Cities and Climate Change at the OECD

Nagoya Symposium, 16 February 20092009

Jan Corfee-Morlot,

www.oecd.org/env/cc/cities

jan.corfee-morlot@oecd.org

What is the OECD?

� Intergovernmental organisation with 30 (industrialised)

Member countries committed to common principles –

promote economic development and cooperation

� Peer review & analytically-based policy dialogues –

work through governments to develop policy analysis &

recommendationsrecommendations

� Organised like a government

� Departments/Directorates for different policy areas, e.g.

Environment, Economics, Fiscal Affairs, Trade and

Agriculture

Who is working on cities & climate issues at OECD?

� International Energy Agency

� International Transport Forum

� Governance Directorate (GOV)� Governance Directorate (GOV)

� Development Cooperation Directorate (DCD/DAC)

� Environment Directorate

– Directorate of Fiscal Affairs

3

2009 Climate Change Work at the OECD

EVENTS

� DAC/ENV High-Level Meeting – May

� OECD Ministerial – June

PRODUCTS

� DAC guidance document on adaptation and climate change

� OECD Ministerial – June

� High-Level Conference –September

� OECD COP15 & G8 participation

� OECD participation in World Bank activities

� Economics of Climate Change Mitigation (macro-economics, competitiveness, post-2012 policies)

� Cities & climate change

4

The International Transport Forum (ITF)

� Semi-autonomous OECD organisation, a separate set of Member countries

� Engaged in many aspects of transport-related climate research and policy-making, including urban travel.

– May 2008, the forum organised the world’s largest – May 2008, the forum organised the world’s largest transport summit around the theme of “Transport and Energy: the Challenge of Climate Change”.

• The summit highlighted the need for a strategic package of policy measures: technology development, research in new technology and fuels, use of information technology and integrated mobility management as well as non-technology tools.

5

Global Forum on Transport and Environment in a Globalising World

� Held in Guadalajara, Mexico, November 2008

� Relevant papers and presentations:

– Mind-forg’d manacles – The constraints to optimising urban transport

– Mitigating the risk of climate change by reducing travel by light duty vehicles

– Environmentally sustainable transport in urban settings

• Case studies on Mexico City, Santiago, Milan, Berlin & Singapore.

� All available at www.oecd.org/env/transport /GFSD.

Forthcoming: Toronto ChicagoVenice

Johannesburg

Competitive Cities and Climate

Change

regID regname TL type unit 1990 1991 1992 1993

AU1 NEW SOUTH WALES 2 INinhabitants per Km2

7.3 7.4 7.4 7.5

AU2 VICTORIA 2 INinhabitants per Km2

19.2 19.4 19.6 19.6

AU3 QEENSLAND 2 INinhabitants per Km2

1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8

AU4 SOUTH AUSTRALIA 2 INinhabitants per Km2

1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

AU5 WESTERN AUSTRALIA 2 INinhabitants per Km2

0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

AU6 TASMANIA 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9

AU7 NORTHERN TERRITORRY (NT) 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

AU8 AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY (ACT)2 PUinhabitants per Km2

115.8 118.7 120.9 122.8

AT11 BURGENALND 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

68.4 68.8 69.3 69.6

AT12 NIEDEROESTERREICH 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

76.3 77.1 78.0 78.6

AT13 WIEN 2 PUinhabitants per Km2

3611.5 3647.5 3689.4 3722.0

AT21 KARNTEN 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

57.3 57.7 58.2 58.6

AT22 STEIERMARK 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

71.4 71.7 72.0 72.3

AT31 OBEROESTERREICH 2 INinhabitants per Km2

108.8 110.2 111.7 112.7

AT32 SALZBURG 2 INinhabitants per Km2

66.6 67.8 69.0 70.1

AT33 TIROL 2 PRinhabitants per Km2

49.1 49.7 50.3 50.8

AT34 VORARLBERG 2 INinhabitants per Km2

125.5 127.6 129.2 130.2

BE1 REG,BRUXELLES-CAP,/BRUSSELS HFDST,GEW,2 PUinhabitants per Km2

5962.8 5921.9 5891.0 5884.1

BE2 VLAAMS GEWEST 2 PUinhabitants per Km2

425.8 427.9 430.0 431.9

BE3 REGION WALLONNE 2 INinhabitants per Km2

193.0 194.0 195.0 195.8

Krakow

Chicago

Aichi

Munich

Ankara

San Francisco

Washington DC

Puebla

Athens

Denver

PhoenixDublin

Berlin Busan

Randstad-Holland

London

Boston

Atlanta

Philadelphia

Detroit

Seattle

Madrid

Lille

Leeds

Lyon Sydney

Barcelona

FukuokaMonterrey

Copenhagen

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

- 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 10,000,000

Population

Per

Cap

ita G

DP

in

PP

Ps (

US

D)

A unique international database A unique international database A unique international database A unique international database

on 78 OECD metro with a common on 78 OECD metro with a common on 78 OECD metro with a common on 78 OECD metro with a common

definition of functional areasdefinition of functional areasdefinition of functional areasdefinition of functional areas

�Climate protection and economic growth are not enemies

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Mayors and Ministers on Urban Mayors and Ministers on Urban Mayors and Ministers on Urban Mayors and Ministers on Urban

Strategy at the OECD International Strategy at the OECD International Strategy at the OECD International Strategy at the OECD International

Conference on «Conference on «Conference on «Conference on « Competitive Cities and Competitive Cities and Competitive Cities and Competitive Cities and

Climate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate Change », October 9», October 9», October 9», October 9----10 200810 200810 200810 2008

Competitive Cities and Climate

Change

Ongoing research:

� Metropolitan economic development and climate change� Greening cities: an option for recovery?� Adapting planning, land use and urban governance � Local climate change action plans and green procurement� Financing climate friendly infrastructure

Final publication for COP 15

Cities & Climate Change: EnvironmentOngoing Work (1)

� Special Issue – 2008 submission

Understanding Climate Change Impacts & Vulnerability at Urban Scale: A Research Agenda

� Cities & climate change - 2009/10 – GOV/ENV joint work –� Cities & climate change - 2009/10 – GOV/ENV joint work –book project

– Multilevel governance – linking cities to nations on climate

• how to design national & sub-national policies to strengthen performance of local climate action

– Mitigation: exploring the “green economy” at urban scale

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Cities & Climate Change: EnvironmentUpdate on Recent Work

� Impacts & Vulnerability at Urban Scale:

Completed

– Literature review - Hunt & Watkiss 2007

– Ranking of Port Cities to Climate Extremes – Nicholls et al. 2008

– Copenhagen case study - Hallegatte et al. 2008– Copenhagen case study - Hallegatte et al. 2008

– Economics of Climate Change Impacts at City-Scale

Ongoing

– Mumbai case study

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National Level Policies and PlansNational Visions; Poverty Reduction Strategies; Multi-year Development

Plans

Sectoral LevelSector Development / Investment

Programme

Project LevelProject Cycle

Allocatebudget

Propose investment / expenditure in different sectors

Propose projects thatsupport sectoral goals

Identification & selection of

projectsEnabling Conditions for local-level adaptation

HOW TO INTEGRATE ADAPTATION?

Source: OECD DACGuidance on

Local Urban LevelLocal government & community action to manage climate risks

Project Cycle

Local Rural LevelLocal government & community action to manage climate risks

Top-down Project implementation

Bottom-up project identification, design,

implementation, monitoring & evaluation

Top-down Project

implementation

Learn-by-doing:Generation of adaptation-

relevant information

through experiences &

learning

Local information about development priorities, climate risks / changes, vulnerabilities and coping capacities

Feeding local information into

decision-making at different levels

adaptationGuidance on Development and Climate ChangeAdaptation

ENV mitigation projects where we will explore the role of cities

� Investment frameworks & climate change

– Tools: Corporate good practice - MNE guidelines, Policy Framework for Investment

• What interface with climate policy?

– Case studies on national / urban / firm level decisions

� Expanding carbon markets

– Use of joint implementation for domestic offsets

– Voluntary markets – consumer – government interface; corporate reporting & offsetting practice

– Monitoring for carbon markets & compliance

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2009 Climate Change Work at the OECD

EVENTS

� DAC/ENV High-Level Meeting – May

� OECD Ministerial – June

PRODUCTS

� DAC guidance document on adaptation and climate change

� OECD Ministerial – June

� High-Level Conference –September

� OECD COP15 & G8 participation

� OECD participation in World Bank activities

� Economics of Climate Change Mitigation (macro-economics, competitiveness, post-2012 policies)

� Cities & climate change

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Visit our website:

� www.oecd.org/env

� www.oecd.org/env/cc/cities

Thank you!