Chapter 6 Notes part III
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Transcript of Chapter 6 Notes part III
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Chapter 6 Notes part III
Covalent Compounds
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Covalent (Molecular) Compounds
So far, we have only talked about ionic compounds; compounds made of a metal and nonmetal.
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Covalent (Molecular) Compounds
A covalent compound forms between two nonmetals.
These compounds occur because the nonmetals will share electrons to have a full last energy level.
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Covalent (Molecular) Compounds
Since electrons are not lost or gained, the atoms are not considered ions, so they do not have a charge.
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Naming Covalents
Because covalent compounds aren’t made of ions, you can’t use the oxidation number to predict how many atoms of each element are going to be in a covalent compound.
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Naming Covalents
mono- one hexa- sixdi- two hepta- seventri- three octa- eighttetra- four nona- ninepenta- five deca- ten
The following prefixes will be used.
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Naming Covalents
1)Name the first element in the compound, and use a prefix if there is more than one of the element.
EX: CO2
EX: CO
carbon
carbon
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Naming Covalents
2)Name the second element, end in –ide, and put a prefix at the beginning even if there is only one.
EX: CO
EX: CO
carbon
carbon
oxide
oxide
2di
“understood one”1 mon
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Naming Covalents
EX:
N O2 5
nitrogen oxideDi pent
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Name These:
•SO2
•NO•Cl2S•BCl3
•P2S7
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen monoxide
Dichlorine monosulfide
Boron trichloride
Diphosphorus pentasulfide
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Writing Molecular Formulas
1) Write the symbol for the 1st element and use the prefix to determine the subscript.
EX:nitrogenDi sulfidepentanitrogen sulfideDi
N2
sulfidepenta
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Writing Molecular Formulas
2) Write the symbol for the 2nd element and use the prefix to determine the subscript.
EX:nitrogenDi sulfidepentanitrogen sulfideDi
N2
sulfidepenta
S5
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Name These:
•Carbon tetrachloride•Dinitrogen heptoxide•Carbon monoxide•Dichlorine monoxide•Trisilicon decaoxide
SO2
N2O7
COCl2OSi3O10