MUSCLES AND JOINTS

Chapter 7

Q/A Review

The human body contains _________ types of muscles.

Three

___________ muscles work in pairs, created coordinated movements through opposing actions of contraction and relaxation.

skeletal

These involuntary muscles are found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes within the body.

smooth

Highly specialized, involuntary muscle fibers found only in the heart.

Cardiac muscle

Thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue which penetrate and cover skeletal muscles.

fascia

The place where two bones meet.

Articulation (joint)

The point of attachment of the muscles to the bone that is less movable.

origin

The point of attachment of the muscle to the bone it moves.

insertion

Strong fibrous band of tissue that attached the bone to the muscle.

tendon

Means “without development” when defined by the word parts. Also means “wasting away”

Atrophy

Another word that means “joint” is:

articulation

Fibrous joint between the skull bones.

suture

Word element that means “stiff”

Ankly/o

Means “embryonic stage of development.

-blast, blast/o

A group of genetically transmitted disorders characterized by progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscles

Muscular dystrophy

A chronic, progressive disease affecting the skeletal muscles characterized by atrophy.

polymyositis

A straightening motion.

extension

Movement of a bone toward the midline of the body.

adduction

Turning of a bone on its own axis.

rotation

Movement of an extremity around in a circular motion.

circumduction

An acute form of arthritis that involves inflammation of the first metatarsal joint of the big toe.

gout

A type of arthritis that affects the vertebral column and causes deformities of the spine.

Ankylosing spondylitis

Degenerative joint disease; most common form of arthritis.

osteoarthritis

Chronic, inflammatory disease that most commonly affects the joints of the hands/feet.

Rheumatoid arthritis

PRONUNCIATION PRACTICEAtrophyFasciaVisceralDystrophyElectromyographyFibrousCartilaginousSynovialFlexionsupination

PronationCircumductionPlantar flexionRotationAbductionAdductionArthralgiaArticulationArthr/oArticul/o