Chem Project Hiren

8/15/2019 Chem Project Hiren

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BHAGWATI INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC

SCHOOL

DR. INDU DAYAL MESHRI PRIMARY

ENGLISH SCHOOL, PATAN

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

ON

“EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL PRESENT

IN ANISEED (SAUNF).

SUBMITTED BY:- HIREN M. THAKKAR

GUIDE BY:- MR.NABAKISHOR SOROKHAIBAM

ROLL NO.:- ________________



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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Master Hiren

Thakkar, a student of class XII Science,

worked on project titled” Extraction of

essential oil present in Aniseed

(saunf)” held in Bhagwati InternationalPublic School in the academic year !"#$

"%&

'e worked sincerely under the guidance

of faculties and has prepared this

dissertation&

Sinature Sinature



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Sinature

(External Teacher) (Inchare Teacher)

(!rincipal)

AC"#$%&E'EE#T

*irst of all, my sincere thanks go tothe +lmighty to the support me in my

way& I am thankful to 'r* Ra+endra s*

al,al- the principal of Bhagwati

International Public School& I would

like to show my great appreciation tor* #a.kishore Sorokhai.a/* The

guidance and support which I receied

from my classmates contributes to

this project, and is ital for the

success of this project& I am grateful

for their constant support and help& I

also owe a deep sense of gratitude to

my parents for the encouragement



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and support throughout the project&

Hiren * Thakkar

I#'E0

S.No. Contents Page No.

I. +im -

II. Introduction #

III. +niseed .ssential /il 0

IV. 1e2uirements "

V. Procedure "3

VI. /bseration "-



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VII. Bibliography "%



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I#TR$'CTI$#

4e are all familiar with the pleasantodours coming out from 5owers,spices and many trees& The essenceor aromas of plants are due to olatileoils present in them& These smelling

olatile oils present in plants arecalled essential oils& 6innamon, cloe,cumin, eucalyptus, garlic, jasmine,peppermint, rose, sandalwood,spearmint, thyme, wintergreen is afew familiar e7amples of aluable

essential oils& The term 8essential oils9literally means 8oils deried from theessence9 of plants&

.ssential oils are mainly used for their

pleasant/doursin perfumes and as 5aoring agents infoods& Some areused in medicines (e&g&, camphor,



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wintergreen, eucalyptus) others as insectrepellants

(e&g&, citronella)& 6hemically essential oilsare compo$sed ofcomple7 mi7tures of ester, alcohols, phenols,

aldehydes, ketones and hydrocarbons&

They are essentially non$polar compoundsand are thus soluble in non$polar solentssuch as petroleum ether, ben:ene etc&.ssential oils may occur in all parts of theplant, but they are often concentrated in

the seeds or 5owers& They are obtainedfrom the plants by the process of

steam distillation and e7traction& Thetechni2ue of

steam distillation permits the separationof olatile components from non$olatilematerials without raising the temperatureof the distillation aboe "!!; 6& Thussteamdistillation reduces the risk ofdecomposition of essential oils&



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A#ISEE' ESSE#TIA&

$I&

Aniseed !lant

+niseed, on steam distillation, yields anessential oil, known as </il of +niseed<,which has now replaced the fruits formedicinal and 5aoring purposes&

+niseed oil is a colorless or pale$yellowli2uid haing the characteristic odor andtaste of the fruit& The yield of oilgenerally aries from "&= to 3&" percent&'igher alues up to # per cent haebeen reported from Syrian aniseed&



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6rushing of fruits prior to distillationgies better yields of oil& The materialshould be distilled soon after thecrushing to preent any loss of oil dueto eaporation& +niseed oil is a highlyrefractie li2uid, which solidi>es oncooling& The congealing point dependsmuch on the anethole content and is aaluable criterion for ealuating the oil&.7posure of the oil to air causespolymeri:ation, and some o7idation alsotakes place with the formation ofanisaldehyde and anisic acid.



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Aniseed Oil The chief constituent of aniseedoil is anethole, which is present to the

e7tent of 0! to =! percent and is mainlyresponsible for the characteristic 5aor of

the oil& The oil also contains methylchaicol, p$metho7yphenyl acetone, and

small amount of terpenes and sulfurcontaining compounds of disagreeable

odour&



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6ommon Method of .7traction? $ Steam

@istillation6olor? $ 6lear

Botanical Aame? $ Pimpinella anisum

+romatic @escription?$ @istinctie scentof licorice& 1ich and sweet&

6onstituents? $ a$pinene, camphene, B$pinene, linalool, cis$anethole, trans$anethole, safrole, anisaldehyde,acetoanisole&



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ses of Aniseed $il2 $

In aromatherapy, aniseed essential oil isused to treat colds and 5u&

+niseed oil can be made into a li2uidscent and is used for both hunting and

>shing& It is put on >shing lures toattract >sh&

/il of aniseed is also reported to beused as an aromatic carminatie toreliee 5atulence, and as an ingredient

of cough lo:enges in combination withli2uorice&

.ssential oil is also used e7ternally asan insecticide against small insects suchas head lice, mites and ermin&

+nethole, the principal component ofanise oil, is a precursor that caneentually produce ,-$dimetho7yben:aldehyde which is can be used inthe clandestine synthesis of psychedelicdrugs such as 6$B, 6$I and @/B&



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RE3IREE#TS2 4

Steam enerator (cooper essel)&

1ound bottom 5ask (-!! ml)&

Iron stand&

Tripod stand&

6onical 5ask&

Seperatory funnel&

6ondenser&

lass tubes&

+niseed (saunf)&

Petroleum ether&

Sand bath&



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Burners&

!rocedure2 4

"&Set the apparatus as shown in thepicture of .7perimental Setup& Theapparatus consists of a steam generator

connected to the round bottom 5askthrough a glass inlet tube& The 5ask isconnected to a water condenser througha glass outlet tube& 6ondenser is furtherattached to a receier through an

adaptor&&Take about %-! ml of water in the steamgenerator and start heating to producesteam&



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3&In the round bottom 5ask take about %-gm of crushed saunf&

C& + igorous current of steam from steamgenerator is passed through the roundbottom 5ask&

-&+ part of the steam condenses in theround bottom 5ask& +s more and more

steam is passed, the steam olatilecomponents of saunf pass through thecondenser along with steam& Thesecontents on condensation are collected inthe

receier&

#& The contents in the round bottom 5askmay be heated by a Bunsen burner topreent e7cessie condensation of steam&

%& The process of steam distillation iscontinued for about half an hour&

0& Transfer the distillate to a separatingfunnel and e7tract with ! ml portions ofpetroleum ether 3 times&



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=& 6ombine the petroleum ether e7tractsin a -! ml conical 5ask and dry it withthe help of anhydrous sodium sulphate&

"!& 1emoe the solent from the dried>ltrate by careful distillation in a waterbath& The essential oil is left behind in thedistillation 5ask&

""&*ind the weight of the e7tractedessential oil& Aote the color, odour andweight of the essential oil&



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Experi/ental Setup2



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$5SER6ATI$#S2 4

1*)Saunf (Aniseed)2 4

4eight of Saunf taken D "!! gm

Initial 4eight of the bottle D "!gm(7)

4eight of bottle E essential oil D ""&-

gm(y)

4eight of essential oil e7tracted D(y$7)

D"&- gm

Percentage of essential oil D (yF"!!)

G"!!D"&- H

6olor of the oil D 6olorless

/dour of the oil D Saunf like smell&



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7*) A+,ain (Caru/)2 4

4eight of +jwain taken D %- gm

Initial 4eight of the bottle D "! gm(7)

4eight of bottle E essential oil D ""

gm(y)

4eight of essential oil e7tracted D(y$7)

D" gm

Percentage of essential oil D (yF%-)

G"!!D"&33H

6olor of the oil D 6olorless

/dour of the oil D +jwain like smell&



5I5&I$RA!H8

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anise

MODERN’S abc OF CEM!S"R# $A%

MAN&A$'(!!).

www.indianet*one.co+

www.eba,.co+


http://www.indianetzone.com/

http://www.indianetzone.com/


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