CHAPTER 6

The Persian Connection: Its

Impact and Influences,

2,000 B.C.E. - 637 C.E.

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1. The Persian Empire

A. Geographic Challenges Confront the First Persians1. The Iranian plateau and the Central Asian steppes2. Medes and Persians3. Assyrian conquest, Assyrian defeat

B. Cyrus the Great1. Persian ascendancy and expansion2. Assimilation after conquest

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2. Persian Governance and Society: Links with Mesopotamia

A. From Cyrus to Darius1. Darius claims the throne2. Expansion under Darius

B. Administration of the Empire1. Darius’s style of government2. Policies

C. Mesopotamian Influences: Law, Administration, and Commerce

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2. Persian Governance and Society: Links with Mesopotamia (cont’d)

D. Persian Society and Culture1. Social structure2. The place of women in Persian society3. Persian culture

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3. Zoroastrianism

A. A Religion of Good and Evil1. Zoroaster (Zarathustra) and monotheism2. Priests and temples3. Influence

B. Social and Political Content1. The importance of action2. Royal support

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4. Confrontation with Greece

A. The Ionian Revolt and the Persian Response1. The revolt2. Defeat and its consequences

B. Xerxes and the Invasion of GreeceC. StalemateD. Persian Resurgence

1. The Peloponnesian War

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5. The Macedonian Conquest and Its Successor States

A. The End of the Persian Empire1. Rising Macedon2. Alexander the Great

B. Persia Under Macedonian Rule1. The fall of Alexander’s empire

C. The Parthian Empire1. Commerce and connections

D. The Sasanian Empire1. Sasanian expansion2. Sasanian rule3. Decline and fall

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