Circulatory and Respiratory Review. What does the circulatory system provide the body?
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Transcript of Circulatory and Respiratory Review. What does the circulatory system provide the body?
Circulatory and Respiratory Review
• What does the circulatory system provide the body?
• Maintains homeostasis• Regulate temperature• Delivers gases and nutrients
• How many chambers does the human heart have?
• 4
• What are the upper chambers of the heart called?
• atria
• What is the purpose of the chordae tendinae?
• Tendons that hold the valve flaps in place
• Differentiate between the arteries, veins, capillaries
• Arteries carry blood to the body from the heart filled with oxygen. They have a larger ring of smooth muscle.
• Veins carry CO2 filled blood back to the heart. They contain valves
• Capillaries are microscopic and is the site of gas exchange.
• What are the scientific names for Red Blood Cells and White Blood Cells?
• Erythrocytes• Leukocytes
• What is the term for hardening of the arteries with fat deposits?
• artheriosclerosis
• Which side of the heart has the oxygenated blood?
• left
• Name the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart.
• Entering: superior and inferior vena cava• Leaving: Aorta
• What is blood pressure?
• The pressure exerted against the artery walls.
• What is normal blood pressure?
• 120/80
• What is the high blood pressure called?
• hypertension
• What is the difference between systole and diastole?
• Systole measure the contraction of blood traveling out of the heart on the artery walls.
• Diastole measures its relaxation
• What percentage of the blood is hematocrit and plasma?
• Hematocrit = 45%• Plasma = 55%
• What helps carry oxygen around in the blood?
• hemoglobin
• What is sickle-celled anemia?
• A genetic disorder that has collapsed red blood cells.
• How long does a red blood cell live?
• 120 days
• What is the role of leukocytes?
• To rid the body of foreign invaders.
• What will happen if a person receives the wrong blood type?
• Their blood will clump up
• Which blood type is the universal donor and recipient?
• Donor = type O• Recipient = type AB
• Why do your cells needs oxygen?
• To help metabolize food.
• How is food stopped from entering the trachea?
• The epiglottis covers it as food is swallowed
• What does the larynx do?
• Produces sound
• What line of defense do the lungs use against debris that has gone into the lungs?
• Mucus and macrophages
• Explain the role of the diaphragm in breathing in and out.
• As the diaphragm contracts it lowers lung air pressure causing a person to inhale.
• As the diaphragm relaxes it raises lung air pressure causing a person to exhale.
• What is tidal volume?
• A normal breathe.
• What does surfactant do?
• Keeps water from sticking to alveoli walls
• How is the majority of CO2 carried around in the blood?
• As bicarbonate.