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CHRISTOPHER W LANDERSELECTED WORKS
01
CONNECTION FRAME
COMPONENTS
NEOPRENE INSULATION
CLT PANEL
WOOD FIBER INSULATION
CLT PANELS
BATENS
EXTERIOR CLADDING
INTERIOR CLADDING
TOTAL COMPOSITE
STRUCTURAL GEOMETRY GEOMETRY AREA CENTROID GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [PERPENDICULAR LINE CREATION]
STRUCTURAL MEMBER CREATION ALONG PERPENDICULARS
STRUCTURAL LENGTH PARALLEL WITH LOAD
TRANSFERAL
PANEL APPLICATION TO STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
BASE SURFACE GEOMETRY BREAKUP GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [THROUGH SCRIPTED POINT PULL TO
LINE IN PARALLEL]
PANEL APPLICATION TO GEOMETRY GRID
02
03
04
URBAN SEED BANK
RURAL SEED BANK
WELLS LAMSON QUARRY
TIMBER COMPOSITE
2
05
07
TIMBER HIGHRISE
TRAVEL
08 NONPROFIT WORK
06 LINCOLN | LIVE + WORK
3CONTENTS
4
01URBAN SEED BANKProgram: Research, Education, ConservationYear: Spring 2011
5
Parking Structures
Residential - Primary
Commercial - OfficeCommercial - Retail
Insurance and Financial ServicesEducation
O Street
P Street
Q Street
N Street
M Street
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enia
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O Street
P Street
Q Street
N Street
M Street
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13th
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12th
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10th
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9th
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8th
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O Street
P Street
Q Street
N Street
HOLIDAY INNLINCOLN JOURNAL STAREMBASSY SUITESWELLS FARGOSOUTHEAST COMMUNITY COLLEGEPERSHING AUDITORIUM
Hospitaliy + Convention Centers
Entertainment [ restaurants, bars, halls etc. ]
SEED VAULT
LABORATORY
MECHANICAL
PLANT DEVELOPMENT
FAIR TRADE SHOPEXHIBITION SPACE
RESTROOM
MECHANICAL
EXHIBITION SPACE
CLASSROOM
TERRACE
WEST ELEVEATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
OFFICE
ATRIUM
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
MASSING DIAGRAMS
6
Parking Structures
Residential - Primary
Commercial - OfficeCommercial - Retail
Insurance and Financial ServicesEducation
O Street
P Street
Q Street
N Street
M Street
Cent
enia
l Mal
l N.
14th
Str
eet
13th
Str
eet
12th
Str
eet
11th
Str
eet
10th
Str
eet
9th
Stre
et
8th
Stre
et
7th
Stre
et
O Street
P Street
Q Street
N Street
M Street
14th
Str
eet
13th
Str
eet
12th
Str
eet
10th
Str
eet
9th
Stre
et
8th
Stre
et
O Street
P Street
Q Street
N Street
HOLIDAY INNLINCOLN JOURNAL STAREMBASSY SUITESWELLS FARGOSOUTHEAST COMMUNITY COLLEGEPERSHING AUDITORIUM
Hospitaliy + Convention Centers
Entertainment [ restaurants, bars, halls etc. ]
SEED VAULT
LABORATORY
MECHANICAL
PLANT DEVELOPMENT
FAIR TRADE SHOPEXHIBITION SPACE
RESTROOM
MECHANICAL
EXHIBITION SPACE
CLASSROOM
TERRACE
WEST ELEVEATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
OFFICE
ATRIUM
Across the world, a network of seed banks has been established to protect biodiversity, and to maintain a reserve of food crops. Rare plant species, and food crops that were historically useful, but are no longer used for commercial agricultural production, require an organized conservation effort.
The task for this project was to design a seed bank in Lincoln’s Haymarket district. Conceptually, the design of this structure took shape as a series of volumes corresponding to various interior programs. These volumes, once extruded outward, begin to articulate on the building’s exterior a separation of the facility’s many functions: administration, exploration, education, and conservation.
CROSS SECTION
7URBAN SEED BANK
8
02 RURAL SEED BANKProgram: Research, Education, ConservationYear: Spring 2011
9
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LOCATION SELECTION
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Based on the topography of the land and the channels by which water flows through the site, 3 areas were assessed as potential building locations. Water flows off the sites in 3 directions where it can enter those natural drainage channels.
The area outlined in green is vegetation that has grown in a problematic drainage zone. The soil here remains saturated much longer than soil on surrounding hills, making it unsuitable for new roads, buildings, or agriculture.
SOIL TYPES
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3952
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7503
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Soil identification was extracted from the lancaster county’s geographic information system database. The type and quality of the soil is useful in determining the placement of new construction and of the seed bank’s associated exterior planting area.
3820 bultler silt loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes
3952 filmore silt loam, frequently ponded
7503 pawnee clay loam, 3 to 6 percent slopes, eroded
7681 wymore silty clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes
7684 wymore silty clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes, eroded
7750 nodaway silt loam, occasionally flooded
1390
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1410
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SITE SELECTION Building location no.1 was determined to be most appropriate for further development based on the site analysis. The area outlined in gray is unsuitable for the outdoor growing area, but is in the immediate vicinity of the building location.
Existing trees are also indicated in green.
1
N
SECTION a
SECTION b
a a
bb
How does site context influence architecture?
The flexibility of a rural site, in this case, created a rapid departure from the urban architectural form explored in the previous project. This seed bank was sited in a field southwest of Lincoln, Nebraska, and though the programmatic requirements remained the same, the lack of boundary permitted an expansive structure that seemed to grow from the landscape.
During the site analysis phase of this project, I identified locations where I could envision this structure growing from a hillside into organic geometries. I imagined that the structure could curve and separate in places to create interior courtyards. The stepped terraces recede back into the hill, blending with the natural landscape.
At top is a cut-fill diagram showing where displaced land could be allocated on site.
PHYSICAL MODEL10
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LOCATION SELECTION
1
2
3
Based on the topography of the land and the channels by which water flows through the site, 3 areas were assessed as potential building locations. Water flows off the sites in 3 directions where it can enter those natural drainage channels.
The area outlined in green is vegetation that has grown in a problematic drainage zone. The soil here remains saturated much longer than soil on surrounding hills, making it unsuitable for new roads, buildings, or agriculture.
SOIL TYPES
1390
1390
1410
1390
1390
1390
1390
1420
1380
1390
1430
1400
1430
1410
1430
1420
14301430
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14201420
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1400
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1410
1410
1410
1410
1410
1380
1410
1380
1410
1410
1410
1410
1410
1410
7684
7684
7684
7684
3820
7684
7684
7684
7750
3952
7681
7681
7681
7681
7503
1
2
1
Soil identification was extracted from the lancaster county’s geographic information system database. The type and quality of the soil is useful in determining the placement of new construction and of the seed bank’s associated exterior planting area.
3820 bultler silt loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes
3952 filmore silt loam, frequently ponded
7503 pawnee clay loam, 3 to 6 percent slopes, eroded
7681 wymore silty clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes
7684 wymore silty clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes, eroded
7750 nodaway silt loam, occasionally flooded
1390
1390
1410
1390
1390
1390
1390
1420
1380
1390
1430
1400
1430
1410
1430
1420
14301430
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1430
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SITE SELECTION Building location no.1 was determined to be most appropriate for further development based on the site analysis. The area outlined in gray is unsuitable for the outdoor growing area, but is in the immediate vicinity of the building location.
Existing trees are also indicated in green.
1
N
SECTION a
SECTION b
a a
bb
11RURAL SEED BANK
ARTIST’S RESIDENCE
EXHIBITION SPACE
ARTIST’S STUDIO
SECTION This section cuts through a northern portion of the structure and details various slab, floor, glazing, and wall assemblies. Circulation between levels is contained within the programatic ring surrounding it and offers views into the depths of the quarry.12
03 QUARRYProgram: Residential, StudioYear: Fall 2011
1. form 2. regulation 4. division
1. form 2. regulation 3. division 4. circulation 4. path down
abstract.
The impact of the quarry is best felt from one of two places: either within its
depths or perched above. From within, the mass of the surrounding rock
belittles the occupant, but the view from the top is empowering. The
objective is to create a distinct contrast between a solemn place of seclusion
and an assertive, transcendental architecture that commands the landscape.
The former is a strictly intrapersonal space, or self-reflective environment
while the latter is expansive and empowering.
The form of the ellipse is derived from the shape of the small quarry located
just south-west of the larger Wells Lamson Quarry. Regulating lines radiating
from the the center of the ellipse made divisions in the form and ulitimately
determined programatic locations. The center is open to below with
circulation around the perimeter.
13
[6]
C A
B
ARTIST RESIDENCE RESTROOM
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS SPACE
CARETAKER’S RESIDENCE BCARETAKER’S RESIDENCE A
0 1 4 8 16
SECTION AAglazing, and wall assemblies. Circulation between levels is contained within the programatic ring
[1]
[1]
[2]
[2]
[6][7]
[7]
[1]
[7]
[7]
Chris LanderTectonic Review | Arch 430
Jeff Day Studio | FallDecember 13, 2011DESCENSION
Mechanical, Glazing, and Code Systems:
Building Envelope + Structural System:
CA B This condition shows the exterior walkway by which occupants transverse the central space enclosed by the structure’s ring. The walkway is sloped to allow water to drain into a channel and be directed away from the building
Below the walkway in this section is the caretakers’ residences which feature a curtain wall facing the quarry’s depths and features a drop ceiling hiding HVAC systems.
[3]
[4]
[4]
[5]
IN SITU CONCRETE
CHANNEL GLASS
RAISED FLOORS
INTERIOR WALLS
GLAZING SYSTEMS
HVAC SYSTEM
EGRESS
Assembly:[1] cast-in-place concrete slabs[2] cast-in-place concrete walls[3] channel glass system[4] interior walls[5] raised floor system [6] mullion and glazing systems[7] Egress+Circulation
Clockwise From Top Left:
HVAC system detailing both supply air [red] and return air [blue]. Vents in the floor of the upper residences allow warm air to wash windows in winter.
Interior raised floors [blue] maintain level surfaces despite sloped in situ concrete slabs. Interior walls [green] subdivide spaces and create private living quarters for the artists and caretakers.
Glazing systems shown with egress locations. Exits open toward central circulation paths which allow occupants to move within the complex.
Structural System:The structural system is comprised of in situ concrete which is responsible for supporting all loads and transferring them into the granite site. The slabs cantilever out beyond the quarry’s edges in places but are supported by a foundation minus a footing that is anchored directly into subterranean granite. Extensive and complicated formwork must be crafted to achieve desired form.[A] in situ concrete slabs on grade[B] in situ concrete walls[C] roof assembly: in situ concrete, EPS rigid insulation, gypsum board[D] floor assembly: raised floor system via- Bison: Innovative Products (Bison Jack), insulation, wood flooring
Channel Glass System:[A] Channel Glass by Lamberts with custom tracks[B] Class 1 Clear Anodized Aluminium Track[C] 504 Rough Cast - a hammered pearl or orange peel texture provides moderate translucency; features excellent light scattering properties
Building Envelope:[A] In situ concrete walls [exterior facade consists of exposed CIP concrete][B] Extruded Polystyrene Rigid Insulation[C] ProRoc FLEX gypsum board engineered for curved applications[D] Class 1 Clear Anodized Aluminium Window Mullions
DayLighting:Translucent channel glass on the building’s exterior allows light to enter interior spaces, but minimizes an occupant’s view outward. Instead, that gaze is directed toward the central depths of the quarry contained by the structure.
Mechanical Systems:[A] Finished soffit, gypsum drop ceiling[B] Air circulated through forced air system via HVAC ductwork[C] Return air ductwork[D] Plumbing cores run adjacent to restrooms[E] Fire sprinkler system
Code System:Circulation and egress are located within the central exterior space of the “programmatic ring.” They consist of ramps that are at a 1:20 slope which conform to ADA requirements while at the same time avoid the necessity of handrails.
Section + Assembly Details
[1]
14
The Wells Lamson Quarry in Barre, Vermont had been left abandoned for years. It was once a harsh industrial landscape where men would toil to extract earth for projects in far away cities. Now the activity is gone and the quarry has filled with water, becoming a massive lake. The new landscape carved out by man is desolate but tranquil. Students were asked to design an environment that serves to reconnect people with this forgotten place. This proposal aims to create space where occupants can reflect on the quarry’s industrious past and the powerful capabilities of modern man.
The design of this structure turns a cold shoulder to the outer world and strives to focus all attention into the remnant void. Paths spiral around the center in elliptical arcs, connecting artists’ studios, galleries, and residences above with an introspective memorial to the past below.
This project encouraged expressive, speculative design. The curvilinear architecture is in stark contrast to the jagged cuts along the quarry walls - its spiraling structure floats amid a surreal landscape.
15
CONNECTION FRAME
COMPONENTS
NEOPRENE INSULATION
CLT PANEL
WOOD FIBER INSULATION
CLT PANELS
BATENS
EXTERIOR CLADDING
INTERIOR CLADDING
TOTAL COMPOSITE
STRUCTURAL GEOMETRY GEOMETRY AREA CENTROID GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [PERPENDICULAR LINE CREATION]
STRUCTURAL MEMBER CREATION ALONG PERPENDICULARS
STRUCTURAL LENGTH PARALLEL WITH LOAD
TRANSFERAL
PANEL APPLICATION TO STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
BASE SURFACE GEOMETRY BREAKUP GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [THROUGH SCRIPTED POINT PULL TO
LINE IN PARALLEL]
PANEL APPLICATION TO GEOMETRY GRID
16
04 TIMBER COMPOSITEProgram: Construction ComponentYear: Fall 2012
17
CONNECTION FRAME
COMPONENTS
NEOPRENE INSULATION
CLT PANEL
WOOD FIBER INSULATION
CLT PANELS
BATENS
EXTERIOR CLADDING
INTERIOR CLADDING
TOTAL COMPOSITE
STRUCTURAL GEOMETRY GEOMETRY AREA CENTROID GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [PERPENDICULAR LINE CREATION]
STRUCTURAL MEMBER CREATION ALONG PERPENDICULARS
STRUCTURAL LENGTH PARALLEL WITH LOAD
TRANSFERAL
PANEL APPLICATION TO STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
BASE SURFACE GEOMETRY BREAKUP GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [THROUGH SCRIPTED POINT PULL TO
LINE IN PARALLEL]
PANEL APPLICATION TO GEOMETRY GRID
TIMBER COMPOSITE DEVELOPMENT
Timber construction is quickly gaining popularity among designers around the world. As a building material, timber provides adequate strength, while maintaining a natural, elegant aesthetic. More and more architects are realizing that wooden construction need not be cost-prohibitive. Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) panels are commonly used in both floor and load-bearing wall assemblies and Wthese methods of construction are shown to be ecologically more sustainable than traditional concrete or steel assemblies.
As part of this design studio, our class traveled to Heber City, Utah to visit the headquarters of Hundegger USA. Hundegger manufactures enormous automated machines that manipulate rough lumber according to incredibly precise specifications. During our visit, we learned to program the machine to cut to our own specifications. I worked with two other students to develop a composite building system.
My group’s composite system was based on a structural connection-frame component that could be pieced together with other connections to form a facade. We demonstrated a resolved application of our composite on a geodesic dome at right. Measurements of the timber structural members could be extracted from our model and programed into the Hundegger software. Below are a series of diagrams showing how our assembly is pieced together. Our composite included layered CLT paneling, insulation, and interior and exterior cladding materials. We came up with two variations for the enclosure that surrounds the connection frame. This exercise brought to light the potential for mass customization with timber construction, and it became a springboard for further questioning and exploration throughout the semester.
18
CONNECTION FRAME
COMPONENTS
NEOPRENE INSULATION
CLT PANEL
WOOD FIBER INSULATION
CLT PANELS
BATENS
EXTERIOR CLADDING
INTERIOR CLADDING
TOTAL COMPOSITE
STRUCTURAL GEOMETRY GEOMETRY AREA CENTROID GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [PERPENDICULAR LINE CREATION]
STRUCTURAL MEMBER CREATION ALONG PERPENDICULARS
STRUCTURAL LENGTH PARALLEL WITH LOAD
TRANSFERAL
PANEL APPLICATION TO STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
BASE SURFACE GEOMETRY BREAKUP GEOMETRY CENTROID CONNECTION [THROUGH SCRIPTED POINT PULL TO
LINE IN PARALLEL]
PANEL APPLICATION TO GEOMETRY GRID
TIMBER COMPOSITE
2020
05 TIMBER HIGHRISEProgram: Mixed UseYear: Fall 2012
21
1
2
3
4
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6
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11
DETAILS1 3 1/8 x 10 GLULAM2 EXT. CLADDING3 BATTENS4 3PLY SOLID WOOD PANEL5 WOOD FIBER INSULATION6 55mm CLT PANEL7 DOUBLE PANE WINDOW8 CORK THERMAL BREAK9 EXPANSIVE TAPE10 FLEXIBLE NEOPRENE11 WINDOW FRAME12 SOLID WOOD PANEL13 INSULATION14 INT. CLADDING
1213
14
3.75in CLT
2.75in CLT
DROP CEILING SLATS
3.75 x 18in GLULAMINATED BEAM
6.75 x 18in GLULAMINATED COLUMN
RUBBER BAR ACCOUSTICAL SEALANT
5.75 x 18in WOOD BLOCK
STEEL CONNECTION DETAIL
WOOD PARQUET
CONFIGURATION OF MODULES
REDUCTION OF MODULES
EXTERIOR TERRACES
TIMBER COMPOSITE PANELS
Designing a facade system that could be componentized and replicated across a large surface was the first task for this project. The facade system’s application to a site-specific architectural project would come later.
Research into CLT construction had shown that it performs well in wall and floor assemblies, but what if it could also be developed as part of a panelized facade system too? These drawings and study models show my process for taking this idea through a process of development.
These composite panels had to perform the essential tasks of protecting the building’s interior from the external environment and weather conditions, but I found that an aggregation of them across a broad surface could create a unique pattern of light on a building’s interior, and a textured aesthetic to the external architecture. A designer need only apply more opaque panels to areas where less light and transparency into the interior were preferred.
22
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5
6
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10
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DETAILS1 3 1/8 x 10 GLULAM2 EXT. CLADDING3 BATTENS4 3PLY SOLID WOOD PANEL5 WOOD FIBER INSULATION6 55mm CLT PANEL7 DOUBLE PANE WINDOW8 CORK THERMAL BREAK9 EXPANSIVE TAPE10 FLEXIBLE NEOPRENE11 WINDOW FRAME12 SOLID WOOD PANEL13 INSULATION14 INT. CLADDING
1213
14
3.75in CLT
2.75in CLT
DROP CEILING SLATS
3.75 x 18in GLULAMINATED BEAM
6.75 x 18in GLULAMINATED COLUMN
RUBBER BAR ACCOUSTICAL SEALANT
5.75 x 18in WOOD BLOCK
STEEL CONNECTION DETAIL
WOOD PARQUET
23
The following pages include design work for a timber highrise proposal for downtown Kansas City. The project is a mixed used development, containing retail space on the first three levels, and offices / apartments above. For me, the focus of this project was to push the limits of what a building’s envelope could be.
The triangulated facade is made up of a modular timber composite designed for flexible application. Two variations, an operable window, and an insulative CLT component, can be applied at different intervals to allow for variable lighting conditions and privacy. The triangular geometry can adjust to curved surfaces as well, so while the offices and residences are bounded by orthogonal walls, the atrium at the front of the building features a large curved facade. This creates a rather dramatic effect as light spills through the windows and lights the atrium and offices within.
FLOOR 12
FLOOR 11
FLOOR 02
24
TIMBER HIGHRISE
1
2
3
4
5
6
789
10
11
DETAILS1 3 1/8 x 10 GLULAM2 EXT. CLADDING3 BATTENS4 3PLY SOLID WOOD PANEL5 WOOD FIBER INSULATION6 55mm CLT PANEL7 DOUBLE PANE WINDOW8 CORK THERMAL BREAK9 EXPANSIVE TAPE10 FLEXIBLE NEOPRENE11 WINDOW FRAME12 SOLID WOOD PANEL13 INSULATION14 INT. CLADDING
1213
14
3.75in CLT
2.75in CLT
DROP CEILING SLATS
3.75 x 18in GLULAMINATED BEAM
6.75 x 18in GLULAMINATED COLUMN
RUBBER BAR ACCOUSTICAL SEALANT
5.75 x 18in WOOD BLOCK
STEEL CONNECTION DETAIL
WOOD PARQUET
SKIP-STOP APARTMENT CONFIGURATIONS
2626
TIMBER HIGHRISE
1C
3C2C
FLOOR 1 FLOOR 2 FLOOR 3 FLOOR 4
2 UNITS
5020
20
2 UNITS 4 UNITSI
2 UNITS
5020
20
2 UNITS 4 UNITSI
2828
06 LINCOLN | LIVE + WORKProgram: Mixed UseYear: Spring 2014
1H
3H
L Street
2H
4H
1G
3G
2G
1F
3F
2F
1E
3E
2E
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2D1C
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2C
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1A
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40 8 16
1/16 in = 1ft
29
NORTH ELEVATION
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
30
Lincoln | Live + Work is a proposed mixed-use development for the derelict South Haymarket district. Three unit types, each with a unique layout and sq. footage, can accommodate diverse occupants, whether that be a young aspiring artist, or a middle-aged chiropractor with a family. Each unit is four stories tall with a double-height space on the first floor that allows for flexible working conditions. The top two floors of each unit contain everything a typical apartment would.
NORTHWEST PERSPECTIVELike many Midwestern cities, Lincoln shows an abrupt transition from a high-density urban environment downtown to disperse suburban developments on its periphery. These two zones seem to function independently and require people living in suburbs with few amenities to travel downtown for employment, shopping, or entertainment. By contrast, a paraurban condition would allow office and retail development to exist within a lower density fabric, effectively blurring the line between the city and the suburb.
LINCOLN | LIVE + WORK
07TRAVELProgram: Cultural, Education
Year: Ongoing
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Westminster Tube Station Cutty Sark Clipper Lloyd’s Building
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08 NONPROFIT WORKOrganization: World Energy ProjectYears: 2010 - 2014
In 2010, I cofounded the World Energy Project with four other students at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. We work to help developing communities gain access to reliable electricity. Our small team is responsible for designing, funding, and installing these energy systems, and we completed our first independent project at a school in western Kenya in 2013. As part of this team, I traveled to Africa for three consecutive summers to work on these solar power installations.
Working on this project has been the best thing I’ve done in my time as a student. I have had the incredible opportunity to travel and see so many different places and people.
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FLOWER OF HOPE | PRIMARY SCHOOL | HAITI
I was asked to help develop a schematic design for a primary school in rural Haiti. My parents had both visited Haiti and were involved in fundraising efforts to bring a new school building to the village. After meeting with engineering professors involved with the project at the Durham School in Omaha, I designed a scheme for the school building. We worked together to create the proposal below, and within months, the new Flower of Hope primary school near Hinche, Haiti was built.
NON PROFIT WORK
Hybridized Infrastructure combines multiple functional aspects into one infrastructural work. A traditional approach to city or regional infrastructure involves the implementation of mono-functional systems that concern themselves with a single problem. Highways or subways are created for the purpose of transportation, sewers channel waste-water, power plants and associated grids generate and distribute electricity. These are all separate systems, but through their integration they can become more efficient, productive, and accessible.
Located in and extending from Central Park’s Reservoir, the hybridized infrastructure project I am proposing will serve as a centralized agricultural production and distribution center. Agricultural production occurs in a series of eco-towers that are spread throughout the park, and the distribution (transport lines) stem from these nodes and travel around the city to strategically integrated markets. While the park is a suitable site for the production process, the markets are better situated in locations that are more accessible to consumers engaged in their daily routines. Ideally, the production of locally grown and organic produce on the island of Manhattan would serve as an introduction to a new ethic that focuses on environmentally conscious, healthy, and sustainable urban living.
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09 Hybridized Urban InfrastructureProgram: InfrastructuralYear: Spring 2013
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Battery Park1City Hall Park2Canal Street3West Houston Street4Union Square5Madison Square Park6Times Square8Columbus CircleCentral Park
Hunt’s Point Distribution CenterImportation: 2.7 billion lbs. / year
from 49 states, 55 countries
9 34th Street 7
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VINELINE
DISTRIBUTION
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS0
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N 1” = 240’
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DISTRIBUTION LEVEL +20
1 STAGING + SHIPPING2 ADC STORAGE3 CONTROL CENTER4 DOCK5 HYDROLIC LIFT
PUBLIC LEVEL +40
7 EXTERIOR COURTYARD8 RECEPTION9 PUBLIC RESTROOMS
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PRODUCTION LEVEL +60 - 560
10 SEED DEVELOPMENT11 HYDROPONICS STACKS
Hybridized Infrastructure combines multiple functional aspects into one infrastructural work. A traditional approach to city or regional infrastructure involves the implementation of mono-functional systems that concern themselves with a single problem. Highways or subways are created for the purpose of transportation, sewers channel waste-water, power plants and associated grids generate and distribute electricity. These are all separate systems, but through their integration they can become more efficient, productive, and accessible.
Located in and extending from Central Park’s Reservoir, the hybridized infrastructure project I am proposing will serve as a centralized agricultural production and distribution center. Agricultural production occurs in a series of eco-towers that are spread throughout the park, and the distribution (transport lines) stem from these nodes and travel around the city to strategically integrated markets. While the park is a suitable site for the production process, the markets are better situated in locations that are more accessible to consumers engaged in their daily routines. Ideally, the production of locally grown and organic produce on the island of Manhattan would serve as an introduction to a new ethic that focuses on environmentally conscious, healthy, and sustainable urban living.
The Eco towers will be designed to efficiently grow crops in hydroponic growing conditions. Hydroponic techniques have higher productive yields than traditional or even bio-intensive agricultural production methods. The façade will allow sunlight to enter the interior of the facility yet the lighting conditions will not be entirely consistent throughout. Since different crops require different growing conditions, plantings can be strategically positioned for optimal growth. Tomatoes for instance, thrive under long and intense sun exposure but various herbs require significantly less light to grow and too much light can be a hindrance to productive yields. The process of growing and distributing crops has a wide range of variables that affect the final yield and this product can be quantified in numerous ways. Yields can be measured by caloric output or economic value and optimizing one measurement over another will have different benefits. The proposed system becomes more economically viable if its products sell at higher profit margins, so the type of crops grown can be tailored to produce the greatest economic value. Financial considerations, though important, are not the only variables influencing the system’s production strategies. Since the system aims to supplement the food supply in New York City, crops that yield the most caloric/nutritional value would be preferable. Though these crops might not yield high profit margins, they better address the problem of feeding New York from within. An analysis of the city’s demand, various crop yields, nutritional values, and market prices will help tailor the production strategies and ultimately inform the creation of a viable system of agricultural production and food distribution within the dense urban environment.
HYDROPONICS BASIN
200 W LED LIGHTS
GALVANIZED ALUMINUM FRAME
HYDROPONICS PIPING
BOLTED JOINT CONNECTION
12’ x 6’ GLASS PANELS
CURTAIN WALL TENSION CABLE
CAST-IN-PLACE SLAB
COLLARD GREENSTURNIP GREENS
MUSTARD GREENSLETTUCE (LEAF)
KALECALERY
TOMATOESCUCUMBERS
LETTUCE (HEAD)SWEET POTATOES
SPINACHBELL PEPPERS
CARROTSEGGPLANT
SQUASHONIONS
GREEN PEASCABBAGE
CAULIFLOWERPOTATOES
SNAP BEANSASPARAGUS
SWEET CORNBROCCOLI
$0 $1000 $2000 $3000 $4000 $5000 $6000 $7000
GRAPESBLACKBERRIES
STRAWBERRIESPEACHES
BLUEBERRIESAPPLES
RASPBERRIESFIGS
PEARSHONEYDEW
CHERRIESCANTALOUPE
PLUMSWATERMELLON
$0 $1000 $2000 $3000
POTENTIAL ANNUAL CROP VALUE PER 1000 s.f. BED
COLUMBUS CENTER
TIMES SQUARE
34th STREET
MADISON SQUARE PARK
UNION SQUARE
BATTERY PARK
HOUSTON STREET
CANAL STREET
VESSEY STREET
HUNT’S POINT
CENTRAL PARK
FREDERICK DOUGLAS CIRCLE
MORNINGSIDE PARK
Adaptable Distribution ContainersADCs are designed to interface with either 3 different transportation
networks. The MTA subway, the Vineline, and trucks for surface distribution. ADCs are “smart” units that can take input from multiple information sources.
Stacked HydroponicsThese hydroponics stacks provide growing space for fruits and vegetables in
the eco-towers. The largest tower contains nearly 200,000 planters where plants root themselves in nutrient rich solution while basking beneath energy
efficient LED-UV lights.
Productive YieldsThe towers and their hydroponics have an enormous capacity for plant growth. Hydroponics not only require less space than traditional or bio-intensive methods, but their yields can be orders of magnitudes higher. Nearly a quarter of a million plants can be grown in just one of the facilities.
Let’s analyze the production of STRAWBERRIES
New York City consumes an estimated 62,250,000 pounds of strawberries every year. 75% of these strawberries are consumed fresh while the other quarter is either processed or frozen.
If we have 200,000 strawberry plants growing in 1 eco tower, studies have shown that we can expect hydroponic growing conditions to yield 4 -6 lbs of fruit every 6 months. Thats 8 - 12 lbs per year per plant. With the whole facility (entirely devoted to organic hydroponic strawberries) only producing about 2.4 million pounds of strawberries. Roughly 4% of the entire city’s yearly consumption.
But how much cash could this crop yield?
Through points of sale in integrated markets along the Vineline, and wider distribution to larger markets via the system’s distribution hubs, strawberries can yield a significant amount of revenue.
The 2.4million pounds of strawberries produced in one of the Central Park facilities, could be expected to yield an average of $5.25/lb . (Inflated by the city’s cost of living and the organic value increase) Our crop of 2.4 million pounds of strawberries would yield aproximately $12.6 million. Of course, there will be a wide range of produce grown in these towers and each will have a different run on the market yielding more or less as demand dictates. It should also be noted that this doesn’t take into account fuel savings from unwarranted distribution.
DEMANDThe size of New York City dictates an overwhelming need for imported food from outside the city. As fuel prices continue to climb, NYC needs a 21st century alternative to food production and distribution. Production needs to begin to enter the realm of the metropolis and distribution needs to be streamlined, clean, and efficient.
VALUEDifferent crops yield different prices at market. To the left, is a chart depicting the potential annual crop yields for various fruits and vegetables. The line bisecting the bars indicates the estimated yield for bio-intensive and hydroponic growing methods. It should be noted that many factors influence plant productivity.
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1:500 | TRANSPORT + RECEIVING 1:500 | PROCESSING 1:500 | PRODUCTION
STRUCTURAL AXONOMETRIC
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