Relaciones y elecciones Relationships & Choices sábado, 01 de agosto de 2015.
Choices in Relationships
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Transcript of Choices in Relationships
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Choices in Relationships
Chapter Seventeen: Aging in Marriage and
Family Relationships
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Age and Ageism
• The Concept of Age– A person’s age may be defined
chronologically, physiologically, psychologically, sociologically, and culturally.
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Age and Ageism
• Ageism– Every society has some form of ageism—the
systematic persecution and degradation of people because they are old.
• Theories of Aging– Gerontology is the study of aging.
– Table 17.2 identifies several theories, the level (macro or micro) of the theory, the theorists typically associated with the theory, assumptions, and criticisms.
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Age and Ageism
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Age and Ageism
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Caregiving for the Elderly—The “Sandwich Generation”
• The number of individuals in the sandwich generation will increase for the following reasons:
– Longevity– Chronic disease– Fewer siblings to help– Commitment to parental care– Lack of support for the caregiver
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Issues Confronting the Elderly
• Income– For most individuals, the end of life is
characterized by reduced income.
• Housing– Most elderly Americans, about 94 percent,
live in a noninstitutionalized setting.
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Issues Confronting the Elderly
• Physical Health– Good physical health is the single most
important determinant of an elderly person’s reported happiness.
• Mental Health– Elderly persons more often have a reduced
capacity for processing information quickly, for cognitive attention to a specific task, for retention, and for motivation to focus on a task.
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Issues Confronting the Elderly
• Retirement– A blurred retirement means the individual
works part-time before completely retiring or takes a bridge job that provides a transition between a lifelong career and full retirement.
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Issues Confronting the Elderly
• Sexuality– Levitra, Cialis, and Viagra are prescription
drugs that help a man create and maintain an erection.
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Issues Confronting the Elderly
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Issues Confronting the Elderly
• Successful Aging– Factors associated with successful aging
include:
• not smoking or quitting early
• developing a positive view of life and life’s crises
• avoiding alcohol and substance abuse
• maintaining healthy weight
• exercising daily
• continuing to educate oneself
• having a happy marriage
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Relationships at Age 85 and Beyond
• Relationship with Spouse at Age 85 and Beyond– Marriages that survive into late life are characterized
by little conflict, considerable companionship, and mutual supportiveness.
• Relationship with Siblings at Age 85 and Beyond– Relationships with siblings are primarily emotional
(enjoying time together) rather than functional (the sibling provides money or services).
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Relationships at Age 85 and Beyond
• Relationship with One’s Own Children at Age 85 and Beyond
– In regard to relationships of the elderly with their children, emotional and expressive rewards are high.
– Actual caregiving is rare.
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Grandparenthood
• Perceptions of Grandparenting– Biological renewal– Biological continuity– Emotional self-fulfillment– Resource person
• Styles of Grandparenting– Whereas some grandparents are formal and
rigid, others are informal and playful, and authority lines are irrelevant.
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Grandparenthood
• Effect of Divorce on Grandparent-Child Relationship– Divorced grandparents have less contact with
grandchildren and participate in fewer shared activities with them.
• Benefits to Grandchildren– Grandchildren report enormous benefits from
having a close relationship with grandparents, including development of a sense of family ideals, moral beliefs, and a work ethic.
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The End of One’s Life
• Death of One’s Spouse– The death of one’s spouse is the most stressful life
event individuals experience.
• Involvement with New Partners at Age 80 and Beyond– Most women who live to age 80 have lost their
husbands.
– Patterns women use to adjust to this lopsided man-woman ratio include dating younger men, romance without marriage, and “share-a-man” relationships.
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The End of One’s Life
• Preparing for One’s Own Death
– Thoughts the Last Year of Life • Most had thought about death and saw their life as
one that would soon end.
• Most did so without remorse or anxiety.
– Behaviors the Last Year of Life• Aware that they are going to die, most simplify
their life, disengage from social relationships, and leave final instructions.