Chapter 6-7 Why are all the black kids (final)(2) · Chapter 6-7 Why are all the black kids...
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The Development of White Identity
Transcript of Chapter 6-7 Why are all the black kids (final)(2) · Chapter 6-7 Why are all the black kids...
The Development of White Identity
White Iden*ty in General Terms White viewed as the “norm” of society. Difference between how whites view racial identity & how blacks view racial identity?
In a race-‐conscious society, what are the tasks for white people in order to develop a healthy sense of White identity? (pg 94).
Abandoning Racism Contact = 1st stage
pay little attention to the significance of their racial identity.
“I was taught to recognize racism only in individual acts of meanness by members of my group, never in invisible systems conferring unsought racial dominance on my group from birth” (95) – Peggy McIntosh
Disintegration = 2nd stage -‐ A growing awareness of racism and White privilege as a result of personal encounters in which the social significance of race is made visible” (96) -‐ racism in terms of white advantage and opportunity. (learned superiority)
-‐ Feelings after disintegration stage?
Reintegration = 3rd stage -‐ previous feelings of guilt or denial may be transformed into fear and anger directed toward the people of color (101) -‐ logic: cause and effect (must have been a reason for racism to begin with) -‐ Intension of stage 3?
But I’m an Individual! Whites are viewed with group suspicion by people of color rather than as an individual.
Comparison of white, male manager Whites get caught up in their defense of the racial status quo
Defining a Posi*ve White Iden*ty Pseudo-‐independent = 4th stage -‐ “goes through an intellectual understanding of racism as a system of advantage, but doesn’t quite know what to do about it” (106) -‐ Realization but no action. -‐ In what way does the success of this stage rely upon the success of racial identity development with the people of color? (107)
Immersion/emersion = 5th stage -‐ The need to find amore positive self-‐definition of being White. -‐ View whiteness as a positive attribute rather than feeling guilt or shame. -‐ “Redefinition”
Black : Victim as White: ___?_____(108)
The Search for White Allies and the Restora*on of Hope Allies need Allies -‐ There is a need for others to support individual efforts to “swim against the cultural and institutional racism” -‐ Difference in cross-‐racial dialogue & and homogenous support groups? (111)
Autonomy = 6th stage -‐ “a person incorporates the newly defined view of Whiteness as part of a personal identity” (112) -‐ AKA = “racial self-‐actualization” -‐ Major difference between stage 6 and the other stages? (112)
Chapter 7 • Do you believe that the definition of affirmative action Tatum provided us with is accurate? “Consequently, affirmative action can be defines as
attempts to make progress toward actual, rather than hypothetical, equality of opportunity for those groups which are currently under-‐represented in significant positions in society by explicitly taking into account the defining characteristics-‐sex or race, for example-‐tat have been the basis for discrimination.” (117)
Chapter 7 Difference between process-‐oriented programs and goal-‐oriented programs Process-‐oriented programs focus mainly on equality and a fair process of elimination is used
Goal-‐oriented programs focus mainly on achieving their diversity goals, applicants are favored
Chapter 7 Aversive Racism:
“An attitudinal adaption resulting from an assimilation of an egalitarian value system with prejudice and with racist beliefs.” (118)
“In the eyes of the aversive racists, Blacks are not worse, but Whites are better.” (119)
Chapter 7 Page 124:
When an affirmative action program is working properly it does not lead to “reverse discrimination” and nobody is hired for the job that is un-‐qualified
Chapter 7: Discussion ques*ons Do you believe that same goal of diversity, that is found in the college admission process, should be incorporated within business’s when they are accepting applicants for new employees?
On page 128 Tatum suggests that goal-‐oriented affirmative action is one way to “achieve a more just society in the present context of institutional and cultural racism,” but in your opinion what are other way to achieve this goal?
