deontach a deontic a{deotra-} (cf. E deutero-, IG deotra-)

deotratonach a deuterotonic a{deuchainn} (G)

deuchainn n test ndeuchainn cloze n phr cloze test n phr

{dì-} (G)dì-ainmearach a denominal adì-chàraideachadh n degemination ndì-chlaon v decline vdì-chlaonadh n declension n

do-dhì-chlaonaidh a indeclinable aion-dì-chlaonaidh a declinable a

dì-choslachadh n dissimilation ndì-dhà-sheaghaich v disambiguate vdì-ghnìomhaireach a deverbal adì-ghuthachadh n devoicing ndì-ghuthaich v devoice vdì-ionadachadh n dislocation n

dì-ionadachadh clì n phr left dislocation n phrdì-ionadachadh deas n phr right dislocation n phr

dì-naisgeil a disjunctive adì-naisgte n disjunct ndì-naisgte a disjunct adì-nasgadh n disjunction ndì-phalatachadh n depalatalisation ndì-phalataich v depalatalise vdì-phalataichte a depalatalised adì-sgartach n deponent n

leth-dhì-sgartach n semi-deponent ndì-sgartach a deponent a

leth-dhì-sgartach a semi-deponent adì-shèimheachadh n delenition ndì-shrònachadh n denasalisation n

13

dì-thàthadh n decomposition ndì-thàthadh leicseachail n phr lexical decomposition n phr

{dia-} (cf. E dia- < Gk)diacraiteach a diacritical adiacraitig n diacritic ndiacronach a diachronic adiagram n diagram n

diagram craobhach n phr tree diagram n phrdialaictig n dialectic ndianàia n dianoia n

{Dia} (G)fìrinn Dè mod God’s truth mod

{dìleas} (G)dìleas a proper a

ainmear dìleas n phr proper noun n phr{Dinìos-} (cf. E Dionysus < Gk)

Dinìosach a Dionysian a{diobrac} (cf. E dibrach <Gk)

diobrac n dibrach n{diofar} (G)

diofarachadh n differentiation ndiofaraich v differentiate vfo-dhiofarachadh n underdifferentiation nro-dhiofarachadh n overdifferentiation n

{dionamaig} (cf. E dynamic < Gk)dionamach a dynamic adionamaig n dynamics n

dionamaig a’ ghutha n phr voice dynamics n phr{diopoid} (cf. E dipody < Gk)

diopoid n dipode n, dipody n{dìosg} (G)

guth dìosgail n phr creaky voice n phr{diotaram} (cf. E dithyramb <Gk)

diotaram n dithyramb n{dìr} (G)

dìreach a direct nlabhairt dhìreach n phr direct speech n phr

dìreadh n ascension ndìreadh sealbhadair n phr possessor ascension n phrneo-dhìreach a indirect a

labhairt neo-dhìreach n phr indirect speech n phr{disgreit} (cf. E discrete, IG discréid)

disgreiteach a discrete aneo-dhisgreiteach a non-discrete a

{dlùth} (G)dlùth a close adlùth-chomann n solidarity n

{do-} (G)do-atharrachaidh a irreversible ado-atharraichte a invariant ado-chluinntinn a inaudible ado-cho-thomhais a incommensurable ado-cho-thomhasachd n incommensurability ado-dhealaichte a inalienable a

sealbhachadh do-dhealaichte n phrinalienable possession n phr

do-dhì-chlaonaidh a indeclinable ado-sgaraichte a inseparable a

{dòcha} (G)dòchaileachd n probability n

{dòigh} (G)dòigh n manner ndòigh n style ndòigh-obrach n procedure n

{doilleir} (G)trìd-dhoilleir a opaque a

trìd-dhoilleir a thaobh tar-iomraidh a phrreferentially opaque a phr

trìd-dhoilleireachd n opacity n{domhainn} (G)

doimhne thìm n phr time depth n phrstructar domhainn n phr deep structure n phr

{Draibhid-} (cf. E Dravid-ian, Skr Dravida)Draibhideach a Dravidian a

{dràma} (G)dràmadach a dramatic a

dàn-dràmadach n phr dramatic poem n phr{drioft} (cf. E drift)

drioft n drift n{droch} (G)

droch cainnt n phr bad language n phr{druim}, {drom}

droma n gen dorsal adruim n dorsum ndruimean n ridge n

{dual} (G)dà-dhualchainnteach a bidialectal adualchas n culture ndualchasach a

cànan dualchasach n phr vernacular ndualchainnt n dialect n

atlas dualchainnt n phr dialect atlas n phreadar-leantalas dualchainnt n phr

dialect continuum n phrdualchainnte n gen dialectical adualchainnteach a dialectical a

cruinn-eòlas dualchainnteach n phrdialect geography n phr

dualchainnt-eòlais n dialectology n{duan} (G)

duan n poem nduan n rhyme nduanag n rhyme nduan-bainnse n epithalamium nduan-molaidh n encomium n

{dùbal-}dùbailte a double adùblag n doublet n

{dubh} (G)às-dubhadh n deletion n

puing às-dubhaidh n phr punctum delens n phrdubh-rannaigheachd n blank verse n phrsgoile duibhe n phr gen hocus pocus modur-dhubhadh n eclipsis n

{-duct-} (cf. E -duct-ive, IG -ducht-, < Lat)abductach a abductive aabductadh n abduction ndeaduct v deduce vdeaductach a deductive adeaductadh n deduction nionductach a inductive aionductadh n induction n

{Duids-} (G)Duidsis pr n Dutch pr n

{duine} (G)freumh-eòlas nan daoine n phr

folk etymology n phrtacsanamaidh nan daoine n phr

folk taxonomy n{dùn-}, {dùin} (G)

consan dùinte n phr stop ndùinte a close adùinte a closed adùnadh n closure n

dà-fhoghar dùnaidh n phr closing diphthong n phrleth-dhùinte a half-close a

{dùthch-} (G)dùthchasach a native a

cànan dùthchasach n phr native language n phrneach-bruidhne dùthchasach n phr

native speaker n phrdùthchasaichte a nativised a

{dvandva} (Skr)dvandva n dvandva n

E

{ea}, {ei} (cf. E e-, ex- < Lat)eabhlaid n evolution nealatach n elative nealatach a elative aeisplichte a explicit aeispleachdas n explicature n

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14

{eabhlaid} (cf. IG éabhlóid)eabhlaid n evolution n

{Eabhra} (G)Eabhra pr n Hebrew pr nEabhrais pr n Hebrew pr n

{eachdraidh} (G)eachdraidheil a historical a

cànanachas eachdraidheil n phrhistorical linguistics n phr

làthaireach eachdraidheil n phrhistorical present n phr

{eachdr-} (G)eachdranach a external a

{eaclaige} (cf. E eclogue < Gk)eaclaige n eclogue n

{eacsafora} (cf. E exophora < Lat + Gk)eacsaphora n exophora n

{Eadal-} (G)eadailteach a italic aclò eadailteach n phr italics n plEadailtis pr n Italian pr nEadalach a Italic aEadalais n Italic n

{eadar} (G)eadar-chàradh n metathesis neadar-dhealachaidh a diacritical aeadar-dhealaiche n diacritic neadar-eisimeileach a interdependent aeadar-eisimeileachd n interdependence neadar-fhiaclach a interdental aeadar-fhuaimreagach a intervocalic aeadar-ghabhail n interference neadar-ghluasad n transposition neadar-leantalas n continuum n

eadar-leantalas dualchainnt n phrdialect continuum n phr

eadar-leasachan n interfix neadar-mhalairteachd n interchangeability neadar-mhìneachail a interpretative aeadar-mhìneant n interpretant neadar-phearsanta a interpersonal neadar-ràdh n parenthesis neadar-ràdhach a parenthetical a

gnìomhair eadar-ràdhach n phrparenthetical verb n phr

eadar-sgaradh n distinction neadar-theangachadh n translation neadar-theangaich v translate v

{èadhar} (cf. E air)èadhar-thomhas n aerometry nuidheam sruth-èadhair n phr airstream mechanism n

{eag}suathach caol-eagach n phr groove, rill, fricative n phrsuathach leathann-eagach n phr

slit fricative n phr{eagar} (G)

crois-eagar n chiasmus n{eaglais} (G)

Seann Slàbhais na h-Eaglaise pr nOld Church Slavonic pr n

{ealaidh} (G)ealaidh n lyric n, lyric poem n phr

{eancòimeam} (cf. E encomium < Lat < Gk)eancòimeam n encomium n

{earal-} (G)earalach a hortative a

{earr-}, {eàrr}, {ear-} (G)earball n tail neàrr-fhadachadh n paragoge neàrr-ghiorrachadh n apocope neàrr-ràdh n appendix ngun eàrr a phr tailless a

{earrann} (G)earrann n passage nearrann n stanza n

{eas-} (G)eascruthach a abstract a

ainmear eascruthach n phr abstract noun n phr

eascruthachd n abstractness n{easbhaidh} (G)

comharradh-easbhaidh n caret nuireasbhach a defective a

{Eastòin} (cf. E Estonia, IG An Eastóin)Eastòinis pr n Estonian pr n

{Èatrasg-} (cf. E Etrusc-an, IG Éatrusc-, Fr Étrusque)Èatrasgais pr n Etruscan pr n

{èifeachd} (G)co-èifeachdach n coefficient noibseig èifeachda n phr effected object n phr

{èiginn} (G)co-èigneachadh n constraint nèigneachail a compulsory aèignichte a obligatory afor-èigneachail a compulsory a

{eileactra-} (cf. E electro-)eileactra-palatagrafachd n electropalatography n

{eileamaid} (G)eileamaid n element n

{eilean} (G)eilean n island neilean-cainnte n speech island n phr

{eileige} (cf. E elegy < Gk)eileige n elegy n

{eilip-} (cf. E ellipsis < Gk)eilipsis n ellipsiseilipteach a elliptical

{-eim} (cf. E -eme)airci-fòineim n archiphoneme nairci-leicseim n archilexeme n-eim -emeeimig a emic afòineim n phoneme nfòineimeach a phonemic afòineimeadach a phonematic afòineimig n phonemics nmoirfeim n morpheme nmoirfeimig n morphemics nmorfa-fòineim n morphophoneme nmorfa-fòineimeach a morphophonemic amorfa-tòineimig n morphotonemics nseimeinteim n semanteme nseimeim n sememe n

{eimpir-} (cf. E empiric-al, IG eimpír-each, < Gk)eimpireach a empirical aeimpireachas n empiricism n

{eineach} (G)eineach n face n

{eineantaiseimidh} (cf. E enantiosemy < Gk; but Ger Gegensinn)eineantaiseimidh n enantiosemy n

{einneadais} (cf. E hendiadys, IG einniad, < Gk)einneadais n hendiadys n

{eipeagram} (cf. E epigram, IG eipeagram, < Gk)eipeagram n epigram neipeagramach a epigrammatic a

{eipeagraf} (cf. E epigraph < Gk)eipeagraf n epigraph n

{eipealag} (cf. E epilogue < Lat, Gk)eipealag n epilogue n

{eipeanaim} (cf. E eponym < Gk)eipeanaim n eponym neipeanaimeach a eponymous a

{eipeastroif} (cf. E epistrophe < Gk)eipeastroif n epistrophe n

{eipeataf} (cf. E epitaph < Gk)eipeataf n epitaph n

{eipeatalaimeam} (cf. E epithalamium < Gk)eipeatalaimeam n epithalamium n

{Èipheit} (G)Èipheitis pr n Egyptian pr n

{eipicein} (cf. E epicene < Lat, Gk)eipiceineach a epicene a

{eipideicteach} (cf. E epideictic < Gk)eipideicteach a epideictic a

{eipifeinimean} (cf. E epiphenomenon, IG feiniméan, < Gk)eipifeinimean n epiphenomenon n

15

{eipig} (cf. E epic < Lat, Gk)eipig n epic neipigeil a epic a

{eipinteis} (cf. E epenthesis < Gk)eipinteis n epenthesis neipinteiseach a epenthetic a

{eipisteim-} (cf. E epistem-ic < Gk)eipisteimeach a epistemic aeipisteim-eòlas n epistemology n

{eipistil-} (cf. E epistol-ary, IG eipistil-, < Gk)eipistileach a epistolary a{èir-} (G)

èirigheach a rising atuit-èirich a fall-rise a

{èirg-} (cf. E erg-at-ive < Gk)èirgeadach n ergative nèirgeadach a ergative aneo-èirgeadach a unergative a

{Èirinn} (G)Beurla na h-Èireann pr n Hiberno-English pr nGàidhlig Èireannach pr n Irish Gaelic pr nLaideann na h-Èireann pr n Hiberno-Latin pr n

{eirise}, {èirise} (cf. E -aeresis < Gk)dèirise n diaeresis nsineirise n synaeresis n

{eirmeineòtaig} (cf. E hermeneutics < Gk)eirmeineòtaig n hermeneutics n

{eirms-} (G)ain-eirmseachd n malapropism nion-eirmseach a felicitous aneo-eirmseach a infelicitous a

{-eis-} (cf. E -ess-ive < Lat)aibeiseach n abessive naibeiseach a abessive aaideiseach n adessive naideiseach a adessive aeiseach n essive neiseach a essive afoireiseach n superessive nfoireiseach a superessive aineiseach n inessive nineiseach a inessive asuibeiseach n subessive nsuibeiseach a subessive a

{eiseant-} (cf. E existent- < Lat)eiseantail a existential aeiseantalas n existentialism n

{eisg-} (cf. IG eisc-eacht)eisgeachd n exception neisgeachdail a exceptional a

{Eisgim-} (cf. E Eskimo, IG Eiscim-each)Eisgimis-Ailiutais a Eskimo-Aleut a

{eisimeil} (G)eadar-eisimeileach a interdependent aeadar-eisimeileachd n interdependence neisimeileach n dependent neisimeileach a dependent aeisimeileachd n dependency neisimeileachd structair n phr structure-dependency nfèin-eisimeileach a autonomous aneo-eisimeileach a independent n

adhbharachadh neo-eisimeileach n phrindependent motivation n phr

{eisimpleir} (G)contra-eisimpleir n counter-example n

{èist} (G)èistear n hearer n

{eisteirn-} (cf. E hesternal < Lat)eisteirneil a hesternal a

{eistr-} (cf. IG eistr-each)eistreach a extrinsic a

{eitig} (cf. E ethics, IG eitic)eitigeil a ethic a

{eitig} (cf. E -etic)eitig a etic a

{eitn-} (G)eitneach a kernel modneo-eitneach a non-kernel a

{eitnig-} (cf. E ethnic, IG eitn-)eitnigeach a ethnic a

{eòl} (G)antrap-eòlach a anthropological aantrap-eòlas n anthropology nbriathar-eòlaiche n terminologist nbriathar-eòlas n terminology ncron-eòlas n chronology ncruinn-eòlas n geography n

cruinn-eòlas dualchainnteach n phrdialect geography n phr

dualchainnt-eòlais n dialectology neòlach a familiar aeòlaiche-cànain n philologist neòlas balbh n phr tacit knowledge n phreòlas-bàrdachd n poetics neòlas-cànain n philology nfòn-eòlach a phonological afòn-eòlachadh n phonologisation nfòn-eòlaichte a phonologised afòn-eòlas n phonology nfreumh-eòlach a etymological afreumh-eòlachadh n etymologising nfreumh-eòlaich v etymologise vfreumh-eòlaiche n etymologist nfreumh-eòlas n etymology nfuaim-eòlach a acoustic agin-eòlach a genetic agnè-eòlach a typological agnè-eòlas n typology ahaipleòlas n haplology nleabhar-eòlas n bibliography nleics-eòlas n lexicology nmiot-eòlas n mythology nmorfa-fòn-eòlas n morphophonology nmorf-eòlach a morphological amorf-eòlachadh n morphologisation nmorf-eòlas n morphology nonamais-eòlas n onomasiology nont-eòlas n ontology npalae-ointeòlas n palaeontology n

palae-ointeòlas cànanach n phrlinguistic palaeontology n phr

seimeis-eòlais n semasiology nsìc-eòlas n psychology n

sìc-eòlas cànain n phr language psychology n phrstoidhl-eòlas n stylistics nteil-eòlach a teleological ateil-eòlas n teleology n

{eòraist-} (cf. E heuristic < Gk)eòraisteach n heuristic neòraisteach a heuristic a

{Eòrpa} (G)Ind-Eòrpach a Indo-EuropeanPròta-Ind-Eòrpach a Proto-Indo-European

{eu-} (G), see {ao-}

F

{facal} (G)buaidh-fhacal n epithet ncar-fhacal n pun nclas fhacal n phr word class n phrco-dhèanamh fhacal n phr word formation n phrco-fhacal n adposition ndà-fhacal n binomial ndeireadh facail n phr termination ndeireadh facail n phr word ending n phr

aig deireadh facail word-final afacal n word nfacal àrsaidh n phr archaism nfacal buaidh-aithriseach n phr attribute nfacal cros-chinealach n phr hybrid word n phrfacal-fàth n nonce-word nfacal fuincsein n phr function word n phr

16

16

facal-iasaid n loan word n phrfacal iomlan n phr full word n phrfacal mhic-thalla n phr echo-word nfacal-suaicheantais n motto nfacal tabù n phr taboo word n phrfreumh-fhacal n etymon niar-fhacal n postposition niar-fhaclach a postpositional amion-chlas fhacal n phr minor word class n phrmion-fhacal n particle nmith-fhacal n colloquialism nmòr-chlas fhacal n phr major word class n phrneo-fhaclach a non-verbal anuadh-fhacal n neologism nòrdugh fhacal n phr word order n phrprìomh fhacal n phr key word n phrro-fhaclach a pleonastic aro-fhaclachas n pleonasm nroinn fhacal n phr word division n phrsean-fhacal n proverb ntoiseach facail n phr

aig toiseach facail word-initial a{faclair} (G)faclair n dictionary nfaclair n lexicon n

faclair freumh-fhaclach n phretymological dictionary n phr

faclaireachd n lexicography nfaclairiche n lexicographer nfreumh-fhaclair n etymological dictionary n phr

{fad}, {faid} (G)cuir am fad v phr lengthen vcur n am fad lengthening neàrr-fhadachadh n paragoge nfada a long afadachadh co-leasachail n phr compensatory lengthening n phrfad-astarach a long-distance afaid n length nro-fhada a over-long asreath fada n phr long line n phr

{fagas} (G)co-fhagasach n approximant nco-fhagasachd n approximation n

co-fhagasachd fhosgailte n phropen approximation n phr

fagasach n proximative afagasach a proximative nfagasail a proximal a

{faigh} (G)air fhaighinn a phr acquired afaigh a-mach bho v phr elicit vfaightear n recipient n

{fairich}, {faireach-} (G)faireachail a expressive a

{fàisn-} (G)fàisneachd n prediction n

{faiteas} (G)faiteasail a apprehensional a

{falamh} (G)falamh a empty a

{falsetto} (It)falsetto a falsetto a

{faon}, {faoin} (G)faonan n supine nfaondrach a deviant a

{faraing-} (cf. E pharynx, IG faraing, < Gk)beul-fharaingeach a oropharyngeal afaraing n pharynx nfaraingeach a pharyngeal afaraingeachadh n pharyngealisation n

{Fàro-} (cf. E Faroe)Fàrothais pr n Faroese pr n

{farum} (G)farum n noise n

{fàth} (G)facal-fàth n nonce-word n

{fataig-} (cf E phatic < Gk)fataigeach a phatic a

{feabhas} (G)co-fheabhasach a ameliorative afeabhasach n superlative n

feabhasach dàimheach n phr relative superlative n phrfeabhasach a superlative afèin-fheabhasach n elative nfèin-fheabhasach a elative aìre fheabhasach n phr superlative degree n phr

{feart} (G)feart n feature nfeart dealbhachaidh n phr design feature n phrfeart in-ghnèitheach n phr inherent feature n phr

{feasd} (G)feasdach n permansive nfeasdach a permansive a

{feinimean} (cf. E phenomenon, IG feiniméan, < Gk)feinimean n phenomenon n

{fèin} (G)fèin-eisimeileach a autonomous afèin-fheabhasach n elative nfèin-fheabhasach a elative afèin-ghluasadach a automatic a

iomlaid fhèin-ghluasadach n phrautomatic alternation n phr

fèin-in-shocrachadh n self-embedding nfèin-mhort n suicide n

fèin-mhort cànain n phr language suicide n phr{feuch} (G)

feuchainneach a conative a{feum} (G)

feum n use n{fiacal} (G)

eadar-fhiaclach a interdental afiaclach a dental afiacla-ailbhealach a denti-alveolar aliagh-fhiaclach n lamino-dental nliagh-fhiaclach a lamino-dental alip-fhiaclach n labiodental nlip-fhiaclach a labiodental a

{fianais} (G)fianais n evidence nfianaiseach a evidential a

{fiar} (G)fiar a oblique afiarach a skew afiar-sgoradh n oblique n (= oblique slash n phr)

{fichead} (G)ficheadach a vigesimal a

{ficsean} (G)ficsean n fiction n

{fileant-} (G)fileanta a fluent afileantach n fluent speaker n phrfileantachd n fluency n

{fill} (G)aon-fhillte a uniplex aath-fhillteach n reflexive nath-fhillteach a reflexive aath-fhillteachas n reflexivisation nath-fhillteachd n reflexivity nco-fhilleadh n compound n

co-fhilleadh ath-leth-bhreacach n phrreduplicative compound n phr

co-fhilleadh freumhach n phr root compound n phrco-fhilleadh seilbheach n phr possessive compound n phr

co-fhillte a compound aco-fhillteach a compositional aco-fhillteachas a compositionality aco-fhillteachd n composition nco-fhillteachd n compounding nco-fhillteant n component nco-fhillteantach a componential ain-fhill v inflect vin-fhilleadh n inflection nin-fhillidh n gen inflecting ain-fhillteach a inflectional aiom-fhillte a multiplex aneo-fhillte a uncompounded a

17

{finid} (G)finideach a finite aneo-fhinideach n infinitive n

neo-fhinideach lom n phr bare infinitive n phrneo-fhinideach a infinitive aneo-fhinideach a non-finite a

{fìola-} (cf. E phylo- < Gk)fìolaghineachd n phylogeny nfìolam n phylum n

{Fionlainn} (cf. E Finland, IG Fionlann-)Fionlainnis pr n Finnish pr n

{fìor} (G)contra-fhìorasach a counterfactual a{fìr-inn}fìrinn Dè mod God’s truth mod

{fios} (G)fiosail a cognitive aimfhios n intuition nimfhiosach a intuitive a

contra-imfhiosach a counter-intuitive a{fios-r-}fiosrachadh n information n

neach-fiosrachaidh n informant nteòiridh fhiosrachaidh n phr information theory n

fiosraiche n experiencer n{fireann} (G)

fireanta a masculine a{flapa} (cf. E flap, IG plapa)

flapa n flap n{fo-} (G)

fo-aisneis n sub-predicate nfo-apaiceach a sub-apical afo-chatagarachadh n subcategorisation nfo-chatagaraidh n subcategory nfo-chlàsa n sub-clause nfo-chòmhgharachd n subjacency nfo-chraobh n subtree nfo-dhiofarachadh n underdifferentiation nfo-ghlotasach a subglottal afo-inbheach a subordinate afo-inbheachaidh n gen subordinating afo-inbheachd n subordination nfo-inbhich v subordinate vfo-inbhiche n subordinator nfo-leantach n subjunctive nfo-leantach a subjunctive afo-leudachadh n underextension nfo-naisgeil a subjunct afo-sgrìobhte a superscript afo-shònraichte a underspecified afo-thomhasach a substandard aloidhne-fodha n underlining n

{fòcas} (cf. E focus, IG fócas)fòcas n focus nfòcasach a focal a

ceàrnaidh fòcasach n phr focal area n phrfòcasta a focused a

ceisteach fòcasta n phr focused interrogative n phr{foghar} (G)

aon-fhoghar n monophthong nda-fhoghar n diphthong nda-fhoghrach a diphthongal ada-fhoghrachadh n diphthongisation n

dà-fhoghar dùnaidh n phr closing diphthong n phrdeagh-fhoghras n euphony nfoghar n phone nfogharach a phonetic a

nàdarrachd fhogharach n phr phonetic naturalness n phrfogharachd n phonetics nfogharaiche n phonetician ntar-fhoghar n diaphone ntrì-fhoghar n triphthong n

{foidheam} (G)foidheam n inference nfoidheamail a inferential a

{foills-} (G)foillseachail a presentational a

{foirfe} (G)

foirfe n perfect nfoirfe a perfect afoirfeach n perfective nfoirfeach a perfective afoirfeachd n perfectivity nneo-fhoirfe n imperfect nneo-fhoirfe a imperfect aneo-fhoirfeach n imperfective nneo-fhoirfeach a imperfective aos-fhoirfe n pluperfect nos-fhoirfe a pluperfect a

{foirm} (G)foirm n form nfoirmeadach n formative nfoirmeant n formant nfoirmeil a formal afoirmle n formula nneo-fhoirmeil a informal a

{follais} (G)follaiseach a explicit afollaiseach a overt afor-fhollaiseach a prominent afor-fhollaiseachd n prominence nsuibseig-fhollaiseach a subject-prominent ateachd-am-follais n emergence ntopaig-fhollaiseach a topic-prominent a

{-fon}, {fòn}, {fòin} (cf. E phone- < Gk)alafon n allophone nalafonach a allophonic aairci-fòineim n archiphoneme nfònach a phonic afònachadh n phonation nfònachail a phonatory a

in-shuidheachadh fònachail n phrphonatory setting n phr

fònagram n phonogram nfòna-tactaig n phonotactics nfòn-eòlach a phonological afòn-eòlachadh n phonologisation nfòn-eòlaichte a phonologised afòn-eòlas n phonology nmorfa-fòn-eòlas n morphophonology n{fòin-eim}fòineim n phoneme nfòineimeach a phonemic afòineimeadach a phonematic afòineimig n phonemics nmorfa-fòineim n morphophoneme nmorfa-fòineimeach a morphophonemic a

{for-} (G)foireiseach n superessive nfoireiseach a superessive afor-cheumnach a progressive afor-èigneachail a compulsory afor-fhollaiseach a prominent afor-fhollaiseachd n prominence nfor-ghlotas n epiglottis nfor-ghlotasach a epiglottal afor-ghluaiste a advanced afor-inbheach a superordinate afor-iomall n periphery nfor-iomallach a peripheral aforlatach n superlative nforlatach a superlative afor-leanailteach a prosecutive afor-leasachadh n augmentation nfor-leasachan n augment nfor-leathnach a periphrastic afor-leathnachadh a periphrasis nfor-lìontach a supplementive afor-roi-leth-dheireannach a pre-antepenultimate afor-sgrìobhte a superscript afor-shuidheachadh n prosthesis nfor-shuidhichte a prosthetic nforstratam n superstratum n

{fortis} (Lat)fortis n fortis n

{fos-} (G)

18

18

fosadh n pause nfosadh neo-lìonte n phr unfilled pause n phrfosadh sàmhach a silent pause a

{fosgail} (G)fosgailte a open aco-fhagasachd fhosgailte n phr open approximation n phrfosgladh n aperture nleth-fhosgailte a half-open a

{Fraing} (G)Fraingis pr n French pr n

{freagar} (G)co-fhreagairt n correspondence nfreagarrachadh n adaptation nmodail bhrodaidh-fhreagraidh n phr

stimulus-response model n phr{frèama} (G)

frèama n frame n{Freaslainn} (cf. IG Freaslainn)

Angla-Fhreaslainnis pr n Anglo-Frisian pr nFreaslainnis pr n Frisian pr n

{freumh} (G)freumh n root nfreumhach n radical n

co-fhilleadh freumhach n phrroot compound n phr

mòdaileachd fhreumhach n phrroot modality n phr

freumh-fhacal n etymon nfreumh-eòlach a etymological a

faclair freumh-eòlach n phretymological dictionary n phr

freumh-eòlachadh n etymologising nfreumh-eòlaich v etymologise vfreumh-eòlaiche n etymologist nfreumh-eòlas n etymology nfreumh-fhaclair n etymological dictionary n phr

{frith} (G)frith-cheangal n adjunct nfrith-cheangal n adjunction nfrith-cheanglach a adjunctive n

{fuaim} (G)àird-fhuaime n pitch n

aiceann àirde-fuaime n phr pitch accent n phratharrachaidh-fuaim n sound-change n

atharrachadh-fuaim spontaineach n phrspontaneous sound-change n phr

atharrachadh-fuaim sporadach n phrsporadic sound-change n phr

fuaimealas n onomatopoeia nfuaimealasach a onomatopoeic afuaim-eòlas n acoustics nfuaim-eòlach a acoustic ahom-fhuaimear n homophone nhom-fhuaimearas n homophony nlagh fuaim n phr sound law n phrsamhlachas fuaim n phr sound symbolism n phr{fuaim-n-}ath-fhuaimneach a resonant aath-fhuaimneachas n resonance nco-fhuaimneach a harmonic aco-fhuaimneachd n harmony n

co-fhuaimneachd fhuaimreag n phrvowel harmony n phr

fuaimneachadh n pronunciation nfuaimneachadh litreachaidh n phr

spelling pronunciation n phrfuaimnich v pronounce v{fuaim-r-}àirde fhuaimreig n phr vowel height n phrbun-fhuaimreag n cardinal vowel n phrcàilidheachd fhuaimreig n phr vowel quality n phrceumadh fhuaimreag n phr vowel gradation n phrco-fhuaimneachd fhuaimreag n phr

vowel harmony n phreadar-fhuaimreagach a intervocalic afuaimreag n vowel n

fuaimreag bheulaibh n phr front vowelfuaimreag bhunasach n phr cardinal vowel n phr

fuaimreag chaol n phr narrow vowel n phrfuaimreag chùlaibh n phr back vowelfuaimreag leathann n phr wide vowel n phrfuaimreag neo-shlàn n phr impure vowel n phrfuaimreag shlàn n phr pure vowel n phr

fuaimreagach a vocalic afuaimreagaichte a vocalised afuaimreid n vocoid niar-fhuaimreagach a post-vocalic aleth-fhuaimreag n semivowel nmùthadh fuaimreig n phr vowel mutation n phrroi-fhuaimreagach a prevocalic a

{fuasgail} (G)fuasgladh n release nfuasgladh dàilichte n phr delayed release n phrneo-fhuasgailte a unreleased a

{fuincsean} (cf. E function)fuincsean n function n

facal fuincsein n phr function word n phrfuincseanail n functional n

gràmar fuincseanail n phr functional grammar n phrluchd fuincseanail n phr functional yield, load, n phr

{fulang} (G)an-fhulangach n antipassive nan-fhulangach a antipassive afulangach n passive nfulangach a passive aiom-fhulangach n patient nmeadhan-fhulangach n medio-passive nmeadhan-fhulangach a medio-passive a

G

{gabh} (G)àite-gabhalach a replacive aeadar-ghabhail n interference nion-ghabhail a acceptable arann-gabhail n participle n

rann-gabhail caithte n phr past participle n phrrann-gabhail crochaidh n phr dangling participle n phrrann-gabhail làthaireach n phr

present participle n phrrann-gabhalach a participial auile-ghabhalachd n exhaustiveness n

{Gàidhlig} (G)cuir an riochd Gàidhlig gaelicise vGàidhlig pr n Gaelic pr n

cànan na Gàidhlig n phr Gaelic language n phrgun Ghàidhlig a phr non-Gaelic a

Gàidhlig a Gaelic aGàidhlig Albannach pr n Scottish Gaelic pr nGàidhlig Chlasaigeach pr n Classical Gaelic pr nGàidhlig Èireannach pr n Irish Gaelic pr nGàidhlig Mhanainneach pr n Manx pr nGàidhlig Thràthail Early Gaelic pr nMeadhan-Ghàidhlig pr n Middle Gaelic pr nNuadh-Ghàidhlig pr n Modern Gaelic pr nNuadh-Ghàidhlig Thràthail pr n

Early Modern Gaelic pr nSeann Ghàidhlig pr n Old Gaelic pr n

{Gaill} (cf. IG an Ghaill)Gaillis pr n Gaulish pr n

{gairm} (G)gairmeach n vocative ngairmeach a vocative a

{gar} (G)còmhgharachd n adjacency n

co-chòmhgharachd n juxtaposition nfo-chòmhgharachd n subjacency n

{geall} (G)geall-bheachd n commitment ngeall-daingneachail a commissive agealltanach a promissive a

{Gearm-} (G)Gearmailtis pr n German pr n

19

Gearmailtis Ìochdarach pr n Low German pr nGearmailtis Uachdarach pr n High German pr n

Seann Ghearmailtis Uachdarach pr nOld High German pr n

Gearmaineach a Germanic aGearmainis n Germanic n

{geàrr}, {-gearr}, {giorr-} (G)aithghearr a immediate aco-ghiorrachadh n contraction nco-ghiorraich v contract veàrr-ghiorrachadh n apocope ngeàrr-ainm n acronym ngeàrr-ghnìomhair n converb ngeàrr-thuairisgeal n précis ngiorrachadh n abbreviation ngiorrad n shortness n

cuir an giorrad v phr shorten vcur n an giorrad shortening n

giorraich v abbreviate vmeadhan-ghiorrachadh n syncope nsràc ghiorraid n phr breve n

{gèill} (G)gèillteach a concessive a

{geireann} (cf. IG geireann)geireann n gerund ngeireannach n gerundive ngeireannach a gerundive a

{Geòirge} (cf. E Georgia < Gk)Geòirgis pr n Georgian pr n

{geur} (G)geur a acute a

{gin} (G)gineadh n generation ngin-eòlach a genetic aro-ghineadh n overgeneration n{gin-each-}fìolaghineachd n phylogeny nheitrigineach a homogeneoushomaigineach a homogeneousmonaigineachas n monogenesis nontaighineachd n ontogeny npoiligineachas n polygenesis ntònaigineachas n tonogenesis n{gin-ear-}ginearach a generic a{gin-ear-ad-}ginearadach a generative a{gin-ear-al-} (G)ginearailich v generalise vginearailichte a generalised aginearalachadh n generalisation n{gin-id-} (G)ginideach n genitive nginideach a genitive a

{gingibhe} (cf. E gingiv-al, IG gingibhe)gingibheach a gingival a

{Giùd-} (cf. E Yidd-ish, IG Giúd-ais, < Ger Jiddisch, Jüdisch)Giùdais pr n Yiddish pr n

{glac} (G)glac v capture vco-ghlacadh n encapsulation nroi-ghlaicte a anticipatory a

{glain-ean} (G)glainean bog n phr soft palate n phrglainean cruaidh n phr hard palate n phr

{glaodh} (G)co-ghlaodhadh n agglutination nco-ghlaodhaidh n gen agglutinating a

{glas} (G)glaiste a fossilised a

{glèidh} (G)glèidhidh-chèille a meaning-preserving a

{gleus} (G)gleus n construction n

gleusan co-shìnte n phr parallel constructions n phrgleus n key ngleus-cainnte n construction n

gleus-cainnte beàrnach n phr gapping n

gleus ghnìomhairean sreathach n phrserial verb construction n phr

{gliog} (G)gliog n click n

{glòr}glòramas n euphuism n

{-glos} (cf. E -glos < Gk)heitreaglos n heterogloss niosaglos n isogloss a

{glotas} (cf. E glottis, IG glotas)fo-ghlotasach a subglottal afor-ghlotas n epiglottis nfor-ghlotasach a epiglottal aglota-chron-eòlas n glottochronology nglotas n glottis nglotasach a glottal aglotasaich v glottalise vglotasaichte a glottalised aglotasail a glottalic a

{gluais} (G)gluais n gloss n

{gluas-} (G)ais-ghluaiste a retracted aeadar-ghluasad n transposition nfèin-ghluasadach a automatic afor-ghluaiste a advanced agluaistear n trigger ngluasad-bodhaig n gesture niar-ghluasadach a hysterokinetic aiom-ghluasadach a amphikinetic ain-ghluasad n motivation ninntinn-ghluasadach a emotive aroi-ghluasadach a proterokinetic aso-ghluasaid a movable atar-ghluaiste a transferred a

ciall thar-ghluaiste n phr transferred meaning n phruile-ghluasadach a holokinetic a

{gnàth} (G)ainmear gnàthach n phr appellative nainmear gnàthach n phr common noun n phrco-ghnàthach a conventional agnàthach a normal aGnàth-Laideann pr n Vulgar Latin pr nsìor-ghnàthach a habitual a{gnàth-s}co-ghnàths n convention ngnàthas-cainnt n idiom ngnàthasach a idiomatic a

{gnè} (G)aon-ghnèitheach a homogeneous abriathar gnè n phr species term n phrgnè n gender ngnè n genre ngnè n type ngnè aogasail n phr Aktionsart ngnè choitcheann n phr common gender n phrgnè-eòlach a typological agnè-eòlas n typology ain-ghnèitheach a inherent a

feart in-ghnèitheach n phr inherent feature n phr{gnìomh} (G)

gnìomh n act ngnìomh n function n

ainmear gnìomha n phr action noun n phrgnìomh-cainnte n speech act n phrgnìomh-labhairt n utterance n

gnìomhach a active acànan gnìomhach n phr active language n phrneo-ghnìomhach a passive a

gnìomhachadh n actuation ngnìomhaiche ngnìomhaichte a

cànanachas gnìomhaichte n phrapplied linguistics n phr

in-ghnìomhach a applicative a{gnìomh-air} (G)co-ghnìomhair n adverb nco-ghnìomhaireil n adverbial n

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dì-ghnìomhaireach a deverbal ageàrr-ghnìomhair n converb ngnìomhair n verb n

gnìomhair aimsire n phr weather verb n phrgnìomhair eadar-ràdhach n phr

parenthetical verb n phrgnìomhair smachda n phr control verb ngnìomhair prìobhaideach n phr

private verb n phrprìomh ghnìomhair n phr main verb n phr

gnìomhaireach a verbal aabairt ghnìomhaireach n phr

verbal phrase n phrainmear gnìomhaireach n phr

verbal noun n phrleas-ghnìomhair n pro-verb nroi-ghnìomhair n preverb n

{Goídel} (< EG Goídel)Goídelach a Goidelic a

{goirid} (G)goirid a short a

{Got-} (cf. E Gothic, IG Got-ach)Gotais pr n Gothic pr n

{grad} (G)grad-bhriste a abrupt a

{graf} (cf. E graph < Gk)dà-ghraf n digraph neileactra-palatagrafachd n electropalatography ngrafach a graphic a

meadhan grafach n phr graphic medium n phrhomagraf n homograph npalaegrafachd n palaeography npalatagrafachd n palatography nparagraf n paragraph nspeactragraf n spectrograph n

{gràin} (G)gràineach n aversive ngràineach a aversive a

{-gram} (cf. E -gram < Gk)fònagram n phonogram nidèagram n ideogram nlogagram n logogram npioctagram n pictogram nspeactragram n spectrogram n

{gràmar} (G)gràmadach a grammatical agràmadachadh n grammaticalisation ngràmadachd n grammaticality ngràmadaichte a grammaticalised agràmar n grammar n

cridhe-ghràmar n core grammar phrgràmar catagarail n phr categorial grammar n phrgràmar dàimhealachd n phr relational grammar n phrgràmar fuincseanail n phr functional grammar n phrgràmar tar-iomlaideach n phr

transformational grammar n phrgràmar traidiseanta n phr traditional grammar n

lorg-ghràmar n reference grammar n phrmeata-gràmar n metagrammar nneo-ghràmadach a ungrammatical a

{Graonlainn} (cf. IG Graonlainn)Graonlainnis pr n Greenlandic pr n

{Grèig} (G)Grèigis pr n Greek pr n

{guidh} (G)guidheach n optative nguidheach a optative a

{gun} (G)gun bheum a phr unstressed agun bhrìgh a phr meaningless agun Ghàidhlig a phr non-Gaelic agun ghuth a phr voiceless agun obraiche a phr agentless a

{guna} (Skr)guna n guna n

{guth} (G)buill a’ ghutha n phr vocal organs n phrdì-ghuthachadh n devoicing n

dì-ghuthaich v devoice vdionamaig a’ ghutha n phr voice dynamics n phrgun ghuth a phr voiceless aguth n voice n

guth cagarach n phr whispery voice n phrguth dìosgail n phr creaky voice n phrguth lasach n phr slack voice n phrguth righinn n phr stiff voice n phr

guthach a voiced aguthachadh n voicing nguthaich v voice vionnsaigh gutha n phr voice onset n phr

ùine ionnsaigh ghutha n phr voice onset time n phrneo-ghuthach a unvoiced, voiceless, aslighe a’ ghutha n phr vocal tract n phrteudan a’ ghutha n phr vocal cords n phr

H

{haipl-} (cf. E haplo- < Gk)haipleòlas n haplology n

{heicsi-} (cf. E hexa-, IG heicsi-, < Gk)heicsimeadar n hexameter n

{heipti-} (cf. E hepta-, IG heipti-, < Gk)heiptimeadar n heptameter n

{heitre-} (cf. E hetero-, IG heitr-, < Gk)heitreaglos n heterogloss nheitre-altaichte a heterorganic aheitrigineach a homogeneousheitreilideach a heterosyllabic a

{hiara-} (cf. E hiero-, IG iara-, < Gk)hiaraiteach a hieratic ahiaraiglifean n pl hieroglyphs n pl

{hiatas} (cf. E hiatus < Lat)hiatas n hiatus n

{hiodra-} (cf. E hydro-, IG hiodra, hidri, < Gk)hiodranaim n hydronym n

{hiopa-}, {hipi-}(cf. E hypo-, IG hipi, < Gk)hiopalaige n hypallage nhiopanaim n hyponym nhiopanaimidh n hyponymy nhiopataicis n hypotaxis nhipiteis n hypothesis nhipiteiseach a hypothetical ahipiteise-dheaductach a hypothetico-deductive ahipiteisich v hypothesise v

{hipear-} (cf. E hyper, IG hipear-, < Gk)hipearnaim n hypernym nhipearnaimidh n hypernymy n

{hola-} (cf. E holo-, IG hola-, < Gk)holabairt n holophrase n

{homa-} (cf. E homo-, IG hóma-, < Gk)homa-altaichte a homorganic ahomagraf n homograph nhomaigineach a homogeneoushomanaim n homonym nhomanaimidh n homonymy nhom-fhuaimear n homophone nhom-fhuaimearas n homophony n

I

{iadh} (G)tar-iathach a overlapping atar-iathadh n overlapping n

{iamb-} (cf. E iamb, IG iamb, <Gk)iamb n iambus niambach a iambic a

{iar-} (G)iar-ailbhealach a post-alveolar aiar-analachadh n post-aspiration niar-chinntiche n postdeterminer n

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iar-claonach a enclitic aiar-claonan n enclitic niar-fhacal n postposition niar-fhaclach a postpositional aiar-fhuaimreagach a post-vocalic aiar-ghluasadach a hysterokinetic aiar-leicseachail a post-lexical aiar-mhion-atharraiche n postmodifier niar-ràdh n epilogue niar-riochd n reflex n

{Iarain} (cf. E Iran, IG Iaráin)Iaraineach a Iranian aInd-Iaraineach a Indo-Iranian

{iarmad} (G)iarmadach a relic mod

riochd iarmadach n phr relic form n phr{iarr} (G)

iarrtach n precative niarrtach a precative a

{iasad} (G)facal-iasaid n loan word n phriasad n borrowing niasad n loan n

{ìcean} (cf. E icon < Gk)ìceanach a iconic aìceanachd n iconicity n

{idèa-} (cf. E idea, IG idé < Gk)idèa n idea nidèach a ideational aidèadh n ideation nidèagram n ideogram n

{ìdil} (cf. E idyll, IG ídil < Gk)ìdil n idyll n

{imeach}, {imich} (G)às-imeachail a egressive ain-imeachail a ingressive a

{imfhios} (G)imfhios n intuition nimfhiosach a intuitive a

contra-imfhiosach a counter-intuitive a{ìmpidh} (G)

ìmpidheach a exhortative a{in-}, {i-}, {ion}, {im-} (cf. E in- < Lat)

ileatach n illative nileatach a illative aimpleachd n implication nimpleachdail a implicational aimpleachdas n implicature nimplich v implicate vimplichte a implicit ain-aonachadh n integration nin-cheantrach a endocentric ain-chòd v encode vin-chomharran n pl indices n plin-chorpachadh n incorporation n

cànan in-chorpachaidh n phr incorporating language n phrin-chothrom a potential ain-chothromachd n potentiality aineiseach n inessive nineiseach a inessive ain-fhill v inflect vin-fhilleadh n inflection nin-fhillidh n gen inflecting ain-fhillteach a inflectional ain-ghluasad n motivation nin-ghnèitheach a inherent a

feart in-ghnèitheach n phr inherent feature n phrin-ghnìomhach a applicative ain-imeachail a ingressive ain-labhairteach a illocutionary ain-leantach n injunctive nin-leantach a injunctive ain-leasachan n infix nin-leasaichte a infixed ain-leudachaidh n gen intensive ain-mheadhanach a internal ain-nàdarra a innate ain-nàdarrachd n innateness n

in-phleasgach n implosive nin-phleasgach a implosive ain-shocrachadh n embedding n

fèin-in-shocrachadh n self-embedding nin-shuidheachadh n setting n

in-shuidheachadh fònachail n phrphonatory setting n phr

in-sònrachaidh n gen isolating nin-sònraichte a isolated a

comhaireachd in-sònraichte n phrisolated opposition n phr

cànan in-sònraichte n phr language isolate n phrin-sùghadh n suction nin-tònachd n intonation nionductach a inductive aionductadh n induction n

{inbhe} (G)co-inbheach a coordinate aco-inbheachaidh a coordinating aco-inbheachail a coordinating aco-inbheachd n coordination nco-inbhich v coordinate vfo-inbheach a subordinate afo-inbheachaidh n gen subordinating afo-inbheachd n subordination nfo-inbhich v subordinate vfo-inbhiche n subordinator nfor-inbheach a superordinate a

{Ind} (cf. E India)Ind-Eòrpach a Indo-European a

Pròta-Ind-Eòrpach a Proto-Indo-European aInd-Iaraineach a Indo-Iranian{Ind-ig}Indig pr n Hindi pr n

{ingear-} (G)ingearach a vertical aloidhne ingearach n phr vertical line n phr

{inghean} (G)inghean-chànan n daughter language n phr

{inneal} (G)innealach n instrumental ninnealach a instrumental ainnealta a artificial a

cànan innealta n phr artificial language n phrinneal Turing n phr Turing machine n phr

{Innis} (G)Ameirinnseanach a Amerindian aInnseanach a Indian a

{innleachd} (G)roi-innleachd n strategy n

{inns-} (G)bun-innse n basic version n phrinnse n version n

{inntinn} (G)inntinneil a

leicsigean inntinneil n phr mental lexicon n phrinntinn-ghluasadach a emotive a

{inntleachd} (G)inntleachd n intellect ninntleachdail a intellectual a

{intr-}intreach a intrinsic a

{ìochdar} (G)Gearmailtis Ìochdarach pr n Low German pr nriochd ìochdarach n phr underlying form n phr

{iom-}, {im-} (G)imfhios n intuition nimfhiosach a intuitive a

contra-imfhiosach a counter-intuitive aiom-fhaireachdainn n empathy niom-fhulangach n patient niom-ghluasadach a amphikinetic aiom-labhairt n circumlocution niomlan a absolute aiomlan a full a

co-iomlan a complete aseantans co-iomlan n phr complete sentence n phr

cunntachaileachd iomlan n phr

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total accountability n phrfacal iomlan n phr full word n phr

iom-labhairt n circumlocution niom-leasachan n circumfix niom-lìne n contour niomradh n mention n

co-iomradh n coreference nco-iomraideil a coreferential nsuids-iomradh n switch-reference ntar-iomradh n reference n

trìd-dhoilleir a thaobh tar-iomraidh a phrreferentially opaque a phr

tar-iomraiche n referent ntar-iomraideach a referring mod

ràdh tar-iomraideach n phrreferring expression n phr

thoir iomradh air v phr refer to v phriomraideil a

tabhartach iomraideil n phr dative of respect n phrtar-iomraideil a referential a

iom-shuidhichte a circumstantial aiom-thionntadh n inversion niom-thionntaidh a inverse, inverted, a

{ioma-}, {iom-} (G)ioma-chainnteach a polylectal aioma-chànanach a multilingual aioma-chànanais n gen multi-language aioma-cho-thàthte a polysynthetic aiomadachail a multiplicative aiomadail a multiple aioma-luachail a multivalued aioma-shiostamach a polysystemic aioma-stratach a multistratal aioma-taobhach a multilateral aiom-atharrais n reiteration niom-atharraiseach a iterative aiom-fhillte a multiplex a{ioma-rr-}iomarra n plural niomarra a plural a

àireamh iomarra n phr plural number n phr{iomagain} (G)

iomagain chànanach n phr linguistic insecurity n phr{iomairt} (G)

iomairt n performance niomairteach n performative niomairteach a performative aroi-iomairt n lead n

{iomall} (G)for-iomall n periphery nfor-iomallach a peripheral aiomallaichte a bounded aneo-iomallaichte a unbounded a

{iomlaid} (G)co-iomlaid n commutation nco-iomlaideach a commutative aiomlaid n alternation n

iomlaid fhèin-ghluasadach n phrautomatic alternation n phr

iomlaideach n alternant n{iomp-} (G)

iompachadh n conversion niompachail a converse a

{iomradh} (G)co-iomradh n coreference nco-iomraideil a coreferential niomradh n mention niomraideil a

tabhartach iomraideil n phr dative of respect n phrsuids-iomradh n switch-reference ntar-iomlaid n transform ntar-iomlaideachadh n transformation ntar-iomlaideach a transformational a

gràmar tar-iomlaideach n phrtransformational grammar n phr

tar-iomlaidich v transform vtar-iomlaidichte a transformed atar-iomradh n reference n

trìd-dhoilleir a thaobh tar-iomraidh a phrreferentially opaque a phr

tar-iomraiche n referent ntar-iomraideach a referring mod

ràdh tar-iomraideach n phr referring expression n phrtar-iomraideil a referential athoir iomradh air v phr refer to v phr

{iomrall} (G)iomrall n mistake n

{ion} (G)ion-cho-thomhais a commensurable aion-cho-thomhasachd n commensurability aion-dì-chlaonaidh a declinable aion-eirmseach a felicitous aion-ghabhail a acceptable aion-leanailteachd n cohesion n

{ionad} (G)co-ionadachadh n collocation ncùl-ionadaichte a backgrounded adà-ionaid n gen two-place adì-ionadachadh n dislocation n

dì-ionadachadh clì n phr left dislocation n phrdì-ionadachadh deas n phr right dislocation n phr

ionad n place nionadach n locative nionadach a locative aionadachdail a locational aionadail a local aroi-ionadaichte a foregrounded a

{ionann} (G)co-ionann a equivalent aco-ionannach n equative nco-ionannach a equative aionann a identical aionannachd a identity aionannachd luideach n phr sloppy identity n phr

{ionns-} (G)ionnsachadh n acquisition nionnsaigh n onset n

ionnsaigh gutha n phr voice onset n phrùine ionnsaigh ghutha n phr

voice onset time n phrso-ionnsachaidheachd n learnability n

{ìoran-} (cf. E iron-y, IG íoróin)ìoranas n irony nìoranta a ironic a

{iosa-} (cf. E iso-, IG iosa-)iosacronachd a isochrony aiosaglos n isogloss aiosamorfachd n isomorphism a

{Ìoslainn} (cf. E Iceland, IG Íoslainn)Ìoslainnis pr n Icelandic pr n

{ìre} (G)bun-ìre n positive degree n phrìre n degree nìre n grade nìre n level nìre n order nìre chànain n phr register nìre choimeasach n phr comparative degree n phrìre fheabhasach n phr superlative degree n phrìre-ìsleachadh n downgrading n

{ìseal}, {ìosal} (G)ceum-ìsleachadh n demotion nìosal a low aìre-ìsleachadh n downgrading nìseal-chainnt n basilect nìsleachadh n lowering nìslich v lower vìslichte a lowered a

{itear-} (cf. E iter- < Lat)itearatach a iterative a

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L

{labhar}, {labhr-} (G)labhar a loud alabhrad n loudness n{labhair-t}baoth-labhairt n solecism ncomas labhairt n phr oral competence n phrcomharraidhean-labhairt n pl quotation-marks n plgnìomh-labhairt n utterance nin-labhairteach a illocutionary aiom-labhairt n circumlocution nlabhairt n speech nlabhairt n gen oral a

labhairt dhìreach n phr direct speech n phrlabhairt neo-dhìreach n phr indirect speech n phr

labhairteach a locutionary atrìd-labhairteach a perlocutionary a

{labht} (Ger laut)ablabht n ablaut n

{lag} (G)lag a weak a

{lagh} (G)lagh fuaim n phr sound law n phr

{Laideann} (G)Gnàth-Laideann pr n Vulgar Latin pr nLaideann pr n Latin pr nLaideannach a Latinate aLaideann na h-Èireann pr n Hiberno-Latin pr n

{làidir} (G)làidir a strong a

{Laitbh-} (cf. E Latv-ian, IG Laitv-e)Laitbhis pr n Latvian pr n

{-lan}, {làn} (G)co-iomlan a complete a

seantans co-iomlan n phr complete sentence n phrcòmhlan n cluster niomlan a absolute aiomlan a full a

cunntachaileachd iomlan n phrtotal accountability n phr

facal iomlan n phr full word n phr{-lann} (G)

cainnt-lann n language laboratory n phrobair-lann n laboratory nobair-lann cànain n phr language laboratory n phr

{Laplainn} (cf. E Lapland, IG Laplainn)Laplainnis pr n Lapp, Lappish, pr n

{laraing} (cf. E larynx, IG laraing, < Gk)laraingeach a laryngeal alaraingichte a laryngealised a

{las} (G)guth lasach n phr slack voice n phrlas a loose a

{-lat-}, {-leat-} (cf. E -lat-ive < Lat)ablatach n ablative nablatach a ablative aalatach n allative nalatach n allative nèalatach n elative nèalatach a elative aforlatach n superlative nforlatach a superlative aileatach n illative nileatach a illative apeirleatach n perlative npeirleatach a perlative asublatach n sublative nsublatach a sublative a

{làthair} (G)làthaireach n present nlàthaireach a present alàthaireach eachdraidheil n phr historical present n phrrann-gabhail làthaireach n phr present participle n phr

{le} (G)le aiceann a phr accented ale beum a phr stressed a

{leabhar}leabhar-chlàr n bibliography nleabhar-eòlas n bibliography n

{leac} (G)leac-sgrìobhadh n epitaph n

{leagh} (G)co-leagh v fuse vco-leaghadh n fusion nco-leaghte a fused aco-leaghteach a fusional a

{lean} (G)co-leanailteach a consecutive aco-leanmhainn n sequence n

co-leanmhainn thràthan n phrsequence of tenses n phr

co-leanmhainneach a sequential aeadar-leantalas n continuum n

eadar-leantalas dualchainnt n phrdialect continuum n phr

fo-leantach n subjunctive nfo-leantach a subjunctive afor-leanailteach a prosecutive ain-leantach n injunctive nin-leantach a injunctive aion-leanailteachd n cohesion nleanailteachd n coherence nleanmhainneach n continuant n

leanmhainneach gun suathadh n phrfrictionless continuant n

leanmhainneach a continuant aleantalach a continuous a

neo-leantalach a discontinuous aleantalachas n continuity n

neo-leantalachas n discontinuity aroi-leantainn n presequence n

{leanabh} (G)cainnt-leanaibh n baby-talk n

{leas} (G)co-leasachail a compensatory a

fadachadh co-leasachail n phrcompensatory lengthening n phr

co-leasachan n affix ncur n co-leasachain ri affixation n

co-leasachanach a affixal aco-leasachanachadh n affixation nco-leasaichte a affixed afor-leasachadh n augmentation nfor-leasachan n augment neadar-leasachan n interfix niar-leasachan n suffix niar-leasachanachadh n suffixation niar-leasaichte a suffixed ain-leasachan n infix nin-leasaichte a infixed aiom-leasachan n circumfix nleas-ghnìomhair n pro-verb nleas-riochd n pro-form nleas-seantans n pro-sentence nroi-leasachan n prefix nroi-leasachanach a prefixal aroi-leasachanachadh a prefixation nroi-leasaichte a prefixed atar-leasachan n transfix n

{leathann}, {leathn-} (G)for-leathnach a periphrastic afor-leathnachadh a periphrasis nfuaimreag leathann n phr wide vowel n phrleathann a broad asuathach leathann-eagach n phr

slit fricative n phr{leics-} (cf E lex- < Gk)

airci-leicseim n archilexeme nath-leicseachadh n relexification nleicseachadh n lexicalisation nleicseachail a lexical a

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dì-thàthadh leicseachail n phr lexical decomposition n phrleicseim n lexeme nleics-eòlas n lexicology nleicsich v lexicalise vleicsichte a lexicalised aleicsigean n lexicon n

leicsigean inntinneil n phr mental lexicon n phriar-leicseachail a post-lexical amorfa-leicseachail a morpholexical aneo-leicsichte a non-lexicalised a

{lèir} (G)lèir-sheiseachadh n stereotype n

{lenis} (Lat)lenis n lenis n

{leòmhann} (G)Leòmhannach a Leonine a

{leth} (G)cuir-às-leth ascriptive afor-roi-leth-dheireannach a pre-antepenultimate aleth-cheathramh n couplet nleth-chinneasach a semi-productive nleth-chòilean n semi-colon nleth-dheireannach a penultimate aleth-dhì-sgartach n semi-deponent nleth-dhì-sgartach a semi-deponent aleth-dhùinte a half-close aleth-fhosgailte a half-open aleth-fhuaimreag n semivowel nleth-rann n couplet nleth-shreath n half-line nleth-taobhadh n hedge nroi-leth-dheireannach a antepenultimate a{leith-eas}leitheas-chainnt n idiolect nleitheas-chainnteach a idiolectal a

{leud} (G)às-leudachaidh a extensive afo-leudachadh n underextension nin-leudachaidh n gen intensive aleudachadh n extension nleudachail a extensional aro-leudachadh n overextension n

{liagh} (G)liagh n blade nliaghach n laminal nliaghach a laminal aliagh-ailbhealach n lamino-alveolar nliagh-ailbhealach a lamino-alveolar aliagh-fhiaclach n lamino-dental nliagh-fhiaclach a lamino-dental a

{lide} (G)aimbe-lideach a ambisyllabic aaona-lide a monosyllable aaona-lideach a monosyllabic aceithir-lide n quadrisyllable nceithir-lide n tetrasyllable nceithir-lideach a quadrisyllabic aceithir-lideach a tetrasyllabic aco-lideach a parisyllabic a

neo-cho-lideach a imparisyllabic adà-lide n disyllable ndà-lideach a disyllabic aheitreilideach a heterosyllabic aioma-lide n polysyllable nioma-lideach a polysyllabic alide n syllable nlideach a syllabic alideire n syllabary nlide-thìmichte a syllable-timed atàtailideach a tautosyllabic atrì-lide n trisyllable ntrì-lideach a trisyllabic a

{lìne}, {loidhne} (G)iom-lìne n contour nlìne n line nlìneach a linear alìneachadh n linearisation aloidhne n line n

loidhne-fodha n underlining nloidhne ingearach n phr vertical line n phrloidhne phuingeannan n phr dotted line n phrloidhne thàthte n phr solid line n phrneo-lìneach a non-linear apuing os cionn na loidhne n phr turned period n phr

{lìon} (G)coileanachd n complementation ncoileanadh n complement n

coileanadh ainmearach n phr noun-complement n(facal) coileanaidh complementiser n

coileantach a complementary acoileantachd n complementarity nfor-lìontach a supplementive alìonsgaradh n diffusion nos-lìonadh n suppletion aos-lìontach a suppletive a

{lionn} (G)lionnach n liquid nlionnach a liquid a

{liotòid} (cf. E litotes, IG liotóid, <Gk)liotòid n litotes n

{Liotuàin-} (cf. E Lithuania, IG Liotuáin)Liotuàinis pr n Lithuanian pr n

{lip} (G)dà-lipeach n bilabial ndà-lipeach a bilabial alip n lip nlipeach n labial nlipeach a labial alipeachadh n labialisation nlipe-vèilearach n labiovelar nlipe-vèilearach a labiovelar alip-fhiaclach n labiodental nlip-fhiaclach a labiodental alipich v labialise vlipichte a labialised ateanga-lipeach n linguo-labial nteanga-lipeach a linguo-labial a

{liric} (cf. E lyric, IG liric, <Gk)liric n lyric nliriceach a lyric a

{litir} (G)ceann-litir n capital (letter) nceann-litir bheag n phr small capital n phrlitearail a literal a

ciall litearail n phr literal meaning n phrlitearra a literate alitir n character nlitir n letter nlitir chèise-bige n phr lower-case lettermeanbh-litir n lower-case letter n phr{litr-each-}, {litr-ich}ceart-litreachadh n orthography nlitreachadh n spelling n

fuaimneachadh litreachaidh n phrspelling pronunciation n phr

litrich v spell v{litr-each-as-}litreachais n gen literary alitreachas n literature nlitreachasach a literary a

{lòcas} (cf. E < locus < Lat)lòcas n locus n

{lochd} (G)briathar lochdach n phr deprecated term n phr

{Lochlann} (G)Lochlannach a Scandinavian aLochlannais pr n Norse pr nSeann Lochlannais pr n Old Norse pr n

{loga-} (cf. E logo- < Gk)logaforach a logophoric alogagram n logogram n

{lòidsig} (G)lòidsig n logic nlòidsigeach a logical a

buan-àireamh lòidsigeach n phrlogical constant n phr

25

{lom} (G)neo-fhinideach lom n phr bare infinitive n phr

{lorg} (G)lorg n trace nlorg-ghràmar n reference grammar n phr

{luach}ioma-luachail a multivalued aluach n value nluachail a evaluative a

{luaidh} (G)co-luadar n communication n

comas co-luadair n phr communicative competence n phrluaidh n comment n

{luath} (G)cainnt luath n phr rapid speech n phr

{lùb} (G)ais-lùbaidh a retroflex aais-lùbte a retroflected acuairt-lùb n circumflex ncuairt-lùbach a circumflex a

{luchd} (G)luchd-amais n addressees n plluchd na Beurla Anglophone a

{luchd} (G)luchd fuincseanail n phr functional yield, load, n phr

{Lucsamburg} (cf. E Luxembourg, IG Lucsamburg)Lucsamburgais pr n Luxembourgish pr n

{lugh-} (G)beum as lugha n phr lesser stress n phrlùghdachadh n reduction nlùghdaich v reduce vlùghdaichte a reduced a

{luid} (G)luideach a sloppy aionannachd luideach n phr sloppy identity n phr

{luimneach} (G)luimneach n limerick n

M

{mac} (G)ceist mhic-thalla n phr echo question n phrfacal mhic-thalla n phr echo-word nmac-samhlachadh n replication n

{Macadon} (cf. E Macedon- < Gk)Macadoinis pr n Macedonian pr n

{macaròn-} cf. E macaroni, IG macarón, < It)macarònach n macaronic nmacarònach a macaronic a

{macran} (cf. E macron < Gk)macran n macron n

{macsaim-} (cf. E maxim-um)macsaimeam n maximum nmacsaimeil a maximal a

{maighd-} (G)maighdeag n pivot n

{Mailèidh-} (cf. E Malay, IG Malae)Mailèidhis pr n Malay pr n

{malairt} (G)cànan malairt n phr trade language n phrco-mhalairt n substitution ndàimhealachd mhalairteach n phr

trading relation n phreadar-mhalairteachd n interchangeability nso-mhalairteachd n substitutability n

{mall}, {maill-} (G)maille n lag n

{mallach-d} (G)mallachdach n imprecative n

{Màlta} (cf. E Malta, IG Málta)Màltais pr n Maltese pr n

{Manainn} (G)Gàidhlig Mhanainneach pr n Manx pr nManainnis pr n Manx pr n

{Maoiri-} (cf. E Maori)

Maoiris pr n Maori pr n{marbh} (G)

marbhrann n elegy n{màthair} (G)

màthair n source nmàthairis n motherese n

{meadar}, {meadr-} (G)às-mheadrachail a extrametrical adà-mheadar n dimeter nheicsimeadar n hexameter nheiptimeadar n heptameter nmeadrachail a metrical ameadrachd n metre nmeadraiche a metrist ameadraig n metrics nmonaimeadar n monometer nochdaimeadar n octameter nparaimeadar n parameter npeintimeadar n pentameter nsimeadrach a symmetrical asimeadrachd n symmetry ntrì-mheadar n trimeter ntrì-mheadrach a trimeter a

{meadhan} (G)comhardadh-meadhain n internal rhyme n phrin-mheadhanach a internal ameadhain n gen middle nmeadhan n medium n

Meadhan-Ghàidhlig pr n Middle Gaelic pr nmeadhanach a central ameadhanach a mid ameadhanaichte a centralised ameadhanail a medial ameadhan-aomach a centripetal ameadhan-chainnt n mesolect nmeadhan-Gàidhlig a Gaelic-medium ameadhan-ghiorrachadh n syncope nmeadhan grafach n phr graphic medium n phrmeadhan-fhulangach n medio-passive nmeadhan-fhulangach a medio-passive ameadhan-phalatach n medio-passive nmeadhan-phalatach a medio-passive ameadhan-shaighdeach a mid-sagittal ameadhan-sheachnach a centrifugal ameadhan-sheasmhach a mesostatic aneo-mheadhanach a immediate a

{meall} (G)meall-ainmear n mass noun nmeall-choimeas n mass comparison n phrmeall-teangaidh n gen tongue-body mod

{meall} (G)mealltaireachd n prevarication n

{meanbh} (G)meanbhan n diminutive nmeanbhain n gen diminutive ameanbh-litir n lower-case letter n phr

{mearachd} (G)mearachd n error, mistake, nmearachd chainnte n phr speech error n phr

{mearanaim} (cf. E meronym < Gk)mearanaim n meronym nmearanaimidh n meronymy n

{meas}1 (G)meas-ainm n hypocorism nmeas-ainmeach a hypocoristic a

{meas}2 (G)measrachadh n estimate n

{measg} (G)coimeasg n merger nmeasgaichte a mixed a

cànan measgaichte n phr mixed language n phr{meata}, {meite} (cf. E meta-, IG meitea-, < Gk)

meat-anailis n metanalysis nmeata-chànan n metalanguage nmeata-chànanach a metalinguistic ameatafonaidh n metaphony nmeatafor n metaphor nmeata-gràmar n metagrammar n

26

26

meatanaim n metonym nmeatanaimeach a metonymic ameatanaimidh n metonymy nmeata-phlasma n metaplasm nmeata-riaghailt n metarule nmeititeis n metathesis n

{meatrags} (cf. E matrix < Lat)meatrags n matrix n

{meileodaidh} (cf. E melody, Ger melodie, < Gk)meileodaidh n melody n

{meiòis} (cf. E meiosis < Gk)meiòis n meiosis n

{meòr-} (G)meòrachail a deliberative a

{meud} (G)meudachail a augmentative ameudachd n amplitude n

{meur} (G)meur n branch n

{mì-} (G)mì-cheart a incorrect amì-riaghailteach a irregular amì-nòrmalachd n abnormality nmì-roinn n misdivision n

{miann} (G)miannachasach a desiderative a

{mìn}co-mhìneachadh n exponence nco-mhìniche n exponent neadar-mhìneachail a interpretative aeadar-mhìneant n interpretant nmìneachadh n explanation n

{minig} (G)minigeach n frequentative nminigeach a frequentative a

{mion} (G)iar-mhion-atharraiche n postmodifier nmion-atharraich v modify vmion-atharraiche n modifier nmion-atharrachadh n modification nmion-chlas fhacal n phr minor word class n phrmion-fhacal n particle nmion-sheantans n minor sentence n phr

{mionam-} (cf. E minim-um)mionamam n minimum nmionamail a minimal a

paidhir mionamail n phr minimal pair nriochd saor mionamail n phr minimal free form n phr

{mionn} (G)mionn n expletive n

{miotas} (cf. E myth, IG miotas)miotas n myth nmiot-eòlas n mythology n

{mìr} (G)mìr-cainnte n part of speech n phrmìr-riochdachadh n synecdoche nprìomh-mhìrean n pl principal parts n phr

{mith} (G)mith-chainnte n gen colloquial a

modh mith-chainnte colloquialism nmith-òran n folksong nmith-sgeul n folk tale n phr

{mòd} (cf. E mode, IG mód)mòd n mode nmòdail a modal amòdaileachd n modality n

mòdaileachd fhreumhach n phrroot modality n phr

{modail} (cf. E model)modail n model nmodail bhrodaidh-fhreagraidh n phr

stimulus-response model n phrmodail-Stammbaum n Stammbaum model n phrtonn-mhodail n wave model n phr

{modh} (G; and cf. IG modh)modh n mood nmodh n register nmodh n style n

modh mith-chainnte colloquialism nriochd modhail n phr polite form n phr

{mol} (G)molaidh n gen panegyric a

dàn-molaidh n eulogy nduan-molaidh n encomium nduan-molaidh n panegyric n

{mona-} (cf. E mono-, IG mona-, < Gk)monaigineachas n monogenesis nmonaimeadar n monometer n

{monalog} (cf. E monologue, IG monalóg, < Fr. < Gk)monalog n monologue n

{Mongoil-} (G)Mongoilis pr n Mongolian pr n

{monmh-} (G)monmhar n murmur nmonmharach a murmured a

{monòid} (cf. E monody, IG monóid, < Gk)monòid n monody n

{mòr} (G)dàn-mòr n epic poem n phrmòr-chlas fhacal n phr major word class n phr

{morf} (cf. E morph- < Gk)alamorf n allomorph nalamorfachd n allomorphy niosamorfachd n isomorphism amoirfeim n morpheme nmoirfeimig n morphemics nmorf n morph nmorfa-cho-chàrail a morphosyntactic amorfa-fòineim n morphophoneme nmorfa-fòineimeach a morphophonemic amorfa-fòn-eòlas n morphophonology nmorfa-leicseachail a morpholexical amorfa-tactaig n morphotactics nmorfa-tòineimig n morphotonemics nmorf cothlamaidh n phr portmanteau morph n phrmorf-eòlach a morphological amorf-eòlachadh n morphologisation nmorf-eòlas n morphology n

{mort} (G)fèin-mhort cànain n phr language suicide n phrmort cànain n phr language murder n phr

{motar} (cf. E motor)mothachaidh-motar a sensorimotor a

{mothach-} (g)mothachaidh-motar a sensorimotor a

{muigh} (G)taoibh-a-muigh external a

{mullach} (G)mullach-sìos a top-down a

{mùth} (G)mùthadh n mutation nmùthadh fuaimreig n phr vowel mutation n phr

N

{nàdar} (G)in-nàdarra a innate ain-nàdarrachd n innateness nnàdarrach a natural anàdarrachd n naturalness n

nàdarrachd fhogharach n phr phonetic naturalness n phrnàdarras n nativism n

{nàir-} (G)riochd nàirichte n phr stigmatised form n phr

{nàisean} (G)cànan nàiseanta n phr national language n phr

{nasg-}, {naisg} (G)co-naisg v conjugate vco-naisgte a conjugated aco-nasgadh n conjugation ndì-naisgeil a disjunctive adì-naisgte n disjunct ndì-naisgte a disjunct a

27

dì-nasgadh n disjunction nfo-naisgeil a subjunct anaisgear n conjunction nnaisgeil a conjunctive anaisgte n conjunct nnaisgte a conjunct anasgadh n conjunction n

{neach} (G)neach-amais n addressee nneach-bruidhne dùthchasach n phr

native speaker n phrneach-fiosrachaidh n informant n

{neacsas} (cf. E nexus < Lat)neacsas n nexus n

{nead} (G)neadachadh n nesting n

{neart} (G)co-neartachaidh n gen intensifying aco-neartaich v intensify vco-neartaichear n intensifier nco-neartmhor a equipollent aneart n strength nneartachadh n fortition nneartaiche n emphasiser nneartmhor a emphatic a

{neo-} (G)co-neo-shamhlachd n biuniqueness nneo-aisigeach n intransitive nneo-aisigeach a intransitive a

roimhear neo-aisigeach n phrintransitive preposition n phr

neo-aisigiche n intransitiviser nneo-anailichte a unaspirated aneo-atharrachail a invariable aneo-bhun-riochd n non-base nneo-bhuntainneach a irrelevant aneo-bhuntainneas n irrelevance nneo-chànanach a non-linguistic aneo-chinneasach a unproductive aneo-chinnteach a indefinite aneo-chinnteachas n indeterminacy nneo-chinntichte a indeterminate, indeterminated aneo-cho-dhealbhach a non-configurational aneo-cho-lideach a imparisyllabic aneo-cho-fhreagarrachd n incompatibility nneo-chomharraichte a unmarked aneo-chumhaichte a unconditioned aneo-chuspaireach a unaccusative aneo-dhàimheach a non-relative aneo-dhà-sheaghach a unambiguous aneo-dheireannach a non-final aneo-dhìreach a indirect a

labhairt neo-dhìreach n phr indirect speech n phrneo-dhisgreiteach a non-discrete aneo-èirgeadach a unergative aneo-eirmseach a infelicitous aneo-eisimeileach a independent nneo-eitneach a non-kernel aneo-fhaclach a non-verbal aneo-fhillte a uncompounded aneo-fhinideach n infinitive n

neo-fhinideach lom n phr bare infinitive n phrneo-fhinideach a infinitive aneo-fhinideach a non-finite aneo-fhoirfe n imperfect nneo-fhoirfe a imperfect aneo-fhoirfeach n imperfective nneo-fhoirfeach a imperfective aneo-fhoirmeil a informal aneo-fhuasgailte a unreleased aneo-ghnìomhach a passive aneo-ghràmadach a ungrammatical aneo-ghuthach a unvoiced, voiceless, aneo-iomallaichte a unbounded aneo-leicsichte a non-lexicalised aneo-leantalach a discontinuous aneo-leantalachas n discontinuity aneo-lìneach a non-linear a

neo-lìonte a unfilled afosadh neo-lìonte n phr unfilled pause n phr

neo-mheadhanach a immediate aneo-niuclasach a non-nuclear aneo-òrdaichte a unordered aneo-phalataichte a non-palatalised aneo-phèireadach a aperiodic aneo-rèalta a unreal aneo-riaghailteach a arbitrary aneo-riaghailteas n arbitrariness aneo-roi-shuidhichte a non-anterior aneo-rotach a non-rhotic aneo-sgarte a non-discrete aneo-sheantans n non-sentence nneo-shaor a fossilised aneo-shlàn a

fuaimreag neo-shlàn n phr impure vowel n phrneo-thèamatach a athematic aneo-theiligeach a atelic aneo-thìmeil a timeless aneo-thònach a atonic aneo-thràthte a untensed a

{neodr-} (cf. e neuter, IG neodr- < Lat)neodrach n neuter nneodrach a neuter aneodrachadh n neutralisation nneodrail a neutral aneonitheach a null nso-neodrachaidh a neutralisable a

{neòra-} (cf. E neuro-, IG néir-, near-)neòra-chànanachas n neurolinguistics n

{ni}, {nì} (G)neonitheach a null nnì leicseachail n phr lexical item n phrnì le pòlaras àicheil n phr negative polarity item n phrnitheil a concrete a

{nial} (cf. IG nialas)nialas n zero nnialasach a zero modnialas-vàlantach a zero-valent a

{Nirribhidh} (G)Nirribhis pr n Norwegian pr n

{niuclas} (cf. E nucleus < Lat)neo-niuclasach a non-nuclear aniuclasach a nuclear a

{nòd} (cf. E node)nòd n node nnòd crìochnach n phr terminal node n phrnòd craobhaidh n phr branching node n phr

{nomaig-} (cf. E gnomic)nomaigeach a gnomic a

{nòrm-} (cf. E norm-, IG -norm, < Lat)mì-nòrmalachd n abnormality nnòrm n norm nnòrmalach a normal anòrmatach a normative a

{nòisean} (cf. e notion, IG nóisean)nòiseanach n notional a

clàr-oideachaidh nòiseanach n phrnotional syllabus n phr

{nòs} (G)nòs n convention n

{not} (G)notaireachd n notation n

{nuadh} (G)nuadh- modern nnuadh-aimsireil modern nnuadhas n innovation nnuadhasach a innovatory anuadh-fhacal n neologism nNuadh-Ghàidhlig pr n

Modern Gaelic pr nNuadh-Gàidhlig Thràthail pr n

Early Modern Gaelic pr n

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28

O

{obar} (G)dòigh-obrach n procedure nobair-lann n laboratory nobrachadh n operation nobraiche n agent nobraiche n operator n

ainmear obraiche n phr agent noun n phrgun obraiche a phr agentless a

obraiche n gen agentive nobrant n operand n

{ochd} (G: and cf. E. octa- < Gk)ochdaimeadar n octameter n

{ocsamòran} (cf. E oxymoron < Gk)ocsamòran n oxymoron n

{ocsaton} (cf. E oxytone < Gk)ocsaton n oxytone nparocsaton n paroxytone n

{ogham} (G)ogham n ogham n

{oibseig} (cf. E object < Lat)oibseig n object n

oibseig bhuailte n phr affected object n phroibseig èifeachda n phr effected object n phroibseig thoraidh n phr object of result n phr

oibseigeach a object modoibseigeach a objective a

{oid-} (G)beul-oideas n folklore nclàr-oideachaidh nòiseanach n phr

notional syllabus n phr{òid} (cf. E ode, IG óid < Gk)

òid n ode nmonòid n monody nparòid n monody ntreanòid f threnody n

{oideirn-} (cf. E hodiernal < Lat)oideirneil a hodiernal a

{oifig} (G)cànan oifigeil n phr official language n phr

{oir} (G)oir n margin noireach a marginal a

{oircheas} (G)oircheasach n benefactive noircheasach a benefactive a

{onamais-}, {onamast-} (cf. E onomasio-, onomast-, < Gk)onamais-eòlas n onomasiology nonamastaig n onomastics n

{onta-} (cf. E onto-, IG onta- < Gk)ontaighineachd n ontogeny nont-eòlach a ontological aont-eòlas n ontology n

{òraid} (G)òraid aonair n phr soliloquy n

{òran} (G)mith-òran n folksong nòran n song n

{òrd-} (G)neo-òrdaichte a unordered aòrdachail n prescriptive nòrdachail a prescriptive aòrdaich v order vòrdaichte a ordered aòrdail a ordinal a

àireamh òrdail n phr ordinal numeral n phròrdugh n order nòrdugh n ordering n

òrdugh fhacal n phr word order n phr{os-} (G)

os-comharrachadh n ostension nos-comharraichte a ostensive aos-lìonadh n suppletion a

os-lìontach a suppletive aos-glotasach a supraglottal aos-teasganach a suprasegmental a

{òsta} (G)òstach n host n

P

{paean} (cf. E paean, IG paeán, < Gk)paean n paean npaeanach a paeanic a

{paidhir} (G)paidhir an còmhgharachd n phr adjacency pair n phr

{paileandrom} (cf. E palindrome, IG palandróm, < Gk)paileandrom n palindrome n

{pailimseist} (cf. E palimpsest, IG pailmseist, < Gk)pailimseist n palimpsest n

{pàirt} (G)com-pàirtiche n participant npàirteach n partitive npàirteach a partitive apàirteachadh n parsing npàirteil a partial a

co-choslachadh pàirteil n phrpartial assimilation n phr

pàirtich v parse v{palae} (cf. E palaeo-, IG palae-)

palaegrafachd n palaeography npalae-ointeòlas n palaeontology n

palae-ointeòlas cànanach n phrlinguistic palaeontology n phr

{palat} (cf. E palate)ailbheal-phalatach a alveolo-palatal adì-phalatachadh n depalatalisation ndì-phalataich v depalatalise vdì-phalataichte a depalatalised aeileactra-palatagrafachd n electropalatography nneo-phalataichte a non-palatalised apalat n palate npalatach n palatal npalatach a palatal apalatachadh n palatalisation npalatagrafachd n palatography npalataich v palatalise vpalataichte a palatalised ameadhan-phalatach n medio-passive nmeadhan-phalatach a medio-passive a

{pan-} (cf. E pan-, IG pan-, < Gk)pancronach a panchronic a

{para-}, {par} (cf. E para-, IG para, pairi-, < Gk)para-chànan n paralanguage npara-cho-thàthte a parasynthetic aparadacs f paradox nparaimeadar n parameter nparanaim n paronym nparanaimeach a paronymic aparataicis n parataxis nparocsaton n paroxytone n

roi-pharocsaton n proparoxytone nparòid n monody n

{paradacs} (cf. Eng paradox, IG paradacsa)paradacs a’ bheachdair n phr observer’s paradox n phr

{paradaim} (cf. E paradigm < Gk)paradaim n paradigm nparadaimeach a paradigmatic a

{paragoig} (cf. E paragoge < Gk)paragoig n paragoge n

{paragraf} (cf. E paragraph, IG paragraf, < Gk)paragraf n paragraph n

{paranamasaidh} (cf. e paronomasia, < Gk)paranamasaidh n paronomasia n

{pàrant} (G)cànan pàrantach n phr parent language n phr

{parasait} (cf. E parasite < Gk)parasaiteach a parasitic a

29

beàrn parasaiteach n phr parasitic gap n phr{pàs} (cf. E phase, IG pas)

co-phàsa n phase n{pàtran} (G)

pàtran n pattern n{pàtranach} (cf. E patron, IG pátrún)

pàtranach n patron n{patranaim} (cf. E patronym-ic < Gk)

patranaim n patronymic n{pearsa} (G)

ciad phearsa n phr first person n phrdàrna pearsa n phr second person n phrpearsa n person npearsanachadh n personification n{pearsa-nt-}eadar-phearsanta a interpersonal npearsanta a personal n

{peinti-} (cf. E penta-, IG peinti-, < Gk)peintimeadar n pentameter n

{peir-} (cf. e per- < Lat)peirleatach n perlative npeirleatach a perlative a

{pèiread} (cf. E period, IG peireod)pèireadach a periodic apèireadachas n periodicity nneo-phèireadach a aperiodic a

{peireaspoman} (cf. E perispomenon < Gk)peireaspoman n perispomenon n

{Peirs-} (cf. E Pers-ian, IG Peirs-)Peirsis pr n Persian pr n

{pidsin} (cf. E pidgin)pidsin n pidgin npidsineachadh n pidginisation n

{pìob} (G)pìob-sgòrnain n windpipe n

{piocta-} (cf. E picto- < Lat)pioctagram n pictogram n

{Piorrach} (cf. E Pyrrhic, IG Piorrach < Gk)Piorrach n Pyrrhic nPiorrach a Pyrrhic a

{piuthar} (G)piuthar-chànan n sister language n phr

{-pleachd}, {-plich} (cf. E im-pli-ate, IG im-pleachd < Lat)eisplichte a explicit aeispleachdas n explicature nimpleachd n implication nimpleachdail a implicational aimpleachdas n implicature nimplich v implicate vimplichte a implicit a

{pleasg-} (G)in-phleasgach n implosive nin-phleasgach a implosive apleasgach n plosive npleasgach a plosive a

{plub} (G)plubadaich n babbling n

{poili-} (cf. E poly-, IG pola-, poili, < Gk))poiligineachas n polygenesis npoiliseimeach a polysemous apoiliseimidh n polysemy npoilisindeaton n polysyndeton n

{pòl-} (G)pòlarach a polar apòlaras n polarity n

pòlaras àicheil n phr negative polarity n phrpòlaras deimhinneach n phr positive polarity n phr

{Polainn} (cf. E Poland, IG Polainn)Polainnis pr n Polish pr n

{Portagail} (cf. E Portugal, IG Portaingéil)Portagailis pr n Portuguese pr n

{posaitibh-} (cf. E positiv-ism, IG posaitíbh-eachas)posaitibheachas n positivism n

{pragmat-} (cf. E pragmatics, IG pragmat-ach, < Gk)pragmatach a pragmatic apragmataig n pragmatics n

{preitirit-} (cf. E pretirite, IG préitirít-each, < Lat)preitiriteach n preterite n

preitiriteach a preterite a{primid-} (cf. E primitive < Lat)

primideach n primitive nprimideach a primitive a

{prìobhaid-} (G)prìobhaideach a private a

gnìomhair prìobhaideach n phrprivate verb n phr

{prìomh} (G)prìomh a primary aprìomhan n prime nprìomh bheum n phr main stress n phrprìomh chlàsa n phr main, principle, clause, n phrprìomh fhacal n phr key word n phrprìomh ghnìomhair n phr main verb n phrprìomh-mhìrean n pl principal parts n phrprìomh-sheantans n principal sentence n phr

{prionnsabal} (G)prionnsabal n principle nprionnsabal aon-dealbhachdaireil n phr

uniformitarian principle n phrprionnsabal rèabais n phr rebus principle n phrprionnsabal tionnsgnaidh n phr projection principle n phr

{proiceileasmat-} (cf. E proceleusmatic < Gk)proiceileasmatach a proceleusmatic a

{pròiseas} (cf. E process, IG próiseas)pròiseas n process npròiseas stocaisteach n phr stochastic process n phr

{prosaid} (cf. E prosody, IG prosóid, < Lat + Gk)prosaid n prosody nprosaideach a prosodic a

{prosapapaìa} (cf. E prosopopoeia < Gk)prosapapaìa n prosopopoeia n

{pròta-} (cf. E proto, IG próta-, < Gk)Pròta-Ind-Eòrpach a Proto-Indo-European apròta-chànan n protolanguage npròtatonach a prototonic a

{protais} (cf. E protasis < Gk)protais n protasis n

{puing} (G)clisg-phuing n exclamation mark n phrloidhne phuingeannan n phr dotted line n phrpuing às-dubhaidh n phr punctum delens n phrpuingich v punctuate npuing os cionn na loidhne n phr turned period n phrpuing stad n phr full stop n phrpungadh n punctuation npungail a punctual a

R

{-radh}, {ràdh} (G)borb-ràdh n barbarism nbun-ràdh n maxim ncaomh-ràdh n euphemism nciall-ràdh n proposition nciall-ràdhach a propositional acòmhradh n conversation n

co-chòmhradh n dialogue ncòmhraiteach a conversational aeadar-ràdh n parenthesis neadar-ràdhach a parenthetical a

gnìomhair eadar-ràdhach n phrparenthetical verb n phr

eàrr-ràdh n appendix niar-ràdh n epilogue niomradh n mention n

co-iomradh n coreference nco-iomraideil a coreferential nsuids-iomradh n switch-reference ntar-iomradh n reference n

trìd-dhoilleir a thaobh tar-iomraidh a phrreferentially opaque a phr

thoir iomradh air v phr refer to v phrràdh n expression n

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30

ràdh tar-iomraideach n phr referring expression n phrràiteas n statement nràiteasach a declarative aroi-ràdh n preface, prologue, ntar-iomraiche n referent ntar-iomraideach a referring modtar-iomraideil a referential a

{randam} (cf. E random, IG randamach)randamach s random a

{rang} (G)rang n rank n

sioftadh ranga n phr rank-shifting nrangach a hierarchical arangachd n hierarchy n

rangachd sho-ruigsinneachd abairtean ainmearach n phrNP accessibility hierarchy n phr

{rann} (G)leth-rann n couplet nmarbhrann n elegy nrann n stanza nrann n verse nrann-gabhail n participle n

rann-gabhail caithte n phr past participle n phrrann-gabhail crochaidh n phr dangling participle n phrrann-gabhail làthaireach n phr

present participle n phrrann-gabhalach a participial a{rann-aigh-eachd}dubh-rannaigheachd n blank verse n phrrannaigheachd n verse nsaor-rannaigheachd n free verse n phr

{raon} (G)raon n field n

{ràta} (cf. E rate, IG ráta)ràta n rate n

{rè} (G)rè n duration nrèitheach a durative arèitheil a durational a

{rèabas} (cf. E rebus, IG réabas)rèabas n rebus n

prionnsabal rèabais n phr rebus principle n phr{reagar} (G)

beurla reagar n phr slang n{rèal-} (cf. E real, IG réal-)

neo-rèalta a unreal arèalachadh n realisation nrèalachas n realism nrèalaich v realise vrèalaidheach a realistic arèalta a real arèaltacht n reality n

{rèama} (cf. E rheme < Gk)rèama n rheme nrèamatach a rhematic a

{reataraig} (cf. E rhetoric, IG reitric < Gk)reataraig n rhetoric nreataraigeil a rhetorical n

{rèidh} (G)rèidh a level a

tòna rèidh n phr level tone n phrrèidheachadh n levelling n

{rèim} (G)rèim n register n

{rèir} (G)co-rèir n

bi an co-rèir ri v phr construe with v phrco-rèireach a proportional a

{reoth-} (G)reothta a petrified a

{reul} (G)reul n asterisk n

{reusan} (G)reusain n gen reason modreusanachas n rationalism n

{ri} (G)cur n co-leasachain ri affixation ndà-chànanas cuir-ris n phr additive bilingualism n phr

{riaghail} (G)meata-riaghailt n metarule nriaghail v govern vriaghladair n governor nriaghladh n government n{riaghail-t}mì-riaghailteach a irregular aneo-riaghailteach a arbitrary aneo-riaghailteas n arbitrariness ariaghailt n rule n

riaghailt ath-sgrìobhaidh n phrrewrite rule n phr

riaghailt catagarach n phr categorical rule n phrriaghailteach a regular a

{rian} (G)rian-comhardaidh n rhyme scheme n phr

{righinn} (G)guth righinn n phr stiff voice n phr

{rìm} (cf. E rhyme, IG rím)rìm n rhyme n

{riochd} (G)ais-riochdachadh n back-formation nath-riochdachadh n copying nao-riochd n aorist nao-riochda a aorist acuir an riochd Beurla anglicise vcuir an riochd Gàidhlig gaelicise viar-riochd n reflex nleas-riochd n pro-form nmìr-riochdachadh n synecdoche nriochd n form n

riochd allegro n phr allegro form n phrriochd cothlamaidh n phr combining form n phrriochd iarmadach n phr relic form n phrriochd ìochdarach n phr underlying form n phrriochd modhail n phr polite form n phrriochd nàirichte n phr stigmatised form n phrriochd saor mionamail n phr minimal free form n phrriochd stadach n phr hesitation form n phr

riochdalach a representative ariochdalachd n representation nriochdalachdail a representational atùs-riochd n protoform n{riochd-air}riochdair n pronoun n

riochdair roimhearach n phr prepositional pronoun n phrriochdaireachadh n pronominalisation nriochdaireil a pronominal a

{riosaton-} (cf. E rhyzotonic < Gk)airiosatonach a arhyzotonic ariosatonach a rhyzotonic a

{ro} (G)ro-cheart a hypercorrect aro-cheartachadh n hypercorrection nro-dhiofarachadh n overdifferentiation nro-fhada a over-long aro-fhaclach a pleonastic aro-fhaclachas n pleonasm nro-ghineadh n overgeneration nro-leudachadh n overextension n

{roghainn}, {roghn-} (G)roghnach a optional a

{roi-}, {roimh} (G)roi-aithriseach a predictive aroi-anailich v preaspirate vroi-anailichte a preaspirated aroi-analachadh n preaspiration nroi-atharraiche n premodifier nroi-bharail n presumption, presupposition, nroi-bheachdach n prospective nroi-bheachdach a prospective aroi-bhàthadh n prodelision nroi-chànanach a prelinguistic aroi-chinntiche n predeterminer nroi-chlaonach a proclitic aroi-claonan n proclitic nroi-chrìochnach a preterminal aroi-chuir v prepose v

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roi-dhèante a ready-made aroi-fhuaimreagach a prevocalic aroi-ghlaicte a anticipatory aroi-ghluasadach a proterokinetic aroi-ghnìomhair n preverb nroi-innleachd n strategy nroi-iomairt n lead nroi-ionadaichte a foregrounded aroi-leantainn n presequence nroi-leasachan n prefix nroi-leasachanach a prefixal aroi-leasachanachadh a prefixation nroi-leasaichte a prefixed aroi-leth-dheireannach a antepenultimate a

for-roi-leth-dheireannach a pre-antepenultimate aroi-pharocsaton n proparoxytone nroi-ràdh n preface, prologue, nroi-shrònaichte a prenasalised aroi-shuidhichte a anterior a

caithte roi-shuidhichte a phr past anterior a phrneo-roi-shuidhichte a non-anterior a

roi-stèidh n premise aroi-thagradh n prolepsis nroi-thagrach a proleptic aroi-theachdaire n antecedent nroi-theachdaireil a antecedent aroi-theòiridheil a pretheoretical a{roimh-ear}roimhear n preposition n

roimhear neo-aisigeach n phrintransitive preposition n phr

trèigeadh roimheir n phr preposition stranding n phrroimhearach a prepositional a

riochdair roimhearach n phr prepositional pronoun n phr{roil-} (G)

roileadh n trill nroilte a rolled aroilte a trilled a

{roinn} (G)co-roinn n distribution nco-roinnteach a distributive amì-roinn n misdivision nroinn fhacal n phr word division n phr

{Ròman-} (cf. E Roman-y, IG Rómán-aí)Ròmanach a Roman a

sgriobta ròmanach n phr Roman script n phrRòmainis pr n Romany pr n

{Ròmans-} (cf. E Romance, IG Rómáns-)Ròmansach a Romance a

{rosg} (G)rosg n prose n

{ro-t-} (cf. E rhotic < Gk)neo-rotach a non-rhotic arotach n rhotic nrotach a rhotic arotachas n rhotacism n

{rud} (G)rudachadh n reification nrudaich v reify v

{ruig} (G)so-ruigsinneachd n accessibility n

{Rùis} (cf. E Russia, IG an Rúis)Rùisis pr n Russian pr n

{ruitheam} (cf. E rhythm, IG rithim)ruitheam n rhythm nruitheamach a rhythmical a

{Rùman-} (cf. E Ruman-ia, IG Rúmáin)Rùmainis pr n Rumanian pr n

{rùn} (G)rùnach a purposive a

{rùsg-} (G)rùsgadh n stripping n

S

{Safach} (cf. E Sapphic, IG Safach, < Gk)Safach n Sapphic nSafach a Sapphic a

{saga} (< ON)saga n saga n

{saideal} (G)saideal n satellite n

{saighead} (G)meadhan-shaighdeach a mid-sagittal asaighead n arrow nsaighdeach a sagittal a

{sàmh-} (G)fosadh sàmhach a silent pause a

{samhail} (G)co-neo-shamhlachd n biuniqueness n

{samhla} (G)mac-samhlachadh n replication nsamhla n symbol n

samhla crìche n phr boundary symbol n phrsamhlachas fuaim n phr sound symbolism n phrsamhl-aithris n allegory nsamhl-aithriseach a allegorical ntùs-shamhail n prototype n

{Samòi-} (cf. E Samoy-)Samòidis pr n Samoyedic pr n

{sampall} (G)sampall n sample n

{sanas} (G)sanas n cue n

{sandhi} (Skr)sandhi n sandhi n

{Sansgrait} (cf. E Sanskrit, IG Sanscrait, < Skr)Sansgrait pr n Sanskrit pr n

{saor} (G)neo-shaor a fossilised ariochd saor mionamail n phr minimal free form n phrsaor a free asaor-rannaigheachd n free verse n phr

{sàth} (G)sàithteach a intrusive a

{schwa} (cf. E, < Heb)schwa n schwa n

{seachainn}, {seachn-} (G)meadhan-sheachnach a centrifugal aseachnach n obviative nseachnach a obviative astoidhle sheachnaidh n phr avoidance style n

{seagh} (G)aon-seaghach a univocal adà-sheaghach a ambiguous adà-sheaghachas n ambiguity ndì-dhà-sheaghaich v disambiguate v

neo-dhà-sheaghach a unambiguous aseagh n sense n

{sèagma} (cf. E zeugma, IG séagma, < Gk)sèagma n zeugma n

{sealbh}, {seilbh} (G)sealbhachadh so-dhealaichte n phr

alienable possession n phrsealbhachadh do-dhealaichte n phr

inalienable possession n phrsealbhadair n possessor n

dìreadh sealbhadair n phr possessor ascension n phrseilbheach n possessive nseilbheach a possessive aco-fhilleadh seilbheach n phr possessive compound n phr

{sean}, {seann-} (G)sean-fhacal n proverb nSeann Bheurla pr n Old English pr nSeann Ghàidhlig pr n Old Gaelic pr nSeann Ghearmailtis Uachdarach pr n

Old High German pr n

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32

Seann Lochlannais pr n Old Norse pr nSeann Slàbhais na h-Eaglaise pr n

Old Church Slavonic pr n{seanchas} (G)

seanchas n tales n pl{seantans} (cf. E sentence)

co-sheantansach n adsentential nco-sheantansach a adsentential aleas-seantans n pro-sentence nmion-sheantans n minor sentence n phrneo-sheantans n non-sentence nseantans n sentence n

seantans co-iomlan n phr complete sentence n phrseantansach a sentential n

beum seantansach n phr sentence stress n phr{Seapain-} (cf. E Japan, IG Seapáin)

Seapainis pr n Japanese pr n{seaptanaire} (cf. E septenary, Lat septenarius)

seaptanaire n septenarius, septenary, n{seas} (G)

buan-sheasmhach n constant abuan-sheasmhach a constant acomhaireachd bhuan-sheasmhach n phr

constant opposition n phrco-sheasmhach a consistent aco-sheasmhachd n consistency nmeadhan-sheasmhach a mesostatic atùs-sheasmhach a acrostatic a

{seat} (cf. E set)seata n set n

{Seic} (cf. E Czech, IG Seic-is)Seicis pr n Czech pr n

{sèid} (G)co-shèideadh n conflation n

{seilbh}, see {sealbh}{seim-} (cf E sem-ant-ic, IG seim-eantaic, < Gk)

aon-seimeach a polysemous aaon-seimidh n polysemy neineantaiseimidh n enantiosemy npoiliseimeach a polysemous apoiliseimidh n polysemy nseimeantach a semantic aseimeantaig n semantics n

seimeantaig chumhaichean-fìrinne n phrtruth-conditional semantics n phr

seimeantaigeachd n semanticity nseimeinteim n semanteme nseimeotaig n semiotics n

{seimeis-} (cf. E semasio-logy < Gk)seimeis-eòlais n semasiology n

{sèimh} (G)dì-shèimheachadh n delenition nsèimheachadh n lenition nsèimhich v lenite vsèimhichte a lenited a

{Seimit-} (cf. E Semitic, IG Seimít-each)Seimiteach a Semitic a

{Sèirb-} (cf. E Serb-ia, IG Seirb)Sèirbis pr n Serbian pr n

{seòl} (G)siostam seòlaidh n phr addressing system n phr

{seòrsa} (G)seòrsa n type nseòrsa n variety n

seòrsa sgeulachd n phr tale type nseòrsachadh n classification n

seòrsachadh ainmear n phr noun classification n phrseòrsaiche n classifier nseòrsail a sortal a

{sgàin} (G)sgàineadh n split nsgàinte a split a

{sgal-} (G)sgalanta a strident a

{sgamh-} (G)sgamhanach a pulmonic a

{sgan} (G: cf E scan, IG scan-adh)sgan v scan v

sganadh n scansion n{sgaoil} (G)

sgaoileadh n spreading nsgaoilte a spread asgaoilteachd n spread n

{sgar} (G)dà-sgaradh n dichotomy ndà-sgarte a dichotic adì-sgartach n deponent n

leth-dhì-sgartach n semi-deponent ndì-sgartach a deponent a

leth-dhì-sgartach a semi-deponent ado-sgaraichte a inseparable aeadar-sgaradh n distinction nlìonsgaradh n diffusion nneo-sgarte a non-discrete asgarte a discrete a

{sgèil} (cf. E scale)sgèile n scale nsgèileach a scalar a

{sgeul} (G)bàrdachd-sgeòil n narrative poetry n phrmith-sgeul n folk tale n phrsgeul n story nsgeulachd n story nsgeulachd n tale n

seòrsa sgeulachd n phr tale type nsgeulaiche n storyteller nuirsgeul n folk tale n phr

{sgoil} (G)bàrdachd nan sgoil n bardic poetry n phrsgoile duibhe n phr gen hocus pocus mod

{sgolt-} (G)breug-sgoilteach n pseudo-cleft nsgoilte a cleft asgoilteach n cleft n

{sgop} (cf. E scope)sgop n scope n

{sgor} (G)cùl-sgoradh n backslash nfiar-sgoradh n oblique n (= oblique slash n phr)sgoradh n slash n

{sgòrn-} (G)pìob-sgòrnain n windpipe nsgòrnan n throat n

{sgrìob} (G)sgrìob n dash nsgrìob-cheangail n hyphen n

{sgrìobh} (G)ath-sgrìobhadh n

riaghailt ath-sgrìobhaidh n phrrewrite rule n phr

for-sgrìobhte a superscript afo-sgrìobhte a superscript aleac-sgrìobhadh n epitaph ntar-sgrìobh v transcribe vtar-sgrìobhadh n transcription n

tar-sgrìobhadh caol n phr narrow transcription n phrtar-sgrìobhadh co-thuairmseach n phr

impressionistic transcription n phr{sgriobta} (cf. E script)

sgriobta n script nsgriobta ròmanach n phr Roman script n phr

{sìce-}, {sìc-} (cf. E psycho-, IG síc-, < Gk)sìce-chànanachas n psycholinguistics nsìc-eòlas n psychology n

sìc-eòlas cànain n phr language psychology n phr{sileipse} (cf. E syllepsis, IG siléipse, < Gk)

sileipse n syllepsis n{simeadr-} (cf. E symmetr-, IG siméadr-, Ger symmetr-, < Gk)

aisimeadrach a asymmetrical aaisimeadrachd n asymmetry nsimeadrach a symmetrical asimeadrachd n symmetry n

{simile} (cf. E simile < Gk)simile n simile n

{sìmplidh} (G)sìmpleachadh n simplification n

33

sìmplich v simplify vsìmplidh a simple n

{sin-}, {sion-}, {si-} (cf. E syn-, sym-, IG sin, sion, si- < Gk)simeadrach a symmetrical asimeadrachd n symmetry nsincreiteachd n syncretism nsindeatach a syndetic asindeaton n syndeton n

aisindeatach a asyndetic aaisindeaton n asyndeton npoilisindeaton n polysyndeton n

sineacdoic n synecdoche nsineirise n synaeresis nsinteis n synthesis nsionanaim n synonym nsionanaimeach a synonymous asionanaimidh n synonymy nsioncoip n syncope nsioncronach a synchronic asionopsas n synopsis nsionoptach a synoptic asiontam n syntagm nsiontamach a syntagmatic a

{sìn}1, {soighne} (G)cànan shoighnichean n phr sign language n phrsìn n sign nsìneachadh n signification nsìnich v signify vsìniche n signifier nsìnichte n signified nsìnichte a signified asoighne n sign nsoighne cuir-ris n phr plus sign n phr

{sìn}2 (G)co-shìnte a parallel a

gleusan co-shìnte n phr parallel constructions n phrco-shìnteachas n parallelism n

{sindeat-} (cf. E syndet-on < Gk)aisindeatach a asyndetic aaisindeaton n asyndeton npoilisindeaton n polysyndeton nsindeatach a syndetic asindeaton n syndeton n

{Sìne} (G)Sìnis pr n Chinese pr n

{sineacdoic} (cf. E synecdoche < Gk)sineacdoic n synecdoche n

{sìneas} (cf. E sine, IG síneas)tonn sìneis n phr sine wave n phr

{sineirise} (cf. E synaeresis < Gk)sineirise n synaeresis n

{singilte} (G)àireamh shingilte n phr singular number n phrsingilte a singular a

{sinnsir} (G)cànan sinnsireil n phr ancestor language n phr

{sioft} (G)ais-sioftadh n back-shifting nsioftadh ranga n phr rank-shifting nsioftadh slabhraidheach n phr chain shift n phr

{siogmat-} (cf. E sigma-tic < Gk)siogmatach a sigmatic a

{Sionail-} (cf. E Sinhal-ese, IG Siolóin-is, < Skr)Sionailis pr n Sinhalese pr n

{sioncatagoireim} (cf. E syncategorem < Gk)sioncatagoireim n syncategorem nsioncatagoireimeach a syncategorematic a

{sioncoip-} (cf. E syncop-, IG sioncóip-, < Gk)sioncoip n syncope nsioncoipeadh n syncopation n

{sionop-} (cf. E synop- < Gk)sionopsas n synopsis nsionoptach a synoptic a

{sìor} (G)sìor-ghnàthach a habitual a

{sios-} (cf. IG sios-ach)co-shiosachadh n assibilation nsiosach n sibilant n

siosach a sibilant asiosachas n sibilance n

{sìos} (G)mullach-sìos a top-down a

{siostam} (G)aon-siostamach a monosystemic asiostam n system n

siostam cànain n phr language system n phrsiostam seòlaidh n phr addressing system n phr

siostamach a systemic asiostamatach a systematic atar-shiostam n diasystem n

{sìo(th)la-} (G)sìoltachan n filter ntar-shìothladh n percolation n

{Sìr-} (cf. E Syr-iac, IG Sír-is)Sìris pr n Syriac pr n

{Slàbh} (cf, E Slav, IG Slabh-ach)Slàbhach a Slavic aSlàbhais pr n Slavonic pr nSeann Slàbhais na h-Eaglaise pr n

Old Church Slavonic pr n{slabhraidh} (G)

sioftadh slabhraidheach n phr chain shift n phr{slàn} (G)

neo-shlàn afuaimreag neo-shlàn n phr impure vowel n phr

slàn a pure afuaimreag shlàn n phr pure vowel n phr

{slaod-} (G)slaodadh leis n phr pied piping n phr

{sleamhainn} (G)sleamhnan n glide nsleamhnan-air n on-glide nsleamhnan-dheth n off-glide n

{slighe} (G)slighe n path nslighe n tract nslighe a’ ghutha n phr vocal tract n phrslighe bheòil n phr oral tract n phrslighe shròine n phr nasal tract n phr

{sliochd} (G)sliochd n descendants n pl

{sliot-} (cf. IG sliot-an)sliotan n slot n

{Slòbhac-} (cf. E Slovak, IG Slóvac)Slòbhaicis pr n Slovakian n

{Slòibhein-} (cf. E Slovene, IG Slóivean-ach)Slòibheinis pr n Slovenian n

{sloinn-} (G)sloinneadh n patronym n

{slugan} (G)cìoch-shlugain n uvula ncìche-slugain n gen uvular a

{smachd} (G)ball-smachda n control nsmachd n control ngnìomhair smachda n phr control verb n

{smuain} (G)bun-smuain n concept n

{snaidhm} (G)co-shnaidhm n adjunct nco-shnaidhmeach a adjunctive nco-shnaidhmeadh n adjunction n

{snas} (G)snasachail a dissective a

{so-} (G)so-cheartachaidh a corrigible aso-cheartachd a corrigibility nso-chluinntinn a audible aso-chunntaidh a countable aso-dhealaichte a alienable a

sealbhachadh so-dhealaichte n phralienable possession n phr

so-ghluasaid a movable aso-ionnsachaidheachd n learnability nso-mhalairteachd n substitutability nso-ruigsinneachd n accessibility n

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34

rangachd sho-ruigsinneachd abairtean ainmearach n phrNP accessibility hierarchy n phr

so-thuigsinn a intelligible a{sò-} (cf E zoo-, IG só-, < Gk)

sònaim n zoonym n{socair} (G)

fèin-in-shocrachadh n self-embedding nin-shocrachadh n embedding n

{soileicis} (cf. E solecism < Gk)soileiceis n solecism n

{soilleir} (G)trìd-shoilleireachd n transparency n

{soirbh} (G)cumhaichean soirbheachd n phr

felicity conditions n phr{sòise-}, {sòisealta} (G)

sòisealta a social asòise-chànanach a sociolinguistic asòise-chànanachas n sociolinguistics n

{solar} (G)às-solar n output n

{sòn-} (cf. E son-ant, IG sond-as)ath-shònach n resonant nath-shònach a resonant asònach n sonant nsònarach n sonorant nsònarach a sonorant asònarachd n sonority n

{sonaid} (cf. E sonnet, IG soinéad)sonaid n sonnet n

{sònr-} (G)ainmear sònrachaidh n phr proper noun n phrfo-shònraichte a underspecified ain-sònrachaidh n gen isolating nin-sònraichte a isolated a

comhaireachd in-sònraichte n phrisolated opposition n phr

cànan in-sònraichte n phr language isolate n phrsònrachadh n specification nsònraichte a specified a

cànan-shònraichte a language specific a phr{Spàinn} (G)

Spàinnis pr n Spanish pr n{spàs} (cf. E space, IG spás)

spàsail a spatial a{speactra-} (cf. E spectro-, IG speictre-, < Lat)

speactragraf n spectrograph nspeactragram n spectrogram n

{speisealta} (cf. E special, IG speisialta)speisealta a special a

claonan speisealta n phr special clitic n phrspeisealtachadh n specialisation n

{spoindè} (cf. E spondee, IG spoindé, < Gk)spoindè n spondee nspoindèach a spondaic a

{spontain-each} (cf. E spontaneous, IG spontáineach)spontaineach a spontaneous a

atharrachadh-fuaim spontaineach n phrspontaneous sound-change n phr

{sporad-ach} (cf. E sporadic)sporadach a sporadic a

atharrachadh-fuaim sporadach n phrsporadic sound-change n phr

{spreig} (G)spreigeach a active a

{spùnair-eachd} (G) (cf. E spooner-ism, IG spúnairaíocht)spùnaireachd n spoonerism n

{sràc} (G)sràc n accent nsràc ghiorraid n phr breve n

{sreang} (G)sreang n string n

{sreath} (G)leth-shreath n half-line nsreath n line nsreath n series nsreathach a serial a

gleus ghnìomhairean sreathach n phr

serial verb construction n phrsreath-dhàn n poem sequence n phrsreath fada n phr long line n phr

{sròn} (G)dì-shrònachadh n denasalisation nroi-shrònaichte a prenasalised aslighe shròine n phr nasal tract n phrsrònach n nasal nsrònach a nasal asrònachd n nasality nsrònachadh n nasalisation nsrònaich v nasalise vsrònaichte a nasalised a

{sruth} (G)uidheam sruth-èadhair n phr airstream mechanism n

{stac} (G)stacadh n stacking n

{stad} (G)puing stad n phr full stop n phrriochd stadach n phr hesitation form n phrstadaich n hesitation n

{Stammbaum} (Ger}modail-Stammbaum n Stammbaum model n phr

{staid} (G)constaideach a constative astaideach a stative astaideil a statal a

{staitist-} (cf. E statistic-, IG staitist-)staitisteach a statistical astaitistig n statistics n

{stèidh} (G)roi-stèidh n premise astèidhte a established a

{stoc} (G)stoc n stem n

{stocaist-} (cf. E stochastic < Gk)pròiseas stocaisteach n phr stochastic process n phr

{stoidhle} (G)stoidhle n style n

stoidhle sheachnaidh n phr avoidance style nstoidhl-eòlas n stylistics n

{stòiridh} (G)stòiridh n story nstòiridh n tale n

{-strat-} (cf. E -strat- < Lat)adstratam n adstratum naon-stratach a monostratal aforstratam n superstratum nioma-stratach a multistratal astratachadh n stratification nstratam n stratum nsubstratam n substratum n

{strataidsidh} (cf. E strategy, IG straitéis)strataidsidh n strategy n

{stròf} (cf. E strophe, IG stróf, < Gk)stròf n strophe nstròfach a strophic a

{structar} (cf. E structure)ath-structaradh n restructuring nstructar n structure n

eisimeileachd structair n phr structure-dependency nstructar abairt n phr phrase structure n phrstructar domhainn n phr deep structure n phr

structarach a structural astructarachas n structuralism n

{suaicheantas} (G)facal-suaicheantais n motto n

{Suain} (G)Suainis pr n Swedish pr n

{Suaihili} (cf. E Swahili < Ar)Suaihili pr n Swahili pr n

{suas} (G)bonn-suas a bottom-up a

{suath} (G)gun suathadh frictionless a

leanmhainneach gun suathadh n phrfrictionless continuant n

suathach n fricative n

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suathach caol-eagach n phr groove, rill, fricative n phrsuathach leathann-eagach n phr

slit fricative n phrsuathach a fricative asuathachadh n spirantisation nsuathadh n friction nsuathaidh n gen fricative a

{sub}, {suib-} (cf. E sub- < Lat)sublatach n sublative nsublatach a sublative asubstratam n substratum nsubtraicseach a subtractive a

dà-chànanas subtraicseach n phrsubtractive bilingualism n phr

subtraicsean n subtraction nsuibeiseach n subessive nsuibeiseach a subessive a

{sùgh} (G)in-sùghadh n suction nsùghadh n absorption n

{suibseig} (cf. E subject < Lat)suibseig n subject nsuibseigeach a subject modsuibseigeach a subjective asuibseigeachd n subjectivity nsuibseigeachadh n subjectivisation nsuibseig-fhollaiseach a subject-prominent a

{suidh} (G)àiteachan suidheachaidh n phr privilege of occurrence n phràs-suidheachadh n extraposition nco-shuidheachadh n apposition nco-shuidheachail a appositional afor-shuidheachadh n prosthesis nfor-shuidhichte a prosthetic nin-shuidheachadh n setting n

in-shuidheachadh fònachail n phrphonatory setting n phr

iom-shuidhichte a circumstantial aneo-roi-shuidhichte a non-anterior aroi-shuidhichte a anterior a

caithte roi-shuidhichte a phr past anterior a phrsuidheachadh n position nsuidheachail a positional asuidhichte a fixed a

{suids} (cf. E switch)suidseadh còd n phr code switching n phrsuids-iomradh n switch-reference n

{suim} (G)suimeach a suimeach a

{sulc-} (cf. E sulc-al < Lat)sulcail a sulcal a

{Sùlu-} (cf. E Zulu, IG Súlú)Sùluthais pr n Zulu pr n

{Suòma-} (cf. Suomi)Suòmais pr n Finnish pr n

{susbaint}susbaint n content nsusbaint n substance nsusbainteach n substantive nsusbainteach a substantive a

{svarabhakti} (Skr)svarabhakti n svarabhakti n

T

{tàbh-} (G)tàbhachd f validity n

{tabhar-} (G)tabhartach n dative n

tabhartach iomraideil n phr dative of respect n phrtabhartach a dative a

{tabù} (cf. E taboo, IG tabú, < Tongan)facal tabù n phr taboo word n phr

{tachair} (G)ath-thachartach a recurrent a

ath-thachartasach a recursive atachartas n phenomenon n

{tacsanamaidh} (G)tacsanamaidh n taxonomy ntacsanamaidh an t-sluaigh n phr

folk taxonomy n{tadhail} (G)

co-thadhail n gen contact mod{taga} (G)

taga n tag n{tagh} (G)

taghadh n selection ntaghadhail a selectional a

cuingealachadh taghadhail n phrselectional restriction n phr

{tagr-} (G)roi-thagradh n prolepsis nroi-thagrach a proleptic a

{Tai} (cf. E Thai)Tai pr n Tai pr n

{taic} (G)taiceil a auxiliary a

{-taic-}, {-tac-}{-tact-aig} (cf. E -tactics < Gk)fòna-tactaig n phonotactics ntactaig n tactics n{-taic-is} (cf. E -taxis < Gk)hiopataicis n hypotaxis nparataicis n parataxis n

{taigm-}, {-tam} (cf. E syn-tagm, tagm-eme, < Gk)siontam n syntagm nsiontamach a syntagmatic ataigmeim n tagmeme ntaigmeimig n tagmemics n

{Taimil} (cf. E Tamil, < Dravidian)Taimil pr n Tamil pr n

{taisbean-} (G)taisbeanach n indicative ntaisbeanach a indicative a

{talla}, {alla} (G)ceist mhic-thalla n phr echo question n phrfacal mhic-thalla n phr echo-word n

{-tam}, see {taigm-}{taobh} (G)

aon-taobhach a unilateral adà-thaobhach a bilateral aioma-taobhach a multilateral aleth-taobhadh n hedge ntaobhach n lateral ntaobhach a lateral ataoibh-a-muigh external a

{tap-ag}, (G)tapag n slip of the tongue n phr

{tar-}, (G)tar-àicheidh v negate ntar-aimsireil a longitudinal atar-atharrachadh n transition ntar-atharrachail a transitional atar-chatagarachd n cross-categorisation ntar-chànanachail a cross-linguistic atar-cheangal n juncture atar-fhoghar n diaphone ntar-ghluaiste a transferred a

ciall thar-ghluaiste n phr transferred meaning n phrtar-iathach a overlapping atar-iathadh n overlapping ntar-iomlaid n transform ntar-iomlaideachadh n transformation ntar-iomlaideach a transformational a

gràmar tar-iomlaideach n phrtransformational grammar n phr

tar-iomlaidich v transform vtar-iomlaidichte a transformed atar-iomradh n reference n

trìd-dhoilleir a thaobh tar-iomraidh a phrreferentially opaque a phr

tar-iomraiche n referent ntar-iomraideach a referring mod

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36

ràdh tar-iomraideach n phr referring expression n phrtar-iomraideil a referential atar-leasachan n transfix ntar-sgrìobh v transcribe vtar-sgrìobhadh n transcription n

tar-sgrìobhadh caol n phr narrow transcription n phrtar-sgrìobhadh co-thuairmseach n phr

impressionistic transcription n phrtar-shiostam n diasystem ntar-shìothladh n percolation ntar-thionntadh n translation vtar-thionntaidh v translate vtar-thionntaidheach a translative a

{tarcais} (G)tarcaiseach n pejorative ntarcaiseach a pejorative a

{targaid} (G)targaid n target n

{tarraing} (G)às-tarraing n extraction ntarraing n attraction n

{tàta-} (cf. E tauto- < Gk)tàtailideach a tautosyllabic a

{tàth} (G)co-thàthadh n synthesis nco-thàthte a synthetic a

ioma-cho-thàthte a polysynthetic apara-cho-thàthte a parasynthetic a

dì-thàthadh n decomposition ndì-thàthadh leicseachail n phr lexical decomposition n phr

tàthan n hyphen n{teachd} (G)

roi-theachdaire n antecedent nroi-theachdaireil a antecedent ateachd-am-follais n emergence n{teachd-ail}teachdail n future nteachdail a future a

{teacsa} (G)co-theacsa n context nco-theacsachadh n contextualisation nteacsa n text nteacsail n textual nteacsaileachd n textuality n

{teagamh}, {teagmh-} (G)teagmhasach n dubitative nteagmhasach a dubitative a

{teagasg} (G)ceann-teagaisg n text n

{teaghlach} (G)teaghlach-cànain n language family n phr

{tèama} (cf. E theme)neo-thèamatach a athematic atèama n theme ntèamatach a thematic atèamatachadh n thematisation n

{teanga} (G)bun teangaidh n phr tongue root n phrdà-theangach a diglossic adà-theangachas n diglossia neadar-theangaich v translate veadar-theangachadh n translation nmeall-teangaidh n gen tongue-body modteangach n lingual nteangach a lingual ateanga-lipeach n linguo-labial nteanga-lipeach a linguo-labial a

{teann} (G)teann a tense ateanntachd n tension n

{teàrainn}, {teàrn-} (G)teàrnadh n descent n

{tearc} (G)tearcail a paucal a

{tèasaras} (cf. E thesaurus < Gk)tèasaras n thesaurus n

{teasg-} (cf. IG teascán)os-teasganach a suprasegmental a

teasgan n segment nteasganach a segmental a

co-bhreath theasganach n phrsegmental tier n phr

teasganachadh n segmentation n{teich} (G)

teichmheach a fugitive a{teile-} (cf E tele-, teleo-, < Gk

teil-eòlach a teleological ateil-eòlas n teleology n{teilig-} (cf. E telic < Gk)neo-theiligeach a atelic ateiligeach a telic a

{téis}, {-teis} (cf. E thesis, IG hipi-téis, < Gk)ainteis n antithesis nhipiteis n hypothesis nhipiteise-dheaductach a hypothetico-deductive ahipiteisich v hypothesise vsinteis n synthesis ntèis n thesis n

{teitri-} (cf. E tetra-, IG teitri-, < Gk)teitrimeadar n tetrameter n

{teòir-} (cf. E theor-y, IG teoiric, < Gk)roi-theòiridheil a pretheoretical ateòiridh n theory n

teòiridh fhiosrachaidh n phr information theory nteòiridheil a theoretical a

{tessitura} (It)tessitura n tessitura n

{teud} (G)teudan a’ ghutha n phr vocal cords n phr

{Tibeat} (cf. E Tibet)Tibeatais pr n Tibetan pr n

{tilde} (cf. E tilde < Sp)tilde n tilde n

{tilg} (G)às-tilgeil a ejective acùl-thilgte a

aiceann cùl-thilgte n phr recessive accent n phr{tìm} (G)

doimhne thìm n phr time depth n phrneo-thìmeil a timeless atìmeil a temporal atìmichte a timed a

beum-thìmichte a stress-timed alide-thìmichte a syllable-timed a

{timbre} (Fr)timbre n timbre n

{tionnsgn-} (G)prionnsabal tionnsgnaidh n phr projection principle n phr

{tionnt-} (G)iom-thionntadh n inversion niom-thionntaidh a inverse, inverted, atar-thionntadh n translation vtar-thionntaidh v translate vtar-thionntaidheach a translative ationntadh n version n

{tlam} (G)cothlamach a combinatory a

caochlaich chothlamach n phrcombinatory variants n phr

cothlamadh n blend nmorf cothlamaidh n phr portmanteau morph n phrriochd cothlamaidh n phr combining form n phr

{tmèisis} (cf. E tmesis < Gk)tmèisis n tmesis n

{tog} (G)togail n acquisition n

{toil} (G)toileasach a volitive a

{toinn} (G)co-thoinnte a complex a

{toirmeasg} (G)toirmeasg v proscribe v

{tois-}, {tòis-} (G)toiseach facail

aig toiseach facail word-initial aath-thòiseachail a resumptive a

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tòiseachail a inchoative a{tomh-} (G)

abairt thomhais n phr measure phrase n phrbun-tomhas n standard nbun-tomhasach a standard abun-tomhasachadh n standardisation ndo-cho-thomhais a incommensurable ado-cho-thomhasachd n incommensurability aèadhar-thomhas n aerometry nfo-thomhasach a substandard aion-cho-thomhais a commensurable aion-cho-thomhasachd n commensurability a

{tòna} (cf. E tone, IG ton)in-tònachd n intonation nmorfa-tòineimig n morphotonemics ntòineim n toneme ntòna n tone n

tòna crìche n phr boundary tone n phrtòna rèidh n phr level tone n phr

tònaigineachas n tonogenesis ntònail a tonal a{tònach} (cf. E tonic)neo-thònach a atonic aroi-thònach a pretonic atònach a tonic atònachd n tonicity a

{tonn} (G)tonn-mhodail n wave model n phrtonn sìneis n phr sine wave n phr

{topa-} (cf. E topo- < Gk)topanaim n toponym ntopanaimeach a toponymic ntopanaimidh n toponymy n

{topaig} (cf. E topic < Gk)topaig n topic ntopaigeachadh n topicalisation ntopaig-fhollaiseach a topic-prominent atopaigte a topicalised a

{toradh} (G)co-thoradhach a resultative a

{tràchd-} (G)tràchdas n thesis n

{traiche} (cf. E trachea, IG traicé, < Gk)traiche n trachea n

{traics-} (cf. E -traction < Lat)subtraicseach a subtractive a

dà-chànanas subtraicseach n phrsubtractive bilingualism n phr

subtraicsean n subtraction n{traidisean} (G)

gràmar traidiseanta n phr traditional grammar n{tràth} (G)

co-leanmhainn thràthan n phrsequence of tenses n phr

Gàidhlig Thràthail pr n Early Gaelic pr nneo-thràthte a untensed aNuadh-Ghàidhlig Thràthail pr n

Early Modern Gaelic pr ntràth n tense ntràthte a tensed a

{treanòid} (cf. E threnody < Gk)treanòid f threnody n

{trèan} (G)trèanadh-cluais n ear-training n

{treas} (G)treas a third ntreasacha a tertiary atreas coimeas n phr third comparative degree n phrtreas pearsa n phr third person n phr

{trèig} (G)trèigeadh roimheir n phr preposition stranding n phr

{treòr-} (G)treòrachail n directional ntreòrachail a directional a

{trì} (G)trì-lide n trisyllable ntrì-lideach a trisyllabic atrì-mheadar n trimeter n

trì-mheadrach a trimeter atrì-vàlantach a trivalent a

{trian} (G)trianach a trial atrianach n trial n{trian-tan}triantanach a triangular a

{tric} (G)co-thricead n incidence n

{trìd} (G)trìd-dhoilleir a opaque a

trìd-dhoilleir a thaobh tar-iomraidh a phrreferentially opaque a phr

trìd-dhoilleireachd n opacity ntrìd-labhairteach a perlocutionary atrìd-shoilleireachd n transparency n

{triobailte} (G)triobailte a triple a

{tròicè} (cf. E trochee, IG tróicae, Fr trochée, < Gk)tròicè n trochee ntròicèach a trochaic a

{troigh} (G)troigh n foot n

{trom}, {truim-} (G)trom a grave atrom a heavy atruimead n weight n

{trop} (cf. E trope, IG trop, < Gk)trop n figure of speech n phrtrop n trope ntropach a figurative a

{truaill} (G)truailleadh n contamination n

{trus} (G)trusaidh n gen collective a

{tuair-} (G){tuair-m-eas} (G)tar-sgrìobhadh co-thuairmseach n phr

impressionistic transcription n phrtuairmeas n conjecture n{tuairi-sgeal} (G)geàrr-thuairisgeal n précis ntuairisgeal n description ntuairisgealach a descriptive a

{tuig} (G)do-thuigsinn a unintelligible aeadar-thuigseanta a mutually intelligible aneo-eadar-thuigseanta a mutually unintelligible aneo-thuigseanta a unintelligible ari tuigsinn understood aso-thuigsinn a intelligible atuigseanta a intelligible a

{Tuirc} (G)Tuircis n Turkish pr n

{tuiseal} (G)às-tuislidh a caducous atuiseal n case n

{tuit} (G)tuiteamach a adventitious atuiteamach a falling atuit-èirich a fall-rise a

{turas} (G)turas n turn n

{Turing} (E)inneal Turing n phr Turing machine n phr

{turn-} (G)turnamh n bathos n

{turrach} (G)cromag thurrach n phr inverted comma n phr

{tùs} (G)tùsach a initial atùs-riochd n protoform ntùs-shamhail n prototype ntùs-sheasmhach a acrostatic a

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38

U

{uachdar} (G)Gearmailtis Uachdarach pr n High German pr nSeann Ghearmailtis Uachdarach pr n

Old High German pr nuachdar n surface n{uachdaran}uachdranachd n domain n

{uaim} (< EG úaim)uaim n alliteration nuaimeach a alliterative n

{uaithne} (< EG úaitne)uaithne n consonance n

{Ucràin} (cf. E Ukraine, IG Ucráin, < Russ ukráina)Ucràinis pr n Ukrainian pr n

{uidheam} (G)uidheam sruth-èadhair n phr airstream mechanism n

{Uigean-} (cf. E Viking, IG Uiging-each, < ON víkingr)Uigeanach pr n Viking pr nUigeanach a Viking a

{uile} (G)uile-chainnteach a panlectal auile-choitcheann n universal nuile-choitcheann a universal auile-choitcheannas conaltraidh n phr

universe of discourse n phruile-ghabhalachd n exhaustiveness nuile-ghluasadach a holokinetic a

{ùine} (G)ùine ionnsaigh ghutha n phr voice onset time n phr

{uireasbhaidh} (G)uireasbhach a defective a

{uirsgeul} (G)uirsgeul n folk tale n phr

{ullaich}, {ullach-} (G)ullachail a preparatory a

cumha ullachail n phr preparatory condition n phr{umlabht} (Ger umlaut)

umlabht n umlaut n{Ungair} (cf. E Hungar-y, IG Ungáir)

Ungairis pr n Hungarian pr n{ur} (G)

ur-dhubhadh n eclipsis n{Ùral-} (cf. E Ural-ic, IG Úráil-is)

Ùrailis pr n Uralic pr n{Urdù} (cf. E Urdu, IG Urdú-is, < Hin urdú)

Urdù pr n Urdu pr n{urram} (G)

urram n respect nurramach a honorific a

V

{vàlant} (cf. E val-ent)aon-vàlantach a monovalent adà-vàlantach a bivalent anialas-vàlantach a zero-valent atrì-vàlantach a trivalent avàlant n valent nvàlantachd n valency n

{Vèid-} (cf. E Ved-ic < Skr véda)Vèidis pr n Vedic pr n

{vèil-} (cf. E velum < Lat)lipe-vèilearach n labiovelar nlipe-vèilearach a labiovelar avèileach a velic avèileam n velum nvèilearach a velar avèilearachadh n velarisation nvèilearaich v velarise vvèilearaichte a velarised avèilearail a velaric a

{Viet Nam-} (cf. E Vietnam)Viet Namais pr n Vietnamese pr n

{vrrdhi} (Skr)vrrdhi n vrrdhi n

W

{Wellentheorie} (Ger)Wellentheorie n Wellentheorie n

X

{X-bàr} (cf. E X-bar)co-chàradh X-bàr n phr X-bar syntax n phr

39