c i v i cu s

#1 dekemberi 2014

03 redaqtoris sveti giorgi lolaSvili

04 CELA - demokratiuli

sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis qeTi sarTania

09 wignebi - saqarTvelos elCebi

miunxenSi qeTi mestviriSvili

12 moqalaqe mezRvaurimariam guliaSvili

14 ra dabrkolebebs xvdeba

moxaliseoba saqarTveloSieka darbaiZe

16 pirveli nabijebi samoqalaqo

sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis levan lorTqifaniZe

18 ratom unda gavzomoT

moxaliseoba?Tamar qaraia

24 tyviagaumtari precedentigiorgi lolaSvili

26 FACEBOOK-iT gaaqtiurebuli

axalgazrdebiTornike bolokaZe

s a r C e v i

02 | CIVICUS#1

redaqtoris

sveti

giorgi lolaSvili

Secvla scades. es adamianebi Cveni socialuri da

politikuri garemos gaumjobesebaze zrunaven.

ivimedovnebT, Cven mier miwodebuli informacia

mkiTxvelSi gaaCens im naperwkals, romelic waaxal-

isebs samoqalaqo aqtivobas,

civicus-is pirvel nomerSi vrclad mogiyvebiT

CELA-s misiisa da saqmianobis Sesaxeb. swored

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis xelSewyobis ideam gaaer-

Tiana am Jurnalis SemdgenelTa jgufi, romelTa

didi nawili "demokratia da moqalaqeobis" kursdam-

Tavrebulia.

JurnalSi aseve visaubrebT moxaliseobaze, rogorc

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebis erT-erT

umTavres indikatorze da SevxvdebiT adamianebs,

romelTa samoqalaqo aqtivobis mizani sxvaTa cx-

ovrebis ukeTesobisken Secvla iyo.

"Tavad iyavi is cvlileba, romelic gsurs, rom mox-

des samyaroSi", - mahaTma gandis es gamonaTqvami

asociaciis devizia, romlis saqmeSi ganxorcielebis

mcdelobebs JurnalSi araerTxel SexvdebiT.

03 | CIVICUS#1

mogesalmebiT 'samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa

asociaciis' (CELA) Jurnal civicus-is pirvel

gverdze. sanam Jurnalis SigTavss gaecnobiT, gvin-

da, mokled warmogidginoT misi koncefcia.

dResdReobiT saqarTvelo mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs

ganicdis, iRebs axal mimarTulebebs, iTvisebs axal

realobas, acnobierebs axal standartebs. mkvlevar-

Ta nawili Cvens SemTxvevas gardamaval, nawili - hi-

bridul, an axalgazrda demokratias uwodebs. Tumca

mocemul SemTxvevaSi umTavresia ara is, Tu rogor

demokratias vuwodebT sakuTar Tavs, aramed, rogor

gvesmis demokratiis arsi da, rac mTavaria, ramde-

nad vflobT demokratiul wesrigSi cxovrebisaTvis

saWiro unar-Cvevebs. Tanamedrove periodSi sakuTar

Tavs Cven bevr SekiTxvas vusvamT: gvaqvs Tu ara

gacnobierebuli, saidan sad mivdivarT aris Tu ara

es Cveni arCevani, Cveni organuli nawili da a.S. am

kiTxvebze pasuxis Ziebisas umTavresia ara sazo-

gadoebis ganwyoba, aramed is Tu ras vefuZnebiT

da ramdenad informirebulebi varT.

am Jurnalis (iseve rogorc asociaciis) mizani,

swored samoqalaqo cnobierebis amaRlebaa. amis

miRwevas ki iseT sakiTxebze aqcentirebiT vcdi-

lobT, rogoricaa demokratiis ZiriTadi principebi

da demokratiuli Rirebulebebis damkvidreba, adami-

anTa uflebebi da valdebulebebi, samoqalaqo ganaT-

lebis swavlebis miRwevebi da gamowvevebi. amasTan

erTad, Cveni vgegmavT, gagacnoT is pirovnebe-

bi, romelTac arsebuli sazogadoebrivi 'wesrigis'

sabWoTa kavSiri daingra da axalma socialur-politikurma sivrcem qveyanac axali gamowvevebis winaSe daayena qveyana. gaCnda uamravi kiTxvis niSani, romelze pasuxic garkveul gamocdilebasa da codnas moiTxovda. amasTanave, pirovnebis socializacia did wilad ukavSirdeba ganaTlebas. swored am epizodze SevaCereb yuradRebas da mogiyvebiT adamianTa jgufze, romlebmac ganaTlebaSi dainaxes moqalaqis ganviTarebis mniSvnelovani perspeqtiva.

2010 wlis kvlevis mixedviT, romelic saarCevno sistemaTa saerTaSoriso fondma (IFES) USAID-is proeqtis „ndobis gazrda saarCevno procesebisadmi“ (ITEP) farglebSi Caatara, saqarTvelos umaRlesi saswavleblebis programebi ar moicavdnen samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kurss. kvlevis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT IFES-ma adgilobriv da saerTaSoriso eqspertebTan erTad wamoiwyo programa, romliTac umaRles saswavleblebSi dainergeboda axali kursi da is studentebs gaacnobda moqalaqeobisa Sesaxeb rogorc Teoriul masalas, aseve SesaZleblobas miscemda maT, praqtikaSi ganexorcielebinaT sagnis swavlebis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli codna da unarebi.

Tavdapirvelad, 2011 wels, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kursi, saxelwodebiT demokratia da moqalaqeoba, sapiloted Setanil iqna saqarTvelos oTxi umaRlesi saswavleblis programaSi. momdevno wlebSi maTi ricxvi gaizarda da 2014 wlisTvis universitetebis raodenobam 21-s miaRwia. am cifrebs miRma ki uamravi

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis

leqtorTa asociacia

Civic Education Lecturers Association

www.cela.ge

04 | CIVICUS#1

Tbilisi

quTaisi

zugdidi

goriaxalcixe Telavi

baTumi

CELA - demokratiuli

sazogadoebis

mSeneblobisTvis

qeTi sarTania

leqtori da studenti dgas, romelTa aqtiurma muSaobam cxadyo, rom samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavleba ara mxolod xangrZliv perspeqtivazea gaTvlili, aramed mniSvnelovan Sedegs mcire periodSic iZleva.

sajaro administraciis sistemebi, adamianis uflebebi, samoqalaqo sazogadoeba da moqalaqeTa CarTuloba - es is sakiTxebia, romlebzec studentebi aRniSnuli kursis farglebSi swavloben, Tumca gansakuTrebul yuradRebas samoqmedo proeqti iwvevs, romelzec studentebi mTeli semestris ganmavlobaSi muSaoben. proeqti iTvaliswinebs konkretuli problemis gadaWras Sesabamisi amocanebis dasaxvisa da Sesrulebis gziT. amis magaliTia is proeqtebi, romelic „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ studentebma saqarTvelos yvela sauniversiteto qalaqSi ganaxorcieles, xolo proeqtis beneficiarTa Soris iyvnen SSm pirebi (biblioTekis adaptireba, audio saxelmZRvanelos Cawera); skolis moswavleebi (SuqniSnebis mowyoba); miusafari adamianebi (saqvelmoqmedo RonisZiebebi); studentebi (sainformacio bazis Seqmna) da a.S.

kursis monitoringisa da Sefasebis procesSi, romelic IFES-is organize-biT mimdinareobda „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ garSemo gaerTianebu-li leqtorebi semestrSi ramdenjerme xvdebodnen erTmaneTs. Sexvedrebze xdeboda samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swav-lebis meTodologiisa da leqtorTa mier sxvadasxva universitetebSi miRebu-li gamocdilebis gaziareba. msgavsi ko-munikaciis mizania gamowvevaTa Sefaseba da samomavlo strategiebis dagegmvacaa.

swored am Sexvedrebisas gaCnda idea, rom IFES-is oTxwliani programis (ITEP) dasrulebis Semdeg arsebuli ara-formaluri qseli ar daSliliyo da ufro sistematizirebuli saxe mieRo. gamocdilebam, rac leqtorebs kurs „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ far-glebSi daugrovdaT, maT ufro didi miznebis dasaxvaSi Seuwyo xeli, ker-

05 | CIVICUS#1

Zod - moexdinaT miRebuli codnisa da gamocdilebis artikulacia. Sede-gad, 2014 wlis aprilSi oficialurad Camoyalibda samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia, romlis misiis Sesaxeb vkiTxulobT asociaciis veb-gverdze (http://cela.ge/ ) - „samoqalaqo cnobierebisa da CarTulobis donis gazrda qarTul sazogadoebaSi aqtiu-ri da ganaTlebuli moqalaqeebis gan-viTarebis mxardaWeris gziT“.

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciam, Tavisi arsebobis mcire is-toriis manZilze, ukve moicva saqarT-velos yvela sauniversiteto qalaqi (ramdenadac saqarTvelos 21 univer-sitetTan gaformebuli urTierTgage-bis memorandumis farglebSi afasebs da monitorings uwevs samoqalaqo ga-naTlebis kursis swavlebas aRniSnul universitetebSi.) uaxloes momavalSi dagegmilia partniori universitetebis qselis gafarToeba.

erT-erTi pirveli nabiji, rac am kuTx-iT organizaciam gadadga, iyo samoqa-laqo ganaTlebis konferencia, rome-lic 2014 wlis 27 ivniss gaimarTa, sadac monawileebma ganixiles saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis miRw-evebi da perspeqtivebi. RonisZiebaTagan aseve aRsaniSnavia studentTa konferen-cia, romelic Seexeboda saqarTveloSi demokratiis mSeneblobis sakiTxs. kon-ferencias eswrebodnen „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ kursdamTavrebule-bi saqarTvelos sxvadasxva universi-tetebidan, maT Soris iyvnen goridan, zugdididan, quTaisidan. (konferenci-is masalebi - http://cela.ge/ge/system/files/conference_paper.pdf). msgavsi Sex-vedrebi xels uwyobs axali ideebis generirebasa da informaciis gacvlas konkretuli TemiT dainteresebul ada-mianebs Soris. mimdinare RonisZie-bebidan unda aRiniSnos diskusiaTa seria "dialogebi demokratiaze" da proeqti "aqtiuri axalgazrdebi Tana-tolTa ganaTlebisaTvis". orive inicia-tiva miznad isaxavs studentebisTvis ga-mocdilebis gaziarebas da sadiskusio sivrcis Seqmnas.

qeTi sarTan

ia | CELA demokrat

iuli saz

ogad

oebis mSeneblobisTvis

sxvadasxva aqtivobebis paralelurad, IFES-is mxardaWeriT kursis fargleb-Si Seiqmna studenturi qseli, sadac gaerTianebuli arian studentebi, rom-lebmac sxvadasxva dros da sxvadasx-va universitetebSi Seiswavles kursi „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“. es qseli mudmivad izrdeba.

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis xelmZRvaneli, qalbato-ni Tamar qaraia asociaciis sxvadasxva mimarTulebasa da samomavlo gegmebze gvesaubra:

- organizacia agrZelebs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis ganviTarebis mxardaWeras da misi gavrcelebisTvis zrunvas. am mizniT, Seiqmna sami mimarTuleba:

pirveli - es aris mimdinare kursis „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“ Sefase-ba da gadaxedva, romlis farglebSic moxdeba arsebuli Teoriuli masalis gadasinjva da axali saxelmZRvaneloe-bis SemuSaveba.

- Semdegi mimarTuleba, razec organi-zacia imuSavebs, aris arsebuli studen-turi qselis gafarToeba da gaZliere-ba. am kuTxiT dagegmilia sxvadasxva proeqti, maT Soris aris fotokonkur-si "moqalaqe In action", studenturi kon-ferenciebi da sazafxulo skola.

- mesame mimarTuleba aris kvleviTi samecniero saqmianobis ganxorcieleba,

06 |CIVICUS#1qeTi sarTan

ia | CELA demokrat

iuli saz

ogad

oebis mSeneblobisTvis

fotoebi | wyaro : © CELA

romlis farglebSic igegmeba sxvadasx-va konferenciis gamarTva da samecnie-ro Jurnalis gamocema. sabolood, organizacia Tavis miznad moiazrebs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis popular-izaciasa da mis gavrcelebas sxvadasx-va saganmanaTleblo sivrceebSi. aseve, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kuTxiT ar-sebuli mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseb-lad, asociacia sxvadasxva RonisZiebas gegmavs.

am etapze samoqalaqo ganaTlebis le-qtorTa asociacia zrunavs da fiqrobs iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa leqtor-Ta qselis gafarToeba da maTi CarTva samoqalaqo aqtivizmSi, studentebisaT-vis saWiro sakiTxebze muSaoba da am jgufebis mudmivi gafarToeba. asocia-cia axorcielebs iseT proeqtebs, rom-lebic orientirebulia moqalaqeTa CarTulobasa da samoqalaqo aqtivizmis amaRlebaze ganaTlebis gziT.

qalbaton TamarTan saubrisas, SevexeT iseT sakiTxs, rogoric aris samoqa-laqo ganaTlebis mniSvneloba sazo-gadoebisTvis, sadac man aRniSna is problemuri Temebi, rac samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mSeneblobas axlavs Tan. maT Soris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani Te-maa politikuri kulturis amaRlebaze zrunva, rasac asociacia realisturad swored axalgazrdebTan urTierTo-baSi xedavs. qalbatonma Tamarma aseve aRniSna, rom mniSvnelovania saubari demokratiaze ara rogorc procedu-raze, aramed rogorc Rirebulebaze - msgavsi Temebi ki ganaTlebis katego-riis sakiTxebia, romelsac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia SeeWi-da da am kuTxiT, maT miRweul Sedegebze saubaric SeuZliaT.

saintereso Sexedulebebi gagviziara samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis warmomadgenelma, baton-ma zviad miminoSvilma. man saubrisas dadebiTTan erTad im gamowvevebzec gaamaxvila yuradReba rac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebas axlavs Tan saqa-rTveloSi. kerZod samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis kvlevebis waxaliseba da qseluri muSaobis xelSewyoba, rac aucileblad

moaxdens gavlenas aRniSnuli sferos ganviTarebaze. aRsaniSnavia, rom kur-sis farglebSi ganxorcielebuli proeqtebi gascda mxolod studentebs da moicva sxvadasxva sazogadoebrivi jgufebi. am jgufebs Cvens momdevno ga-mocemebSi ufro axlos gagacnobT.

sagulisxmoa samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis atributika, ro-melzec gamosaxulia mahaTma gandis

gamonaTqvami - „Tavad iyavi is cvli-

leba, romelic gsurs, rom mox-

des samyaroSi“. swored am ideis Ti-Toeul studentamde mitanas emsaxureba kursi „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“ ukve oTxi welia. swored es idea aerTianebs asociacias, romelic Tavis rigebSi 50-ze met samoqalaqo ganaTlebis profe-sor-maswavlebels, studentTa da kurs-damTavrebulTa did qsels moicavs.

organizaciis saqmianobebs, wevrebsa da gegmebs ufro detalurad SegiZliaT gaecnoT veb-gverdze: http://www.cela.ge/

asociaciis siaxleebi, konkursebi da maTi Sedegebi SegiZliaT avtotmatur reJimSi naxoT asociaciis „feisbuk“ gverdze:

https://www.facebook.com/celageo

07 | CIVICUS#1

foto | wyaro : © CELAqeTi sarTan

ia | CELA demokrat

iuli saz

ogad

oebis mSeneblobisTvis

Tu dainteresdebiT, sad dadian "ucxoobaSi

myofi" qarTvelebi mSobliuri atmosferos

Sesaqmnelad, umravles SemTxvevaSi, getyvian,

specialurad saTvistomosTvis gaxsnil qarTul

restoranSio. am SekiTxvaze gansxvavebul pasuxs

moismenT germaniis qalaq miunxenSi mcxovrebi

qarTvelebisagan, romlebic, TiTqmis ukve

weliwadia, SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis

miunxenis qarTuli biblioTekis mkiTxvelebi

arian. es ambavi germaniaSi myofi ori qarTvelis

ganxorcielebul ideazea, romelic gvarwmunebs,

rom keTili ocnebebi, saTanado motivaciiT Tu

aRWurve, zRaprebs miRmac sruldeba.

Au Pair programiT germaniaSi gamgzavrebuli qarTveli studentebi - salome salaZe da zurab dograSvili saerTo ideam daamegobra. maT mier miunxenSi daarsebuli qarTuli biblioTeka 2014 wlis Tebervlidan oficialurad funqcionirebs. biblioTekaSi amJamad 1 300-mde wignia da mkiTxvelis raodenobasac ar uCivian, Tumca iqamde, sanam biblioTeka dRevandel saxes miiRebda, arsebobda mxolod idea da problemebi - farTis, finansebis arqonis da, rac mTavaria, wignebis Segrovebis.

miunxenSi funqcionirebs vaxtang gorgaslis saxelobis qarTuli marTlmadidebluri taZari, romlis winamZRvaric dekanozi Tamaz lomiZea. swored am taZris erT-erTi kuTxe, moZRvris xelSewyobiT, daTmobili aqvs biblioTekas. salome salaZis TqmiT, am farTs arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs biblioTekis funqcionirebisaTvis, radgan

wignebi -

saqarTvelos

elCebi miunxenSi

qeTi mestviriSvili

09 | CIVICUS#1

igi mudmivad aravisgan finansdeba da Sesabamisad, farTis qiris gadaxda SeuZlebeli iqneboda.

biblioTekis aRWurvilobis SesaZenad periodulad Tanxas agroveben mkiTxvelebi (miunxenSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebi), eklesiis mrevli da sxva msurvelebi. swored maTi daxmarebiT gaxda SesaZlebeli wignis Taroebisa da literaturis nawilis SeZena. salome da zura Segrovebul Tanxas saWiroebisamebr gankargaven da mkiTxvels, feisbuqis gverdis saSualebiT, detalurad abareben angariSs: "dRes SeviZineT 3 TeTri

Taro, raSic gadavixadeT 117 evro +

transportireba 30 evro. Taroebze

ganTavsdeba 600 wigni".

biblioTeka yovel kviras iReba da dRis ganmavlobaSi, nebismier msurvels SeuZlia wignis gatana ramdenime kviriT. registracia da wignebiT sargebloba ufasoa. saWiroa mxolod qarTulad kiTxvis survili.

biblioTekis wignebiT momaragebaSi bevr adamians aqvs wvlili Setanili. salome da zura gansakuTrebulad aRniSnaven satransporto kompania „santa-transis“ warmomadgenlis, nana kutalaZisa da saqarTvelos erovnuli biblioTekis xelmZRvanelis, giorgi kekeliZis damsaxurebas: "erovnuli

biblioTeka da misi xelmZRvaneli

batoni giorgi kekeliZe Tavidanve

gverdiT edga miunxenSi biblioTekis

gaxsnis iniciativas da wignebis garkveuli

raodenoba ramdenjerme ukve aCuqa

Cvens biblioTekas. aseve saqarTvelos

erovnul biblioTekaSi grovdeboda

miunxenSi gamosagzavni wignebis didi

nawili."

biblioTekis wignebiT momaragebaSi TavianTi wvlili miuZRviT kompania „magTikoms“, ilias saxelmwifo universitetsa da wignis gamomcemlobebs saqarTvelodan. aRsaniSnavia kerZo pirTa dainteresebac. salome gulTbilad ixsenebs TiToeul adamians, romelTa CanTaSic ramdenime wigni yovelTvis ido miunxenis

10 | CIVICUS#1

biblioTeka qarTvelebisTvis | qeTi mestviriSvili

biblioTekis ideis avtorebi zurab dograSvili da salome salaZe (marjvniv)

biblioTekisaTvis. qarTvelebi qveynis sxvadasxva wertilidan gzavnidnen wignebs miunxenSi da Tan samaxsovro warwerebs ukeTebdnen:

"wigns saxsovrad vuZRvni germania-

Si mcxovreb qarTvelebs da mas visac

saqarTvelo uyvars, swavlobs qar-

Tul enas da ecnoba mis mwerlobas.

gansakuTrebuli siTboTi da siyvar-

uliT saqarTvelodan - q. zugdidis

meoTxe klasis moswavle elene go-

goxia."

" C v e n o u c n o b o m e g o b a r o ,

saqarTvelodan ase Sors am wignma

kidev erTxel daganaxos Cveni qveyana,

guli gagiTbos, suli gaginaTos,

gaxsovdes: "samSoblo ufro Rrmadaa,

ufro SigniT!"

salome salaZe ambobs, rom misi motivacia, daearsebina biblioTeka, ganpirobebuli iyo surviliT, qarTvelebs qarTulad kiTxvis SesaZlebloba hqonodaT. zura ki biblioTekis kidev erT funqciaze saubrobs: "qalaq miunxenSi, germaniis

qarTuli saTvistomos xelSwyobiT,

funqcionirebs qarTuli sakvirao

skola, sadac swavloben aq dabadebuli

qarTveli bavSvebi. maT aranairi Sexeba

ar aqvT qarTulad wera-kiTxvasTan da

swored sakvirao skolaSi iviTareben am

unarebs. sakvirao skola saqvelmoqmedo

xasiaTisaa. bavSvebs aswavlian qarTveli

studentebi, romlebic moxaliseobis

principiT muSaoben. aranairi anazRaureba

ar aqvT. vfiqrob, qarTuli biblioTeka,

pirvel rigSi, swored am bavSvebisTvisaa."

saqarTvelos erovnuli biblioTekis xelmZRvaneli, giorgi kekeliZe miunxenis qarTul biblioTekas ase afasebs: "biblioTeka aris

m r a v a l m x r i v m n i S v n e l o v a n i .

pirvelyovlisa, es aris qarTuli

saxelmwifos erTgvari niSani da elCi,

meore mxriv, saukeTeso saSualeba iq

mcxovrebi qarTvelebisTvis, ikiTxon

qarTuli literatura".

germaniaSi mcxovrebi marex nanava biblioTekis gaxsnis dRidanve misi mkiTxvelia: "roca gavige, rom

biblioTeka ixsneboda da nebismier

msurvels SeeZlo wignis gatana,

Cems sixaruls sazRvari ar hqonda.

SesaZlebloba momeca, qarTulad

meti wamekiTxa. vfiqrob, wignebTan

urTierToba yvelaze mniSvnelovania

da qarTuli biblioTekis arseboba

miunxenSi dRemde Zalas maZlevs."

salome salaZe da zurab dograSvili jer kidev studentebi arian, germaniaSi swavloben da saerTo saqmesac uZRvebian. biblioTekaze enTuziazmiT yvebian. undaT, rac SeiZleba meti Tqvan. naTqvamis Sinaarss romc ar daukvirdeT, saubris toniT, maneriTac mixvdebiT, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs maTTvis (da ara marto maTTvis) marTlmadidebluri taZris kedlebSi Sefarebul SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis qarTul biblioTekas.

11 | CIVICUS#1

biblioTeka qarTvelebisTvis | qeTi mestviriSvili

biblioTekis ideis avtorebi zurab dograSvili da salome salaZe (marjvniv)

warmogidgeniaT, rogoria Tavisufleba

iq, sadac mxolod ca, lurji okeane da

dausrulebeli horizontia? bevrSi es

peizaJi sxvadasxva asociaciebs gamoiwvevs,

magram albaT Zalian cota gaaigivebs am

sivrces samuSao garemosTan. isini, visac

aseTi asociacia uCndeba, sakmaod sarisko,

magram Zalian saintereso profesiis

adamianebi - mezRvaurebi arian. sainteresoa,

am ukidegano, gaSlil sivrcesa da

TavisuflebaSi rogor SeigrZnoben isini

mas, rac xmeleTisTvis ganuyofeli nawilia.

saubaria mezRvaurze, rogorc moqalaqeze.

saqarTveloSi momaval mezRvaurebs da adamianebs, romlebic apireben maTi saxmeleTo cxovrebac zRvas daukavSiron, baTumis saxelmwifo sazRvao akademia Sesabamisi ganaTlebis miRebis Sanss aZlevs. rogorc am universitetis biznesisa da marTvis fakultetis studentebi, Tamar Cxenkeli da elita goraZe amboben, saboloo miznis misaRwevad maT mxolod saswavlo programa ver daexmareba. saWiroa srulfasovani garemo, raSic gulisxmoben, rom maTi studenturi cxovreba datvirTuli unda iyos samoqalaqo aqtivobebiT. amitomac araa gasakviri, rom saganmanaTleblo kursi "demokratia da moqalaqeoba" akademiaSi didi popularobiT sargeblobs.

kiTxvaze, Tu ratom gadawyvita momavalma sakruizo turizmis menejerma, gaevlo es kursi, sazRvao akademiis studenti ana anqubalia gvpasuxobs: "albaT, "axali xili" iyo da didi interesi gamiCnda, ukeT gamego, Tu ras Seiswavlida da konkretulad ras niSnavda demokratia da moqalaqeoba". rogorc Cans, "axali xili" sakmaod "gemrieli" aRmoCnda, radgan studentebi siamovnebiT gvesaubrebian im kontrastze, rasac xedaven sakuTar TavSi, rogorc moqalaqeSi, kursis dawyebamde da kursis dasrulebis Semgom. ana anqubalia Tavisi, rogorc "moqalaqis" zrdaze gvesaubreba: "radikalurad Secvlili var da vityodi, rom gavizarde. vfiqrob, rom avimaRle cnobiereba adamianTa uflebebisa da movaleobebis Sesaxeb. Tundac, aviRoT Tanasworobis

foto | wyaro : www.batumelebi.ge

m o q a l a q e -

m e z R v a u r i

mariam guliaSvili

principi, rac gulisxmobs imas, rom yvela calkeuli pirovneba, rogorc sazogadoebis wevri, Tanasworia da yvelas Tanabrad unda SeeZlos xelsayreli SesaZleblobis gamoyeneba, Tu marTlmsajulebis aRsruleba. aravis daCagvra ar SeiZleba, miuxedavad rasisa, mrwamsisa, eTnikuri warmomavlobisa, sqesisa Tu seqsualuri orientaciisa".

gansazRvravs Tu ara profesia mo-

qalaqeobriv TviTSegnebas?

adamianTa nawili miiCnevs, rom profe-sia pirovnebis moqalaqeobrivi TviT-Segnebis Camoyalibebaze moqmedebs. isini fiqroben, rom Tu individs sam-saxurebrivad aqvs Sexeba adamianebis uflebebis dacvasTan, kanonis aR-srulebasTan da msgavs sakiTxebTan, is, rogorc moqalaqe, meti valdebulebiT gamoirCeva. Tumca, baTumis saxelm-wifo sazRvao akademiis studentebi fiqroben, rom Tu pirovneba iqneba informirebuli Tavisi uflebebisa da movaleobebis Sesaxeb, mas SeuZlia iyos srulfasovani moqalaqe da da-kavdes sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblo saqmianobiT. aRmoCnda, rom studentebi kursis mimdinareobisas didi enTuzi-azmiT muSaobdnen moxalised sxvadasx-va saxis proeqtebze, Tumca miuxedavad maTi didi mondomebisa, studenti naTia tunaZe aRniSnavs, rom sazoga-doebis mxridan socialur sakiTxebze daintereseba naklebi iyo: ,,dRevandel sazogadoebas ar esmis am sityvis mniS-vneloba. ai, Tundac Cvens saxelmwifos SevxedoT srulad arsad aris miRweu-li demokratia. Cven, axalgazrdebi ki namdvilad vcdilobT CamovayaliboT demokratiuli sazogadoeba Cven garSe-mo’’.

studentebi aRniSnaven, rom maT garSe-mo arsebuli sociumi indiferentulia samoqalaqo saqmianobis mimarT. is uk-marisobis grZnoba, rac maT moxalis-eobrivi proeqtebis gakeTebisas gauCn-daT, amaRlebs maT motivacias proeqtis farglebs gareT gaakeTon qveynisT-

vis sasargeblo saqme. ,,Cemi survi-

lia CarTulobiT, aqtiurobiT

aRmovfxvra sazogadoebrivi

problemebi. vfiqrob es axal-

gazrdebis movaleobaa“, - gviyveba naTia tunaZe. kiTxvaze, Tu ra samomav-lo gegemebi aqvs samoqalaqo aqtivobis TvalsazrisiT, naTia tunaZem sakmaod moulodneli pasuxi gagvca ,,didi sur-vili maqvs, davaarso arasamTavrobo organizacia, sadac damuSavdeba msgav-si proeqtebi. am miznisTvis yoveldRe TiTo nabijiT win miviwev“.

,,mezRvauri moqalaqe“ - es sityvaTa mar-tivi SeTanxmeba sakmaod araordinal-urad JRers, magram Tu mas praqtikul garemoebebs davurTavT, yvelaferi Zalian organulad SeiZleba mogveCve-nos. rogorc studentebi amboben, mo-qalaqeoba aris kavSiri individsa da saxelmwifos Soris. srulfasovani cxovrebisTvis mezRvaurs sWirdeba daamyaros kavSiri saxelmwifosTan da saxelmwifosac sWirdeba is, rogorc mamoZravebeli meqanizmi. mere ra, Tu is cxovrebis naxevars xmeleTze, samo-qalaqo sazogadoebis garemocvaSi su-lac ar atarebs. is pasuxismgebloba, rac unda axasiaTebdeT samoqalaqo sazo-gadoebis wevrebs, saWiroa nebismieri saqmianobis Sesasruleblad(Tundac es saqmianoba kerZo mizniT iyos gan-pirobebuli). miTumetes, rom mezRvau-ri saerTaSoriso sivrceSi waradgens qveyanas.

orkestri sinqronulobis principiT muSaobs. romelime musikosma, rom ,,dakargos violinos gasaRebi’’ sinqroni dairRveva. ukidegano okeaneSi, sadac amxela Tavisuflebaa, gansakuTrebiT saWiroa moqalaqeobrivi pasuxismgeblobis gaazreba. mezRvauric xom orkestris, rogorc demokratiuli saxelmwifos wevria. sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblo elementis povna yvela profesiis warmomadgenelSi SeiZleba, mTavaria gvaxsovdes, rom Cveni movaleobaa moqalaqeobrivi saqmianobis saSualebiT davukavSirdeT saxelmwifos da wvlili SevitanoT demokratiuli sazodagoebis mSeneblobaSi.

13 | CIVICUS#1

moqalaqe mezRvauri | mariam

guliaS

vili

m o x a l i s e o b r i v i s a q m i a n o b a mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs d e m o k r a t i u l i s a z o g a d o e b i s formirebis procesSi. igi xels uwyobs moqalaqeobrivi TviTSegnebis amaRlebas da maT aqtiur CarTulobas qveynis politikur cxovrebaSi. pasuxismgeblobisa da swavlebis SesaZleblo bebis SeT avaz ebis f o n z e , m o x a l i s e o b i T d a erToblivi Zalisxmevis Sedegad, moqalaqeebs saSualeba eZlevaT gadaWran sazogadoebrivi sakiTxebi, gaaZlieron moqalaqeTa CarTuloba da miaRwion warmatebas iq, sadac resursebi SezRudulia.

moxaliseobis instituti Cveni s a z o g a d o e b i s w a r m o d g e n a S i ZiriTadad Sromis anazRaurebis gareSe adamianTa muSaobis praqtikas gulisxmobs, romelic altruistul qcevadaa miCneuli da romlis mizans sxva adamianTa daxmareba da socialuri sargeblis motana warmoadgens. moxaliseobrivi saqmianoba axalgazrdebs saSualebas aZlevs, daamyaron axali kontaqtebi, iswavlon, aRmoaCinon axali interesebi, SeiZinon da gaiRrmavon samuSao gamocdileba.

moxaliseobis maRali kultura zogier ganviTarebul sazogadoebaSi ukve tradiciul, damkvidrebul praqtikad iTvleba. saqarTvelo mniSvnelovnad CamorCeba sxva qveynebs, romlebmac am wlebis manZilze didi Zvrebi ganicades. samwuxarod, Cvens qveyanas ar gaaCnia moxaliseobis tradicia da sabWoTa kavSirSi moxaliseobis instituti komunisturi ideologiis Semadgenel nawilad iyo miCneuli, rac sinamdvileSi savaldebulo da iZulebiTi saxis aqtivobebTan iyo dakavSirebuli. aSkaraa,

rom kulturuli memkvidreoba, romelic postsabWoTa qveynebs sabWoTa kavSiris arsebobidan mohyveba, mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs moxalisis institutis arapopularobaSi. moxaliseoba saSualebas aZlevs adamianebs ganiviTaron axali unarebi da SeiZinon samuSao gamocdileba. swored es ukanasknelni xSirad ubiZgeben axalgazrdebs, mimarTon moxaliseobriv saqmianobas, rac wesiT Zalian aqtualuri unda iyos iseTi qveynebisaTvis, sadac maRalia umuSevrobis maCvenebeli da Sesabamisi praqtikis armqone axalgazrdebisaTvis rTulia dasaqmeba.

aRniSnuli sferos regulirebis Seswavlis mizniT Catarebulma kvlevebma cxadyo, rom moxaliseobis arapopularobis erT-erT mTavar mizezad qveyanaSi Seqmnili mZime socialur-ekonomikuri fonia miCneuli, sadac adamianebi pirvel rigSi anazRaurebad samuSaos eZeben da mxolod aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi fiqroben garkveuli drois gamoyofas moxaliseobisaTvis.

moxaliseoba Zalian popularulia msoflioSi. 2001 weli msoflioSi moxaliseobis wlad iqna gamocxadebuli. Zalian bevrma saxelmwifom miiRo kanoni moxaliseobis Sesaxeb da SeimuSava Sesabamisi politika moxaliseobis sferos regulirebis kuTxiT. bunebrivia gaCnda kiTxva, Tu ra

14 | CIVICUS#1

ra dabrkolebebs xvdeba

moxaliseoba saqarTveloSieka darbaiZe

' 2001 weli msoflioSi moxaliseobis wlad iqna gamocxadebuli da Zalian bevrma saxelmwifom miiRo kanoni moxaliseobis Sesaxeb. '

mdgomareoba iyo moxaliseobis politikis kuTxiT saqarTveloSi. gvqonda Tu ara winsvla da garkveuli saxis miRwevebi sakanonmdeblo doneze. swored aRniSnul kiTxvebze sapasuxod, „fondi Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelosa“ da „axalgazrduli respublikis institutis“ ZalisxmeviT Catarda kvleva „saxelmwifo politika moxaliseobis sferoSi: qarTuli kanonmdebloba da msoflio praqtika“. aRniSnulma kvlevam aCvena, rom maRali samoqalaqo TviTSegnebisa da sazogadoebis ekonomikuri keTildReobis garda moxaliseobis praqtikis danergva-ganviTarebisaTvis instituciuri faqtorebic umniSvnelovanesia. kerZod, sakanonmdeblo baza, romelic xels unda uwyobdes moxaliseTa dasaqmebiT dainteresebul arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. msoflioSi moxaliseobis institutis sakanonmdeblo regulirebis kuTxiT mimdinare reformebi saqarTvelos ar Sexebia. samwuxarod, Cvens qveyanaSi dRemde ar arsebobs kanoni, romelic moxaliseTa Sromis gamoyenebasa da sazogadoebisaTvis sasikeTo mimarTulebiT warmarTvaze iqneba orientirebuli. saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi da saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi es is ori ZiriTadi dokumentia, romelic dasaqmebis, Sromis anazRaurebis da gadasaxadebTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs aregulirebs qveyanaSi. aRniSnul kanonmdeblobaSi aranairad ar aris asaxuli cneba „moxalisis“ an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris statusi. Sesabamisad saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsSi „damsaqmeblisTvis“

dadgenili valdebulebebiT da uflebebiT „moxalise“ ver isargeblebs, xolo im SemTxvevaSi, Tu „moxalise“ dasaqmebulad gaformdeba, maSin kanoni masze srulad gavrceldeba da moxaliseobrivi saqmianobis arsi daikargeba.

aSkaraa, rom 2001 wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi moxaliseTa politikis xelSewyobis kuTxiT aranairi pozitiuri nabiji ar gadadgmula saxelmwifos mxridan. saqarTveloSi moqmedi arasamTavarobo organizaciebi aqtiurad cdiloben, rom danergon moxaliseobis praqtika da Sesabamisad isini garkveuli iuridiuli sakiTxebis mogvarebis winaSe dgebian. rogoricaa SromiTi xelSekrulebis gaformeba, kvebis Tu sxva xarjebis anazRaureba. aRniSnul kvlevaSi aseve ganxiluli iqna sxvadasxva qveynebis magaliTebi da maTi warmatebuli gamocdileba moxaliseobis kuTxiT. mocemulia konkretuli daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi, romlis mixedviTac, aucilebelia qarTuli kanonmdeblobis naklovanebis aRmofxvra, pirvelyovlisa aucilebelia moxdes „moxalisis“ statusis definicia da amis Semdgom Sromis kodeqsSi ganisazRvros moxalisis uflebebi da movaleobebi. kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom moxaliseobriv saqmianobas saqarTveloSi rogorc saxelmwifos, aseve samoqalaqo institutebis mxridan Sesabamisi xelSewyoba sWirdeba. aucilebelia, rom arasamTavrobo seqtorma safuZveli Cauyaros axali iniciativebisa da proeqtebis ganxorcielebas, romlebic sazogadoebaSi moxaliseobrivi saqmianobis popularizaciisaken iqneba mimarTuli. kvlevaSi daskvnis saxiT moyvanilia rekomendaciebi, romlebic Sesabamis struqturebs warmatebuli nabijebis gadadgmaSi daexmareba.

15 | CIVICUS#1

upirveles yovlisa aucilebelia moxdes 'moxalisis' statusis definicia da amis Semdgom Sromis kodeqsSi ganisazRvros moxalisis uflebebi da movaleobebi.

ra dab

rko

lebebs xvdeba moxal

iseoba saqarTveloSi | eka darbaiZe

albaT, bevri amtkicebs, rom s a q a r T v e l o S i s a m o q a l a q o s a z o g a d o e b i s p o l i t i k u r i monawileobis praqtika ramdenime w e l i w a d s i T v l i s . C v e n i Tanamoqalaqeebis nawili miiCnevs, rom saxelmwifosgan da samTavrobo struqturebisgan damoukidebel qarTul sazogadoebriv institutebs muSaobis mwiri gamocdileba aqvT. arseboben TemiT dainteresebuli pirebi, romlebic samoqalaqo sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis pirvel niSnebs mxolod meoce saukunis 90-ian wlebis periodSi amCneven. Tumca, mkvlevarTa dakvirvebuli jgufi martivad aRmoaCens im mravalwliani samoqalaqo aqtivizmis Sedegebs, romelsac ilias epoqis jer-jerobiT naklebad cnobili warmomadgenlebi axorcielebdnen. caristul ruseTSi samoqalaqo brZolas awarmoebdnen ganmanaTleblobis moZraobis, RaribTa Semwe sazogadebebis, presis Tavisuflebis mxardamWeri jgufebis aqtivistebi. minda Tqveni yuradReba gavamaxvilo adamianze, romelmac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis, kulturul dawesebulebaTa sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblod muSaobis da politikuri

monawileobis principebi erT idead gaaerTiana.

mogexsenebaT, mecxramete saukunis ukanasknel wlebSi gansakuTrebiT gaZlierda ruseTis imperiis zewola erovnul umciresobebsa da saxelmwifos ganapira regionebze. bunebrivia. centraluri xelisuflebis cenzurasa da umkacres kontrols verc saqarTvelo gadaurCa. Cvens qveyanaSi ori paraleluri sazogadoebrivi moZraobis ukiduresma gaZlierebam ki Crdilouri represiebi gaaormaga. - imxanad saqarTveloSi ukve myari poziciebi ekavaT erovnul-kulturuli avtonomiis momxreebsac da maT mowinaaRmdege socialistebsac. qarTul guberniebSi aviwroebdnen mSobliur enaze warmoebul nebismier saqmianobas, arbevdnen muSaTa da RaribTa Tavyrilobebs, ewinaaRmdegebodnen wera-kiTxvis masobrivi gavrcelebis nebismier mcdelobas, izRudeboda saxalxo kulturuli RonisZiebebis Catareba

da a.S. maSasadame, mxolod

adgilobriv biurokratiasTan

daaxloebul Tavad-aznaurTa

da vaWarTa umcires jgufs hqonda

pirveli nabijebi

samoqalaqo

sazogadoebis

mSeneblobisTvis

levan lorTqifaniZe

foto | wyaro : burusi.wordpress.com

16 | CIVICUS#1

yvelanairi SesaZlebloba,

g a s c n o b o d a m s o f l i o

literaturas, moewyo sajaro

politikuri Tu kulturuli

RonisZiebebi, ekiTxa gadaukeTebeli sagazeTo publikaciebi da SeeZina Tbilisis operis ZviradRirebuli bileTebi, qalaqis gareubnebSi mcxovrebi xelmokle mosaxleoba ki, romelic dReSi 12-14 saaTs muSaobda, moklebuli gaxldaT yvela am sikeTes.

m o n a r q i i s m o w i n a a R m d e g e inteleqtualTa mniSvnelovanma nawilma diskriminaciuli, uTanasworo reJimis gardaqmnis saukeTeso gzad qarTulenovani saganmanaTleblo da kulturuli moZraobis wamowyeba miiCnia. erT-erT umTavres miznad maT TavianTi saqmianobis sayovelTao gavrceleba daisaxes. maSasadame, moxaliseTa jgufis mier dagegmil RonisZiebebSi monawileoba sasurveli da xelmisawvdomi unda yofiliyo nebismieri moqalaqisTvis. inovaciuri ideebis, organizebisa da liderobis SesaniSnavi niWis wyalobiT am moZraobis saTaveSi aRmoCnda maswavlebeli mariam demuria.

ra moimoqmeda mecxramete saukuneSi

cnobilma aqtivistma qalma?

Tbilisis ganapiras, CerqeziSvilis quCaze, umciresi Semowirulobebi-Ta da ilia winamZRvriSvilis mx-ardaWeriT mariam demuriam yvelaze xelmokle adamianebisTvis daaarsa „avWalis auditoria". mokrZalebu-li orsarTuliani Senoba gadakeTda darbazad, sadac klasikuri Tu Tana-medrove literaturis mixedviT idg-meboda warmodgenebi qarTul enaze da imarTeboda sxvadasxva wignis, statiis, dokumentis sajaro kiTxva. saxalxo scenaze gamocdil msaxiobebTan erTad gamodiodnen araprofesionalebic, romelTac, niWis simciris miuxedavad, hqondaT sakuTari SesaZleblobebis gamocdis survili. magaliTad, Sekre-bilebi mudam ovaciebiT amxnevebdnen scenaze daSvebuli Secdomebis gamo

damwuxrebul mkvlevar Tedo saxokia-sa da publicist giorgi lasxiSvils. cxadia, TiToeuli am RonisZiebis mi-zani demokratiul RirebulebaTa pop-ularizeba gaxldaT.

faqtobrivad, avWalaSi mdgari es

patara qvis saxli iqca qarTuli

enis dacvis, Teatris ganviTare-

bis, araformaluri ganaTlebi-

sa da politikuri socializaci-

is revoluciur kerad, romlis saqmianobaSi monawileobis saSualeba yvelas Tanasworad hqonda. bunebrivia, auditoria uamrav sirTules waawyda - mefis uSiSroebis samsaxurebTan daka-vSirebuli agentebi xSirad arbevdnen scenas, xels uSlidnen demurias saqmi-anobas da uamravi sanqciiT cdilobd-nen gambedavi qalisTvis xelis SeSlas. miuxedavad amisa, „avWalis auditori-am" ramdenime weli ifunqcionira. Sedegad, qalaqis Rarib ubnebSi Cam-oyalibda ganaTlebuli, solidaro-bis gansakuTrebuli grZnobis mqone da TviTmpyrobelobis winaaRmdeg brZolisTvis mudam mzad myofi kri-tikuli masa, romlmac moaxerxa da meoce saukunis dasawyisis yvela anti-caristuli gamosvlis saTaveSi moeqca.

mariam demurias mis mier daarsebuli keris ganadgurebis Semdegac ar Seu-wyvetia sazogadoebrivi moRvaweoba. wlebis ganmavlobaSi misi saxli ar-aerTxel qceula revolucionerTa TavSesafrad Tu TavSeyris adgilad.

mariam demuria da misi originalu-ri saqmianoba Tavisuflad SegviZlia miviCnioT saqarTvelos samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebis pirvel da myar nabijebad. sasixarulod, moR-vaweobis dros is marto ar yofila. masTan erTad kidev mravali moqalaqe cdilobda sakuTari sazogadoebrivi pasuxismgeblobis Sesrulebas. maTi muSaobis Seswavla, maTi Sromis Sede-gebis gamokvleva ki nebismieri axalbe-da mkvlevarisaTvis Ziebis saintereso obieqti unda iyos.

17 | CIVICUS#1

pirveli nab

ijebi sam

oqalaqo saz

ogad

ebis mSeneblobisTvis | levan

lorTqifan

iZe

mTeli msoflios moxaliseebi rom gaerTiandnen da saxelmwifo daaarson, es ukanaskneli aucileblad aRmoCndeba didi 20-ianis rigebSi. aRniSnulis mtkicebis saSualebas moxaliseTa Temis mravalricxovneba da maT mier warmoebuli socialuri da ekonomikuri kapitalis warmoebis masStabebi gvaZlevs. es saxelmwifo yvelaze humanuri da saerTo Rirebulebebze dafuZnebuli iqneboda. mocemuli daskvnis gakeTebis safuZvels jon hopkinsis samoqalaqo sazogadoebis kvlevis centris mier Seqmnili e.w. moxaliseobis rukis analizi gvaZlevs.

moxaliseoba sazogadoebis konsolidaciis erT-erT umTavres maCvenebels warmoadgens. ramdenadac is zrdis ndobis, Tanaziarobis da samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis grZnobas, xels uwyobs kargi moqalaqis Camoyalibebas. saxelmwifoSi moxaliseobis koeficienti samoqalaqo sazogadoebis siZlieris erTgvar indikatorad SeiZleba CavTvaloT.

moxaliseobrivi kampaniebis gaZlierebam koncefcias am fenomenis aramxolod socialuri, aramed didi ekonomikuri Rirebulebis Sesaxeb daudo saTave. "wiTeli jvris da naxevarmTvaris" moxaliseTa uzarmazari korpusi swored amis damadasturebelia. krosnacionaluri kvlevebi moxaliseobis erTgvari rukis Sedgenis saSualebas iZleva. kvlevaTagan gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia: msoflios RirebulebaTa kvleva (WVS) da gelapis msoflio gamokiTxva (GWP). am kvlevebidan naTlad Cans, rom izrdeba, rogorc moxaliseTa ricxvi, aseve samoxaliseo saqmianobisTvis daTmobili droc. Sesabamisad, aRniSnuli saqmianoba SesaZlebelia, ara mxolod Tvisebrivi kriteriumebiT aixsnas, aramed SeiZleba misi gazomva da ricxvebSi daTvla.

ratom unda gavzomoT

moxaliseoba?

18 | CIVICUS#1

Tamar qaraia

#1

zemoT dasaxelebul kvlevebis Sedegebis analizisas jon hopkinsis universitet-Si gamoTvales, rom Tuki 1995 wlidan 2000 wlamde msoflios moxaliseTa ra-odenobas gavaerTianebT da erT erad movuyriT Tavs, miviRebT sididiT mecx-re1 saxelmwifos, romelic 140 milion mosaxles gaaerTianebs. is gauswrebs iseT did saxelmwifoebs, rogorebicaa iaponia, meqsika, filipinebi, vietnami2 .

#2

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTare-bisisas umTavresi faqtori adamianuri resursia, xolo aRniSnuli resursis Sevsebis saukeTeso da aprobirebuli gza moxaliseTa mozidva da maTi CarTu-lobis waxalisebaa. amis damamtkicebelia is faqti, rom Tuki arasamTavrobo se-qtors ganvixilavT, rogorc ekonomi-kurad aqtiur Zalas, romelic kvlevaSi ganxilul 39 saxelmwifoSi mosaxle-obis 4.5%-s warmoadgens, vnaxavT, rom maTgan 1.6% swored moxaliseobrivi saqmianobaa.

1 CineTi 1,306 mln

2 indoeTi 1,094 mln

3 aSS 296 mln

4 indonezia 229 mln

5 brazilia 186 mln

6 pakistani 158 mln

7 bangladeSi 144 mln

8 ruseTi 143 mln

9 moxaliseTa

saxelmwifo 140 mln

10 nigeria 129 mln1 monacemebi aRebulia Semdegi qveynebidan: venesuela, kolum-bia, brazilia, Cile, meqsika, argentina, slovakeTi, ungreTi, rumineTi, poloneTi, iaponia aSS, avstralia, israeli, ir-landia, niderlandebi, avstria, espaneTi, germania, fineTi, belgia, safrangeTi, norvegia, italia, gaerTianebuli samefo, ruseTi, axali zelandia, kanada, dania, egvipte, kenia, tanzania, uganda, samxreT afrika, indoeTi, pakistani, filipinebi, korea, tailandi, portugalia, maroko, gana, peru, libani, Sveicaria, SvedeTi, dania.

2 2014 wlis monacemebze gadayvanis SemTxvevaSi arsebuli situ-acia Seicvleba, radganac gaeros kvlevebiT nigeriam 178 mil-ioniT me-7-e adgili daikava. “World Population Prospects The 2012 Revision: Highlights and Advance Tables". The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations. pp. 51–55. Retrieved 11 August 2013

wyaro : Taking the measure of volunteering. (2011) UN.

19 | CIVICUS#1

rat

om unda gavzomoT moxal

iseoba? | Tam

ar qaraia

#3

msoflios 36 qveyanaSi 140 mln moxal-isis mier Sesrulebuli samuSao 20.5 mln srul ganakveTiani mosamsaxuris saqmianobas udris. Tuki gamoviyenebT e.w. „CanacvlebiTi Rirebulebis“ mid-gomas, moxaliseTa mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos Rirebuleba yovelwliurad 400 miliard amerikul dolars Sead-gens, rac saSualod am qveynebis mSp-s 1.1 %-s udris. (ganviTarebad qveynebSi 0.7%, xolo ganviTarebulSi 2.7%).

#4

moxaliseoba arCevania. moxaliseebi ara mxolod sazogadoebrivi sike-Tis Seqmnis mizniT ewevian aRniSnul saqmianobas, aramed is profesiuli ganviTarebis saSualebasac warmoad-gens. Travelanthropist.com -is Tanaxmad SesaZlebelia moxaliseobis Semdegi oTxi ZiriTadi motivatoris gamoyo-fa, esenia: kulturis gacnoba, ganaTle-ba, solidaroba da Tanadgoma. CamoT-vlilTagan, swored saganmanaTleblo miznebis upiratesobas uCvenebs jorj vaSingtonis universitetSi Catarebuli kvleva, romlis mixedviTac profe-siuli, personaluri da liderobis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba warmoadgens samoxaliseo saqmianobaSi Cabmis um-Tavres mizezs.

wyaro : International Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis

20 | CIVICUS#1

wyaro : Taking the measure of volunteering. (2011) UN.

rat

om unda gavzomoT moxal

iseoba? | Tam

ar qaraia

#5

samoxaliseo saqmianobaSi CarTulni arian ewevian ara mxolod dausaqme-beli da samuSaos maZiebeli, aramed swored rom dasaqmebuli da warmatebu-li adamianebi.

analogiuri mdgomareobaa ganaTlebis sakiTxis ganxilvisas. moxaliseTa umetesoba umaRlesi ganaTlebis an mag-

wyaro : international Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis

wyaro : International Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis

CamoTvlili ricxvebi naTlad gviCven-eben, rom moxaliseoba ar aris mx-olod humanuri, solidaruli aqti, aramed is, rogorc socialuri aseve ekonomikuri aqtivobaa, romelsac Tav-isi mniSvnelovani wvlili Seaqvs msof-lios ganviTarebaSi. moxaliseTa ricx-vi ganuxrelad izrdeba, rac gviCvenebs, rom kacobrioba sakuTar saukeTeso gamocdilebaze swavlobs.

wyaroebi:

•Salamon, L. (2008, April). Putting volunteering on the economic map of the world. Paper presented at the IAVE Conference, Panama, Costa Rica.

•International Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Develop-ment at the Washington University of St. Louis

•The Global Center for Volunteer Service at the Uni-versity of California San Diego (UCSD). http://www.ereleases.com/pr/africa-top-destination-for-glob-al-voluntourism-11907

•Volunteerism report insights on the volun-teer tourist. (2008-2009)http://travelanthropist.com/2009/10/2008-voluntour ism-report - in -sights-on-the-volunteer-tourist.html

•Taking the measure of volunteering. (2011) UN.

21 | CIVICUS#1

rat

om unda gavzomoT moxal

iseoba? | Tam

ar qaraia

foto | wyaro : TIME Magazine

giorgi lolaSvili

nobelis premias erTi mniSvnelovani maxasiaTebeli aqvs - is TiTqmis yovelTvis msoflio sazogadoebas acnobs im adamianebs, romlebic xSir SemTxvevaSi, mainc mxolod maTi profesiis/dargis Tu qveynis SigniT arian cnobilni. ase icnobs(da SeiZleba iTqvas, rom paralelurad aRiarebs kidec) msoflio mecnierebs, samoqalaqo aqtivistebs/organizaciebs, politikosebs, romlebic TavianTi saqmiT Seecadnen, samyaro ukeTesi gaexadaT. wels nobelis premiam am adamianebTan erTad mweralic gagvac-no(literaturis dargidan), magram amiT ramdenad moxarulebi unda viy-oT, sxva Temaa.

wlevandeli premia mSvidobis dargSi, rogorc xSirad xdeba xolme, gaiyo, amjerad or monawileze - kailaS satiarTisa da malala iusafzaize. satiarTi 60 wlis cnobili indoeli, bavSvTa uflebebis damcvelia, romelic bavSvTa eqspluatacias ebrZvis. man es jildo Tavisi 30-wliani SromiTa da brZoliT daimsaxura. rac Seexeba 17 wlis malala iusafzais(an, ubralod malalas, rogorc mas farTo sazogadoeba icnobs), is yvela drois yvelaze axalgazrda nobelianti gaxda. Tumca malala mxolod amiT ar aris gamorCeuli. is daibada da gaizarda pakistanis im regionSi, sadac Talibans mniSvnelovani gavlena aqvs. rodesac malala 12 wlis iyo, man BBC-sTvis fsevdonimiT gamoaqveyna blogi, sadac yveboda Talibanis mier gogonebisTvis skolaSi siarulis akrZalvaze. Semdeg amas sxva statiebi da interviuebi mohyva. 2012 wels

tyviagaumtari precedenti

li pirebi iyvnen: “es didi jildo da Zalian kargi ambavia CvenTvis. am patara, magram gambedavma gogom pakistanze pozitiuri ganwyoba Seqmna. Cven, pakis-tanelebi malalas didi madlierebi varT.“ - uTxra Jurnalistebs malalas ojaxis axlobelma, ahmed Sahma.

Tavad malala ki mis dajildovebas ase gamoexmaura:

'Cven vacnobierebT Cveni xmis

mniSvnelobas mxolod maSin,

rodesac Cven gvaCumeben.... es

aris jildo yvela uxmo bavS-

visTvis'.

Tumca, nobelis premiis mflobeli-sadmi samSobloSi erTgvarovani damokidebuleba ar aris. nawili masSi xedavs ubralod erT Cveulebriv paki-stanel gogonas, romelsac gaumarT-la da msofliom gaicno, Tumca aseTi gogonebi milionobiT arian:“visurveb-di, rom msoflios am gogoze saubari Seewyvita. pakistansa da msoflioSic ua-mravi „malalaa“. ratom maTze ar lapa-rakobs amerika da britaneTi?“ - uTx-ra erT-erTma pakistanelma megobarma „gardianis“ Jurnalist Saista azizs. zogi mas amerikuli da dasavluri specsamsaxurebis agentadac ki miiCnevs. raRa Tqma unda, yvela adamians gansx-vavebuli pozicia aqvs, magram malalas mniSvneloba imiT gamoixateba, rom man Seqmna iseTi precendenti, romelsac ukve verc tyvia da verc skepticizmi ver moereva. malalas saxelobis fondi ukve sakmao resursebs flobs imisaT-vis, rom daexmaros gogonebs aram-arto pakistanSi, aramed iordaniaSi, nigeriasa da keniaSi. pakistaneli sko-lis moswavle gogonebis nawili mas ukve Riad uWers mxars, sxvebis mSoble-bi ki imedovneben, rom misi wyalobiT TavianTi gogonebic SeZleben skolaSi siaruls.

ki Talibanis wevrebi misi skolis avtobuss daesxnen Tavs, raTa maT winaaRmdeg mebrZoli 15 wlis gogona

gaenadgurebinaT, Tumca malala

Tavdasxmas gadaurCa da mas

Semdeg ufro Riad da aqtiurad

cdilobs Tavisi Tanatoli

gogonebis uflebebis dacvas. am movlenis Semdeg aramxolod pakistanSi, aramed mTels msoflioSic mis garSemo uamravi mxardamWeri da TanamebrZoli gaerTianda. rogorc TviTon aRniSna, am gasrolis eqo mTels msoflios moedo. 2013 wels mas prezidentma obamamac ki umaspinZla. malalam maSin prezidentTan saubarSi amerikis terorizmTan brZolis politika gaakritika da sami mkafio gzavnili gaugzavna yvelas, visac miaCnia, rom terorizms ganviTarebuli msoflio bombebiT unda ebrZolos:

amerikis SeerTEebulma Statebma im TanxebiT, rasac iaraRis damzadebaSi xarjavs, ganaTlebis gavrcelebas rom Seuwyos xeli, msoflioSi didi cvlilebebi dadgeboda. terorizmTan brZolisas yvelaze efeqturi saSualeba ganaTlebaa.

sahaero dabombvam SeiZleba er-Ti-ori teroristi imsxverplos, magram is terorizms ver mouRebs bolos. sanam cidan bombebis cvena gr-Zeldeba, terorizmic gagrZeldeba.

amerikam pakistanis demokra-tizacias unda Seuwyos xeli. pakistani mxolod ase gaxdeba ganviTarebuli qveyana.

malalasTvis nobelis premiis miniWe-bas uamravi diskusia mohyva sxvadasxva konteqstSi. feministebi aRniSnaven, rom es SeiZleba iyos axali aTvlis werti-li qalTa uflebebisTvis brZolaSi iq, sadac aqamde amaze saubaric ki arafris-momcemi iyo. pakistanelebi aRniSnaven, rom malalas gamoCena xels Seuwyobs dasavlelebis mier maT stereotipu-li aRqmis Sesustebas, TiTqos yvelani teroristebi, an maTTan dakavSirebu-

25 | CIVICUS#1

tyviag

aumtari precendenti | giorgi lolaS

vili

25 noembers soxumis saxelmwifo universitetSi "samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis" iniciativiT studentebTan Sexvedra gaimarTa. misi Tema iyo „Be Active, anu rogor wavaxalisoT axalgazrdebis CarTuloba samoqalaqo aqtivobebSi“.

“Be Active! !" (www.facebook.com/groups/beactive!!) - es aris “Facebook” jgufi, romelsac yoveldRiurad uamravi axalgazrda stumrobs da misi meSveobiT iRebs informacias sxvadasxva RonisZiebaze, programasa da aqtivobaze. jgufis erT-erTi administratori da ideis avtori Tsu-is studenti Tornike bolokaZea. Tornikem “Be Active!!”-is saqmianoba soxumis universitetis stu-dentebs gaacno. Cven mas vTxoveT vrclad esaubra am jgufis Seqmnis ideasa da mis samomavlo gegmebze:

mocemuli axalgazrduli gaerTianebis Seqmnis idea 2012 wlis 28 aprils, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis, socialur da politikur mecniereba-Ta fakultetis or studentis: Tornike bolokaZes da gaga gvenetaZes gauCnda di-skusiis procesSi. jgufi Seiqmna im saR-amosve. arsebobda udidesi motivacia, biZgi, Seqmnili mdgomareobidan gamom-dinare, ramac ganapiroba am ideis gaCena da jgufis Seqmna. maSin arsebuli garemo warmoadgenda Semdegs: axalgazrdebs hqondaT informaciis sruli defici-ti, umetesma studentma da moswavlem ar icoda, Tu ra aqtivobebi xorcielde-boda maT garSemo - amaze maT, ubralod

26 | CIVICUS#1

FACEBOOK-iT

gaaqtiurebuli

axalgazrdebiTornike bolokaZeBEACTIVE!!

aravin ar acnobebda. arsebobda mx-

olod da mxolod mcire elita-

ruli jgufebi, romelTac hqon-

daT mudmivi wvdoma proeqtebze,

aqtivobebze mudmivi informaci-

is wyalobiT. arsebuli mdgomare-obidan erTaderT gamosavals vxeda-vdiT me da gaga - Segveqmna raRac iseTi, rac uzrunvelyofda axlagazrdebis permanentul, operatiul da mowes-rigebul informirebas sxvadasxva aq-tivobebis Sesaxeb. amis ganxorcielebis yvelaze martivi da amavdroulad, efeq-turi saSualeba iyo „Be Active!!-is“ Seqm-na Facebook-ze. misi umTavresi mizani unda yofiliyo:

• karieruli TvalsazrisiT warmatebuli, aqtiuri, informirebu-li, Sromismoyvare da mizandasaxuli axalgazrda Taobis Camoyalibebis xe-lSewyoba (maTi waxaliseba, motivaciis amaRleba, profesiuli Tu pirovnuli ganviTarebis xelSewyoba).

xolo, miznis misaRwevad Sesasrulebe-li amocanebis rigi, Cveni TvalTaxed-viT, Semdegnairad gamoiyureboda:

• saqarTvelos mravaleTnikuri da multikonfesiuri saxelmwifos ax-algazrdebis integracia erT sivrceSi;

• axalgazrdebisTvis informaci-is miwodeba sxvadasxva saxis aqtivobis Sesaxeb (treiningebi, seminarebi, saswav-lo kursebi, simulacia-modelirebebi, gacvliTi programebi, konferenciebi, staJireba-vakansiebi, moxaliseobrivi aqtivobebi, debatebi, sajaro leqcia-di-skusiebi da a.S.);

• arasamTavrobo organi -zacia-sainiciativo jgufebsa da axal-gazrdebs Soris komunikacia-kavSiris damyareba;

• gaerTianebis miznidan gamom-dinare, sxva saWiro saqmianobebis Ses-ruleba.

daarsebidan 2 welze metis gasvlis Sem-deg - ukve dRes, Tamamad SeiZleba imis

Tqma, rom jgufma efeqturad Seasrula da asrulebs Tavis amocanebs, riTic xels uwyobs im saerTo miznis miR-wevas, rasac saqarTvelos saxelmwi-fos axali aqtiuri da progresuli Taobis aRzrda hqvia. amas mowmobs im sociologiuri gamokTxvis Sedegebi, rasac jgufis administracia xSirad atarebs. agreTve, im usazRvrod kmay-ofil (informirebul da gamocdil) axlagazrdaTa ricxvi, romelic sx-vadasxva proeqtebze damswreTa siaSi proeqtis Sesaxeb informaciis wyarod „Be Active!!-s“ asaxelebs. agreTve, im sa-madlobeli werilTa raodenoba, rac jgufis administracias xSirad misdis „Be Active!!-iT“ miRebul sargebelTan dakavSirebiT.

da bolos, uamravi axali ideiT dat-virTuli jgufis administracia, mzadaa erTi mxriv, kvlav gaagrZelos jgufis amocanebis Sesruleba da, meore mxriv, axalagazrdebs SesTavazos miznis mis-aRwevad inovaciebi.

BEA

CTI

VE!

!

27 | CIVICUS#1

facebook-iT gaaqtiurebuli ax

algaz

debi | Tornike bolokaZe

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia

www.cela.ge

am eleqtronuli Jurnalis gamocema SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis mxardaWeriT amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID-is) meSveobiT proeqtis saarCevno procesebis gaZliereba(SEP-is saqarTveloSi) farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba

saarCevno sistemaTa saerTaSoriso fondis (IFES-is) mier.masalis Sinaarsi, SesaZloa, ar gamoxatavdes samoqalaqo

ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis (CELA), IFESis,USAID-is an amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis

Sexedulebebs.

redaqtori | koreqtori: giorgi lolaSvili

proeqtis xelmZRvaneli: Tamar qaraia

teqnikuri redaqtori | dizaini: marex gorgilaZe

Jurnalze muSaobdnen:

qeTi murusiZe

qeTi sarTania

qeTi mestviriSvili

mariam guliaSvili

eka darbaiZe

levan lorTqifaniZe

Tornike bolokaZe

civicus

www.cela.ge

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info@cela.ge

c i v i cus#1 | dekemberi 2014

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