CITES and Succulents An introduction to succulent plants covered by the Convention on International...
41
CITES and Succulents An introduction to succulent plants covered by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
-
Upload
kristin-snow -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
0
Transcript of CITES and Succulents An introduction to succulent plants covered by the Convention on International...
CITES and Succulents
An introduction to succulent plants covered by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
What This Presentation Will Cover
• Introduction to succulent plants
• Succulent plants on CITES
• Implementing CITES for succulent plants
Introduction to Succulent Plants
What Are Succulent Plants?
Why Protect Succulent Plants?
What Groups Are Controlled?
Succulent Plants on CITES
Euphorbia Characteristics - Latex
Euphorbia Characteristics - Spines and Flowers
• Spines
– Needle like or
– Complex
– In pairs
• Flowers
– Inconspicuous
– Showy bracts
Global Distribution of Succulent Euphorbia
No. Euphorbia taxa
250
200
50
1
Source: Carter & Eggli (1997)
150
100
0
Euphorbia Trade
Major Exporter
Major Importer
Source: UNEP-WCMC CITES trade data 1997-2001
Aloe or Agave?
Aloe Agave
Aloe
Aloe Agave Agave
Global Distribution of Aloe
No. Aloetaxa
150
100
50
10
Aloe Trade
Major Exporter
Major Importer
Source: UNEP-WCMC CITES trade data 1997-2001
Pachypodium Characteristics
Global Distribution of Pachypodium
No. Pachypodium
taxa
30
15
10
Pachypodium Trade
Major Exporter
Major Importer
Source: UNEP-WCMC CITES trade data 1997-2001
Other Succulent Taxa Listed on CITES
Agave Alluaudia Fouquieria
Other Succulent Taxa Listed on CITES
Succulent Plants on CITES: Summary
Implementing CITES for Succulent Plants
Enforcement - Checks
• Check
– Documents
– Country of origin
– Packaging
– Shipments
– Trade routes
Wild or Artificially Propagated? - Key Characteristics
General Appearance
Spines
Roots
Soil
Wild Artificially propagated• Irregular shape & size
• Wounds ?insect damage
• “Corky” stems
• Irregular & broken
• Thicker
• Irregular
• Dead & broken
• Cut back when removed from the wild
• Native soils and associated plants
• Uniform
• Healthy plant parts
• Uniform & intact
• Thinner & weaker
• In shape of pot
• Roots cut back but healthy
• Several main roots
• One main taproot• Usually clean of soil
• Horticultural soil present (e.g. peat, sand, perlite, rockwool)
Wild or Artificially Propagated?
AP - shipment
AP - growth form
Wild - shipment Wild - growth form
Wild or Artificially Propagated?
AP - leaves
AP - spines Wild - rootsWild - spinesWild - leaves
AP - roots
Additional Slides
The CITES Definition of ‘Artificially Propagated’
Detecting Detrimental Trade?The Burden on Exporting Countries
• Article IV of the convention states that an export permit shall only be granted when, inter alia,’
• A Scientific Authority of the state of export has advised that such export will not be detrimental to the survival of that species’
Detrimental Trade - How and Why?
• Insufficient resources to implement Article IV of CITES
• Poor implementation of export bans on wild plants
• Smuggling
