Chapter 8 INITIATIVES FOR ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS … · Indian Orthopaedician Association (IOA)...

93AERB Annual Report - 2018

AERB has the mandate to keep the public informed on radiation and nuclear safety related matters. AERB views public outreach as an essential element to build a long lasting trust and confidence with media and the public, at large. Towards this, AERB maintains its website with all relevant and updated information, issuing press releases on contemporary issues, publishing quarterly newsletters, annual reports / bulletins etc. AERB has stepped up drive to address public concerns and provides information to the public through print and electronic media on various topics of public concern.

8.1 AERB AND MEDIA

AERB issues press releases with an aim to keep members of public informed about its important activities. The press releases are issued in English as well as in Hindi. During the year six press releases on following events were issued.

(i) Signing of MoU between AERB and Government of Andhra Pradesh for establishment of Directorate of Radiation Safety (DRS) in the State of Andhra Pradesh dated January 11, 2018

(ii) ‘Functioning of Directorate of Radiation Safety (DRS) in Kerala’ clarifying the current status of DRS in Kerala dated April 09, 2018

(iii) Bi-lateral arrangement for the exchange of information and co-operation with AERB and ONR of Great Britain dated May 2, 2018

(v) Shutting down the operation of some of the medical diagnostic X-ray machines in different cities in Gujarat by AERB owing to radiation safety Non-compliances on October 29, 2018

(v) Clearing of ‘First Proton Therapy Facility in the Country for Cancer Treatment’ on December 11, 2018; and

(vi) Signing of MoU between‘AERB and Government of Karnataka for establishing Directorate of Radiation Safety (DRS) for medical X-ray facilities’ on December 26, 2018

Detailed press releases are available on AERB website.

8.2 COMMUNICATION AND CONSULTATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS

AERB provides all necessary information to its stakeholders through its website, annual reports, newsletters, press releases/briefings and media interviews. AERB website plays a pivotal role in keeping the public informed on issues related to radiological safety, major regulatory decisions, special technical reports etc.

Information on operating nuclear power plants including, validity of operating licence, regulatory inspections, significant events, radioactive effluent discharges, occupational exposures, rated power capacities of all operating NPPs etc. are provided on AERB’s website and the information is updated on monthly basis.

Chapter 8INITIATIVES FOR ENGAGING

WITH STAKEHOLDERS AND PUBLIC


AERB re-started e-newsletter on quarterly basis which is being uploaded on the website every quarter.

8.3 PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDERS’ AWARENESS PROGRAMMES

AERB had pursued its public outreach activities with an aim to reach out to various stakeholders and bring awareness on the aspects of nuclear, radiation and industrial safety. It also helps in making AERB’s safety oversight and review process more transparent.

8.3.1 Stakeholder Awareness Programmes

There has been an accelerated growth in the application of ionising radiation technologies in the fields of medicine, industry and basic research

in the country. With the increased beneficial use of radiation sources, there is concern about the likelihood of harmful effects of radiation if not properly used. Apart from effective regulatory controls in place, AERB primarily focuses on enhancing awareness on safe use of radiation sources amongst stakeholders. Towards this, AERB routinely conducts awareness programmes for a wide variety of audience with the specific objective of spreading the importance of radiation safety. These include the radiation workers, safety personnel, manufacturers/ suppliers of equipment/ sources, personnel from industry, university faculty and students. Following is the list of awareness programmes conducted by AERB during the period.

Area Topic Target Audience Importance/ additional information

Diagnostic Radiology

Indian Radiological and Imaging Association, Mumbai in February 2018.

Medical practitioners Distributed leaflets on radiation safety information

‘Radiation Safety of Radiographers with specific emphasis on Female Radiographers’Continuous Medical Examination (CME) for female radiographers held in Mumbai on August 19, 2018

Female radiographers of Radiographers Association of Maharashtra (RAM)

To make stakeholders aware of radiation safety and regulatory requirements in diagnostic radiology

National CME on Diagnostic Radiology held at Shirdi, Maharashtra during September 1-2, 2018

Delegates of Radiog-raphers Association of Maharashtra (RAM) conference

To make stakeholders aware of radiation safety and regulatory requirements in diagnostic radiology

‘Applications of Radiation, Medical Management of Radiation Emergency’, organised by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Hospital November 16, 2018

Medical practitioners from Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) and non-DAE units

To make stakeholders aware of application of radiation, medical management, radiation emergency etc.

Indian Orthopaedic Association Conference, Coimbatore, December 1, 2018

Orthopaedicians Awareness about radiation safety and regulatory requirements among the Orthopaedician


Area Topic Target Audience Importance/ additional information

Nucleonic Gauges & Oil Well Logging

Radiation Safety & Regulatory Aspects and usage of e-LORA for Nucleonic Gauges / Well-Logging stakeholders (Manufacturers / Suppliers) on February 15, 2018

Supplier and manufacturer of NG and Oil Well Logging devices/sources.

To sensitise the Manufacturers / Suppliers on their respective roles & responsibilities in respect of safety and security of nucleonic gauge, well-logging devices and sources

Industrial Radiography

‘Safety and Security in Industrial Radiography Practice’ at M/s L&T, Hazira, Gujarat on March 16, 2018

Industrial Radiogra-phers, Site-in-Charges and representatives from Contract Award-ing Parties

Awareness on safety and security in industrial radiography practice

Consumer Products and Scanning Facility

Radiation Safety for Gas Mantle Manufacturer/Supplier on March 20, 2018

Manufacturer/Supplier of Gas Mantles

Awareness about safety requirements during manufacturing and transport of gas mantles. Gas mantles is used in remote locations for illumination where power supply is not available, it contains trace amount of a radioactive material (Thorium Nitrate)

Radiotherapy Radiation safety awareness in Ocular Brachytherapy (OBT) practice on March 21, 2018

Representatives from OBT practicing institutions

To develop an effective safety culture with respect to radiation safety procedures and regulatory requirements for OBT facilities in the country

eLORA system

Awareness program on eLORA System on March 21, 2018

NPCIL officers from different power stations through video conferencing

Familiarisation of eLORA system, emphasys on transport of radioactive material. Online eLORA demonstration was also presented in the program


Brief description on few Awareness Programmes

(i) Radiation Safety and Regulatory Aspects and usage of e-LORA for Nucleonic Gauges / Well-Logging

AERB organised an awareness programme on ‘Radiation Safety and Regulatory Aspects and usage of e-LORA for Nucleonic Gauges(NG) / Well-Logging stakeholders (Manufacturers / Suppliers)’ on February 15, 2018 at AERB, Mumbai. The objective of the programme was to sensitize manufacturers / suppliers on their role and responsibility with regard to regulatory requirements and to comply with it for ensuring safety and security of radioactive sources during its import, transport through public domain, installation at user premises, operation and maintenance and disposal of disused or decayed radioactive sources and also the usage of e-LORA (e-Licensing of Radiation Applications) module for consenting processe. About 40 representatives from manufacturers and suppliers of NG devices attended the programme. Key issues were discussed and participants gave their suggestions / comments during feedback session.

(ii) Radiation Safety requirements among Orthopaedicians

To create awareness about radiation safety and regulatory requirements among the Orthopaedician community who possess X-ray equipment (e.g. radiography unit and C-arm) as part of their daily clinical investigations, AERB coordinated with the

Indian Orthopaedician Association (IOA) to utilise the platform of Indian Orthopaedics Association (IOA) Conference (IOACON-2018) held during November 26 to December 1, 2018 at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu for disseminating the information on radiation safety and regulatory requirements. This conference was attended by Orthopaedicians from all over the country and was an ideal forum to disseminate information on radiation safety and regulatory requirements. A talk on “Radiation Protection and Regulatory Requirements on use of Medical X-ray equipment in Orthopedics” was delivered by AERB officer in the conference.

(iii) Awareness on Security of Radioactive Material for Police Officials ofMaharashtra

In a first-of-a-kind initiative, AERB organised two training-cum-awareness programmes on ‘Security of Radioactive Sources at Radiation Facilities’ for those Police officials in Maharashtra under whose jurisdiction the radiation facilities using high hazard potential radioactive substances (Category-1 sources i.e. radiotherapy facilities using tele-cobalt equipment, gamma chambers and gamma radiation processing plants) are located. The objective of the training programme was to

Awareness Programme on Radiation Safety & Regulatory Aspects for NG and WL


make aware/understand the role of law enforcement agency on security of radioactive material and to brief on endorsement of Security Plan for Category-1 facilities as per AERB Guidelines on Security of Radioactive Material. Audio-Visual clips on security of radioactive material were shown during the training.

One training-cum-awareness programme was organised at Maharashtra Police Academy (MPA), Nashik on December 4, 2018 and another at Police Training Centre (PTC), Marol, on December 05, 2018. About 90 police personnel of the rank of Police Inspectors, Assistant Police Inspectors, Head Constable, Police Constable attended the programme.

8.4 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REGULATORY INTERFACE

AERB organized 2nd National Conference on Regulatory Interface (NCRI) 2018

during December 27 - 28, 2018 at Mumbai to obtain feedback and suggestions from licensees of nuclear facilities and to exchange information on the current regulatory requirements, issues / challenges faced by the licensees in fulfilling the requirements, which would be utilised to improve the regulatory processes. Technical sessions were held on various topics such as:• Overall expectations from Regulatory

Framework• Feedback on various activities of AERB• Atomic Energy (Factories) Rules, 1996• R&D Activities supporting regulatory

decisions• Emergency Planning and Response

NCRI-2018 was attended by around 200 delegates with representation from NPCIL, BHAVINI, Heavy Water Board, UCIL, IREL, and the invited experts in the field.

Training cum awareness programme by AERB for the Law Enforcement Authority at Maharashtra Police Academy (MPA), Nashik

Glimpses of National Conference on Regulatory Interface (NCRI – 2018)


Follow-up of feedback received from stakeholders during the 1st NCRI held in November 2017

The NCRI-2017 had two segments:

(1) Regulatory interface with licensees of NPPs and their vendors, and

(2) Regulatory interface with professional associations, consultants and suppliers of radiation facilities.

Feedbacks and suggestions were received from the stakeholders of Nuclear Power plants, different radiation practices, during NCRI 2017 conducted by AERB. These feedbacks were analysed and necessary actions have been initiated by AERB to harmonise the regulatory requirements, to ease the procedures which will help the end users in regulatory compliances without affecting the nuclear & radiation safety. Some of the issues are cross-cutting among AERB, utilities and their vendors which require, a regular interaction and synergy for the common goal of nuclear safety. The important action items / feedbacks which have been implemented by AERB are brought out below:

1. NPP related Important Feedback & Action taken based on NCRI-2017

There were five technical sessions in segment-1 dealing with (a) Regulatory requirements (b) Consenting process (c) Siting review (d) Quality of nuclear components, and (e) Leadership and management for safety. Few notable feedbacks were; to have technology specific documents to cover LWRs & FBRs, basis of regulatory requirements, guidelines on RIA, liquefaction, extreme external events, developing SRP and consideration of utility proposals for developing/revising REGDOCs etc.

The details of some of the feedback and action taken are as mentioned below:

a) Harmonisation of AERB regulatory documents (REGDOCs) covering all NPP

Designs: Present regulatory documents are available mainly for PHWRs. The feedback was for development of NPP technology specific documents for LWRs and FBRs including the harmonisation of regulatory practices & requirements. Proposals for development of new REGDOCs and revision of existing REGDOCs is in progress to develop technology neutral as well as technology specific documents.

b) Provisions of Atomic Energy (Factories) Rules, 1996: Some provisions of Atomic Energy (Factories) Rules, 1996 need to be revisited especially considering imported reactor designs. This topic was taken up for full-fledged discussion in NCRI-2018. The provisions were identified requiring discussion and ways to address the concerns raised.

c) Guidelines on Radiological Impact Assessment (RIA) for all NPP Designs regulated by AERB: Feedback from licensees of nuclear power plant was given regarding expeditious issuance of guidelines on conduct of Radiological Impact Assessment (RIA). AERB issued RIA guidelines for PHWRs. Further, these guidelines will converted as AERB manual of RIA. Discussion on RIA guidelines for LWRs and FBRs was in progress.

d) Changes in Consenting Process of NPPs: There were feedbacks about revision of AERB Safety Guide on ‘Consenting Process for Nuclear Power Plants’(AERB/SG/G-1) to include the aspects related to early site review, early design review, clarity on main submissions & supporting submissions, optimisation of sub-stages of consenting process. These are being considered while revising AERB/SG/G-1.

e) Inspection by AERB during Manufacturing Stage: There were mixed


views from licensees about involvement of AERB in inspections during manufacturing stage of Safety Critical Equipment. AERB has enhanced its scope to cover vendor inspections. Based on the experience gained, the extent of AERB involvement in off-site manufacturing will be decided.

f) Ensuring Quality of Nuclear Components: AERB recognises the issues associated with quality of nuclear components, such as skill retention with manufacturers, delayed resolution of design modifications among utility & industries vis-a-vis designer involvement during manufacturing, QA challenges in fleet mode of manufacturing. As such, these issues are more in the domain of utility-industry interface. However, AERB may step in cases of safety related issues, as necessary.

g) Infrastructure Expectation from AERB: There were certain infrastructure expectations from AERB viz.

i) Review by various specialist groups through Video conferencing should be implemented. This has been implemented, being used in some cases and is expected to be used extensively.

ii) Number of expert working groups / Task Forces may be optimised. This is implemented for repeat designs of NPPs by having more reliance on In-house review groups of AERB.

iii) There was feedback on building in-house capability in new technology (Imported Reactors). This is a continuous process and systematic approach is already in place to ensure readiness of AERB staff for review of New designs through their interactions during pre-licensing review or by multi-lateral interactions with other countries.

2. Action taken by AERB on Feedback related to Radiation Facilities :

a) As part of the follow-up action requiring inter-ministerial co-ordination, AERB initiated communication with Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO), MoH&FW on resolving the issue of import of Brachytherapy sources for patient treatment, based on the feedback from Brachytherapy Society of India.

b) AERB reviewed stakeholder interface processes of radiation facilities in eLORA which resulted in further improvements in various aspects such as user interface, transmitting the issues/common errors in the applications received by AERB to the end users, facilitating easier communication with AERB officials, reducing the time for application processing etc.

c) Radiation professional qualification related issues have been addressed in the new draft document.

d) Awareness to the contract awarding parties in industrial radiography practice.

e) Establishment of dedicated help desk for ease of contact to AERB officials for regulatory support etc. Help desk was setup in September 2018.

Additionally, post NCRI 2017, some more meetings were conducted with the professional associations to discuss the action initiated by AERB to resolve the issues.

8.5 DAE SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS’ MEET

The 35th DAE Safety & Occupational Health Professionals Meet was jointly organised by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Mumbai and Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata during November 27-29, 2018. Themes


for the Meet were “Leadership and Management for Safety” for industrial safety and “Requirement and Challenges in health management - pre/ during/ post-employment” for occupational health. The meeting was aimed to create awareness among the professionals about leadership for safety and importance of occupational health examinations. About 280 delegates from various DAE units and Aided Institutions attended the meet. During the meet, technical sessions were held on industrial safety & occupational health. The meet provided platform to professionals for interactions and sharing the experience in the areas of industrial safety & occupational health safety. The “Occupational Injury Statistics and Fire Statistics-2017’ for DAE units was released during the meet. The AERB Industrial Safety Awards and Fire Safety Awards for the year 2017 were presented to the winners of the DAE units by Shri S.A. Bhardwaj, Chairman, AERB.

A technical exhibition on industrial and fire safety appliances, public awareness and safety

and regulatory aspects was organised during the meet for the benefit of the participants and to encourage the interaction between industries and DAE units.

8.6 THEME MEETINGS

AERB organises and /or participates in discussion meetings and other professional meets to deliberate on nuclear and radiation safety awareness and the system of regulatory regime followed by AERB and the basis of regulatory decision making process. The details of such events are given below.

(i) Discussion meet on ‘Radiological Impact Assessment and Operational Intervention Levels’

Significant advancement has taken place in the field of Radiological Impact Assessment (RIA) of accidents in NPPs as well as planning for early-phase decision-making during emergencies at NPPs. To consolidate views of stakeholders on adopting methodology for RIA and its utilisation in planning for emergencies, AERB conducted two-day discussion meet on the subject viz. ‘Radiological Impact Assessment and Operational Intervention Levels (OIL) during Emergency Exposure Situation’ at Mumbai, during June 26 & 27, 2018.

The discussion meet involved detailed presentations & talks by experts in the fields of RIA and Emergency Preparedness. About 200 delegates from NPPs, NPCIL-HQ, BHAVINI, BARC, IGCAR and AERB participated in the discussion.

Release of ‘Occupational Injury and Fire Statistics -2017’ during the Meet

Chairman, AERB Visit to Exhibition Stalls


8.7 EXHIBITIONS

AERB participates in conferences, science and technology fairs where it displays exhibits on the safety and regulatory aspects of nuclear and radiation facilities including its safety documents. The exhibits are aimed at giving correct perspective on radiation doses received and provide public, a glimpse of the technical aspects

of regulation. The response to the AERB’s exhibits at these conferences/science fairs was extremely encouraging with visitors of various age groups and students visiting the stalls and getting informed about AERB and its role. During the year, AERB displayed exhibits and interacted with public at following events:

• An exhibition stall and posters explaining radiation protection and regulatory aspects in Industrial Radiography were displayed in conference on ‘Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE)’ organised by Indian Society for Non-Destructive Testing (ISNT) during December 19-21, 2018 at Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. The leaflets on “Radiation Protection in Open Field Industrial Radiography” and “Responsibilities of Contract Awarding Agency (CAA) in Industrial Radiography” were distributed to

Participants of Discussion Meet on RIA and OIL

AERB’s Exhibition stall during NDE-2018 Conference

Inaugural Session of Discussion Meet on RIA and OIL

Dr. A. U. Sonawane, Head, DRA&C delivering the invited talk in NDE-2018 on Regulatory Challenges


the NDE professionals including industrial radiography personnel, representatives of contract awarding agencies, students, faculty members, suppliers & manufacturers of industrial radiography devices attending the conference.

• AERB had set up an exhibition stall at the ‘International Conference on Nuclear Power Generation (ICNPG-2018)’ held at Institution of Engineers at Hyderabad during October 3 - 5, 2018. The safety posters were displayed to spread awareness on the regulatory coverage of nuclear and radiation facilities over their entire life cycle.

• AERB set up an exhibition stall at Indian Science Congress held in Imphal, Manipur during March 15-17, 2018 and displayed exhibits to spread awareness on the radiation safety and regulatory requirements. The theme of the Congress was “Reaching the unreached through Science and Technology.”

AERB’s Exhibition stall in Indian Science Congress, Imphal, Manipur

8.8 SAFETY INFORMATION THROUGH AERB WEBSITE

AERB continued to disseminate safety information through its web-site, which are as follows;(i) Video film on Radiation Safety aspects for

staff working in radiology department(ii) Awareness on proper usages of personnel

monitoring badges(iii) Radiation safety information to Auxiliary

staff of Industrial radiography(iv) Radiation safety awareness posters

Following posters/leaflets have been prepared and uploaded on AERB website:i) Poster on ‘Radiation Safety While Operating

Dental IOPA Equipment’ii) Poster on ‘Proper ways of using TLD badges

(Hindi Version)’iii) Leaflets on ‘Radiation Safety in Open

Field Radiography’ and ‘Responsibilities of Contract Awarding Party in Industrial Radiography’.


Leaflets on Radiation Safety

Government of India

Atomic Energy Regulatory Board

www.aerb.gov.in

Responsibilities of Contract Awarding Agency (CAA) in

Industrial Radiography

“The mission of the AERB is to ensure that use of ionising radiation and nuclear energy

in India does not cause undue risk to the health of people and the environment”

Warning symbols for radiation sourcesWarning symbols for radiation sourcesContract Awarding AgencyContract Awarding Agency

Provide safe and secure storage room Provide safe and secure storage room

Radioactive Source X-Rays

Contact Awarding Agency is the person/institution awarding contract to radiography agencies for carrying out

radiography work.

Radiation surveillance shall be required at a site where radiography work is carried out. The organisation awarding contract to an

industrial radiography institution to conduct industrial radiography operations shall co-

ordinate with radiography agencies.

Safe and secure storage room with round the clock effective physical security arrangements for storing radiography devices, emergency accessories and

other associated equipment


Issued by:

Directorate of Regulatory Affairs & Communications

Atomic Energy Regulatory Board

Niyamak Bhavan, Anushaktinagar

Mumbai – 400 094

Ph: 022-2599 0609 Fax: 022-2556 2344

AERB website: www.aerb.gov.in

Responsibility of Radiography Contract Awarding Agency (CAA)

Responsibility of Radiography Contract Awarding Agency (CAA)

Ensure that whenever authorised representatives of AERB visits the radiography site under the control of the CAA to conduct a regulatory inspection, cooperate with them to facilitate entry for conducting regulatory inspection.

Provide safe and secure storage room as approved by AERB with round the clock effective physical security arrangements for storing radiography devices, emergency accessories and other associated equipment.

Permit only the radiography agency that is duly authorized by AERB to work at the particular site of contractor.

Ascertain that radiography personnel avail TLD badge during radiography work.

Ensure that radiography personnel deployed by the radiography agency for carrying out radiography work have valid certicates to work as radiographers & RSO and radiation survey meter, cordon-off tapes, protective accessories, collimator, etc.

Provide adequate illumination, scaffolding and other facilities required to facilitate safe radiography work by radiography agency.

Ensure that the radiography agency has emergency plans, preparedness and contact nos. in case of emergency/incidents involving radiography devices. The contact nos. shall also include contact no. of concerned person of CAA. Ensure display of emergency contact nos. on storage room/dark room/radiography area at the premises of CAA.

Ensure that any other measures required to ensure safety and security of radiography sources handled within the premises of radiography site.

Ensure that full support is extended to the radiography agency in establishing security plan including contact nos. of concerned persons of CAA and other requirements necessary to ensure physical security of gamma emitting radiography devices.

Assist radiography agency in ensuring safe recovery of radiography source(s), in case of theft/loss/ misplacement of gamma emitting radiography device.


Warning symbols for radiation sourcesWarning symbols for radiation sourcesAlways use TLD badgeAlways use TLD badge

Radiation dose limits set by AERB for radiation workers

Radiation dose limits set by AERB for radiation workers

Issued by:

Directorate of Regulatory Affairs & CommunicationsAtomic Energy Regulatory BoardNiyamak Bhavan, Anushaktinagar

Mumbai – 400 094Ph: 022-2599 0609 Fax: 022-2556 2344

AERB website: www.aerb.gov.in

Effective dose:30 mSv in any year;20 mSv/year averaged over ve consecutive years.

Annual equivalent dose in the:Hands and feet: 500 mSvSkin: 500 mSvLens of the eye: 150 mSV


TLD badge is a radiation dose measuring device. This enable us to know whether we are working within the safe dose limits prescribed by AERB

After work, keep TLD badge at a common place identied/ advised by RSO which is away from radiation area. Do not forget TLD badge in the eld.

Always wear your own TLD badge of current period at your chest level.

Government of India

Atomic Energy Regulatory BoardRadiation Protection in Open Field Industrial Radiography

www.aerb.gov.in

“The mission of the AERB is to ensure that use of ionising radiation and nuclear energy

in India does not cause undue risk to the health of people and the environment”

Ensure following for radiological safetyEnsure following for radiological safety

Ø Always carry out open eld/shop oor radiography work where & when it is of low occupancy (e.g. Late night time, lunch time, holidays, etc.) with due intimation to concern person of contract awarding agency.

Ø Always ensure that radiography device is operated by certied radiographer under the guidance of Radiological Safety Ofcer (RSO).

Ø Never allow helper/other auxiliary staff to operate the radiography device & keep them away from radiation area.

Ø TLD badges should be worn by all radiation workers.

Ø Use working & calibrated survey meter appropriately at radiography site.

Ø Do not allow simultaneous operation of two or more radiography devices in same cordon off place.

Ø Ensure proper illumination of radiography place. Adequately cordon-off the area of open eld / shop oor radiography.

Ø Ensure to hang radiation warning signs on cordon-off tapes.

Ø Ensure to provide warning light around the cordoned area during radiation exposure.

Ø Ensure availability of emergency handling tools viz. remote handling tongs, emergency source storage container & lead sheets/shoots at the site.

Ø During set-up, extend adequately the drive cable and the guide tube of the gamma exposure device and the electrical cable of the X-ray machine to ensure optimised i.e. minimum exposure.

Ø Expose the source for radiography work by using proper collimator.

Ø Do not allow any person to enter the cordoned area. The cordoned area should be under observation of RSO/ Radiographer through out the exposure.

Ø On completion of radiation work or during long waiting time, ensure that radiography device is securely stored at site or moved back to authorised storage room.

Radiation Protection in Open Field Industrial RadiographyRadiation Protection in Open Field Industrial Radiography

In case of any incident involving radiation source/device, inform Employer/RSO immediately.In case of any incident involving radiation source/device, inform Employer/RSO immediately.

Leaflets on Radiation Safety


8.9 ADVERTISEMENT AND ARTICLES

AERB publishes advertisements in print media once every six months in order to sensitise the users on requirements of obtaining regulatory consent from AERB for use of medical X-ray equipment as well as for users of radioactive sources or radiation generating equipment.

AERB has broadcast safety and regulatory requirements of X-ray facilities, as Radio Jingle in FM stations of major cities through BOC (erstwhile DAVP). AERB has issued an advertisement on regulatory requirements for handling of ionising radiation sources published in major newspapers on October 27, 2018. AERB

Do You Have Ionising Radiation Source? (i.e. X-ray machines and radioactivesources used in medicine, industry, research and otherbeneficial applications)

If Yes, have you obtained Licence

from AERB?

For detailed information, visit AERB website www.aerb.gov.in

It is a statutory requirement to obtain Licence from Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) for

possession and use of ionising radiation source(s).

To avoid undue risk arising from the use of ionising radiation, ensure the following:

Install only AERB type-approved equipment

emitting ionising radiation

Must have a valid Licenceissued by AERB from

radiological safety view point

Comply with the terms & conditions of AERB Licence

Ensure safety andsecurity of radiation sources at all times

Ensure disposal of disused radiation sources

with prior approval of AERB.

Ionising radiation sources found to be in possession/operation without a valid Licence from AERB can

be SEIZED or SEALED without further notice and owner of source is liable for legal prosecution.

Directorate of Regulatory Affairs & CommunicationsAtomic Energy Regulatory BoardNiyamak Bhavan, AnushaktinagarMumbai – 400094

Issued by:

Obtaining Licence from AERB is easy through AERB’s web based system eLORA (e-Licensing of Radiation

Applications). No Licence fee as of now !

AERB’s Newspaper Advertisement on regulatory requirements for handling of ionising radiation sources


has also published advertisements in Scientific Journals/Technical magazines & Newsletters such as Health Care Radius, ALARA magazine, Express HealthCare.

8.10 TECHNICAL INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER AGENCIES

AERB believes in sharing its technical expertise with various Government Bodies, Universities etc. AERB officers are actively participating in preparation and revision of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) documents, Site Appraisal Committee of Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF), Working Groups on Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Plans constituted by National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) etc. AERB encourages its technical divisions in providing project guidance to undergraduates and post graduate students from various Universities/Colleges.

8.10.1 Interactions with Concerned Ministries on issues related to Radiation Safety

AERB is associated with various agencies in the process of ensuring radiation safety in medical radiation facilities and industries handling radiation sources. AERB is routinely interacting with various ministries for resolution of generic issues related to radiation safety due to handling of radiation sources for various applications. Towards this, AERB has interacted with concerned ministries including:

(i) Central Drugs Standards Control Organisation (CDSCO), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW)

Government of India has promulgated the Medical Devices Rules 2017 (MDR-2017). In view of these rules, it was decided that mutual co-ordination will be initiated between AERB-CDSCO before issuing notification for medical devices emitting ionising radiation issued under MDR-2017. AERB also participated in the 3rd Annual Medical Device Regulatory and Quality

Summit 2018, in New Delhi. In the summit, interaction was done with various agencies including Manufacturers, Suppliers, BIS and CDSCO, towards regulation of medical devices, in a manner that fulfils the mandate of the respective regulatory bodies.

(ii) Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry

AERB continued interactions with DGFT in matters connected with pre-shipment inspection policy and radiation safety implications on the import of X-ray generating equipment and X-ray tubes. Subsequently, DGFT issued a notification dated April 6, 2018 under its EXIM Code 9022 of Chapter 90 of ITC (HS), 2017, Schedule-1 (Import Policy) on the requirement of regulatory clearance under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, for import of X-ray generating equipment and tubes used in X-ray equipment, which were earlier under the FREE category.

(iii) Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)

Transport of radioactive material in India is governed by the AERB safety code on ‘Safe Transport of radioactive material’ which is based on the IAEA regulations. The IAEA document confers the responsibility on the state to coordinate internationally and nationally for effective regulations during transport of radioactive material. During the review of the above code it was noted that Regulations for transport of radioactive material involves multiple agencies with respect to different modes of transport. Accordingly, these agencies/authorities for various mode of transport along with their roles and responsibilities were identified.

In the first phase, review of transport regulations by air was undertaken and it was realised that Directorate General of Civil Aviation


(DGCA) has a clear mandate w.r.t transport of radioactive material by air including in-transit storage. This was further taken up for deliberations in a joint review by AERB and DGCA to establish roles and responsibilities of DGCA and AERB. Based on the review it was concluded that DGCA is the competent authority in India with absolute jurisdictions to regulate the safe transport of all kind of dangerous goods including radioactive material by air to, from, within or over India including in-transit storage at the airports, whereas role of AERB is limited to issuance of shipment approval and to grant import and export permission for radioactive consignments. This conclusion by Joint Task Force was formally accepted by AERB and DGCA.

(iv) National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)

In the past, AERB had accredited/recognised several radiological laboratories associated with calibration of radiation monitoring instruments, radio-analytical measurements, environmental survey and bio-dosimetry. During the review of the existing procedure for accreditation/recognition by AERB, it was felt that the responsibility of accreditation/recognition of these labs should be transferred to National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), which is a part of their mandate.

In view of the above, meeting with NABL and BARC was organised. Based on the deliberations with NABL and BARC, it was realised that NABL, being a constituent Board of Quality Council of India has clear mandate to accredit radiological laboratories for calibration and testing purposes. Moreover, they are signatory to Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC), Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA) and International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) Arrangement. Not only NABL has a robust method of accreditation of laboratories but also they carry out periodic audit of the accredited

laboratories in a planned manner for Conformity Assessment. Therefore, it was proposed that AERB should discontinue issuance of accreditation/recognition in a phased manner to facilitate seamless transfer of the activities to NABL and restrict its role to oversee radiological safety in such laboratories like other radiation facilities and issuance of licence to laboratories for operation of radiation sources from radiological safety stand point. The arrangement between NABL and AERB was formally accepted on October 9, 2018.

(v) Arrangements with State Level Directorate of Radiation Safety (DRS)

AERB signed Memorandum of Understandings with Government of Andhra Pradesh on January 5, 2018 and Government of Karnataka on December 20, 2018 for setting up the Directorate of Radiation Safety (DRS) for carrying out inspections of medical X-ray installations in the state (e.g. general radiography, dental x-ray machine, fluoroscopy, Cathlab, CT equipment) as well as to spread awareness on radiation protection & applicable regulations by organising training and awareness programmes.

The existing authorisation to DRS, Tripura was also renewed for the next five year period. DRS, Kerala is now not functioning owing to non-renewal of the authorisation.

The identified staff of DRS, Andhra Pradesh were imparted training by AERB during June 25-26, 2018 and after assessing their readiness, AERB authorised Director, DRS, Andhra Pradesh to carry out inspections of medical X-ray installations.

8.10.2 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

AERB had a meeting with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) to discuss the implementation of IS-13450 standards in respect of Medical Diagnostic X-ray equipment. It was discussed that until BIS notifies the laboratories for ensuring compliance with IS-13450, AERB will support BIS


AERB signed MoU with Govt. of Andhra Pradesh in presence of Honourable State Chief Minister,

Shri Chandrababu Naidu

DRS Andhra Pradesh officers along with AERB officers during training

Exchange of MoU for formation of DRS between, Officials of AERB and Government of Karnataka

for compliance of these standards w.r.t radiological parameters.

8.10.3 Interaction with Law Enforcement Agencies

In order to train and make aware the law enforcement authorities on security aspects of radioactive sources, AERB in consultation with IG (Security), DAE has brought out a training booklet on ‘Security of Radioactive Material’ for police personnel. This training information would be an integral part of the curriculum of the Disaster Management Module of the Maharashtra Academy of Police, Nashik.

8.10.4 Arrangements for Technical Support with Anna University

AERB renewed the Memorandum of Authorisation with Anna University to promote

and develop cooperation and synergy in promoting mutually beneficial regulatory research related to regulatory aspects of nuclear facilities. SRI, AERB Kalpakkam is coordinating the research activities under this MoU.

8.10.5 Interaction with different agencies for Disposal of Category-1 Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources (DSRS)

Radioactive sources with activities ranging from few kBq to hundreds of PBq are being used for various applications in medicine, industry and research facilities in the Country. There are several disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS) in possession of various institutes located all over country which needs to be safely and properly disposed of. Typically category-1 sources are used in radio-therapy in hospitals, radiation processing


of food and health care products and in Gamma Irradiation Chambers for research studies. There are hospitals / institutes which are not using these sources for many years and were lying in a disused state. Such sources are required to be disposed of at the earliest in line with AERB requirements as they may pose safety and security threat to the people and environment. These DSRS were not being disposed of as required, citing reasons such as insufficient financial resources, non-availability of certified manpower and inadequate infrastructure.

To address the issue of disposal of DSRS, AERB initiated a joint meeting with the concerned agencies for establishing an action plan to expedite disposal of these sources. The financial support from the Government for disposal of DSRS is also being extended on a case-by-case basis with proper justification.

8.10.6 Project Guidance

Every year many students from several academic institutions like IITs, BITS and other universities get an opportunity to work with AERB on emerging R&D topics related to safety as part of their academic curriculum. Technical divisions of AERB provided project guidance to undergraduate engineering students as well as M. Tech students. AERB officers provided guidance on the following projects.

(i) Guidance Provided by NSAD, AERB

Guidance provided to six students from BITS Pilani on following projects,

• Development of Computer Code For Simulation of Accumulator

• Development of Metal-Water Reaction and Liquefaction Model

• Probabilistic Safety Assessment: A Case Study on Component Ageing Effects

• Development of One Dimensional Thermal Hydraulic Computer Code for Simulation of Coupled Natural Circulation Loop

• Development of One Dimensional Thermal Hydraulic Computer Code For Simulation of Forced Circulation Loop

• Development of Valve Model for Reactor Safety Analysis Code.

Guidance was also provided to one student from HBNI on the project titled, ‘Modelling of Calandria Spray System for Boiling Regime’

(ii) Guidance Provided by NPSD, AERB

Guidance provided to two students from BITS Pilani on following projects,

• Numerical analysis of pile raft foundation using Finite element method

• Sensitivity Analysis of Soil Parameters for Numerical Simulation of Plate Load Test.

Chapter 8 INITIATIVES FOR ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS … · Indian Orthopaedician Association (IOA)...

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