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Chapter 5 – Skeletal System

BIO 105

Skeletal System components

Functions of the skeleton

1. Support

2. Movement

3. Protection

4. Storage of minerals

5. Fat storage

6. Blood cell production (hemopoiesis or

hematopoiesis)

Bone tissue

Compact bone:

Spongy bone:

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Cell types

• Osteoblasts

• Osteocytes

• Osteoclasts

Structure of Long Bones

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Fracture repair

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Bone remodeling continues throughout life

Osteoblast vs. osteoclast activity

Bone deposition + bone resorption

Osteoporosis

Ca2+ levels within bone under hormonal control

Regulation of bone growth

Divisions of the human skeleton

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Appendicular Skeleton What bones make up the pelvis?

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Appendicular SkeletonJoints

Joint = a place where bones meet

Fibrous joints – bones held together by fibrous connective tissue

Joints

Cartilaginous joints – bones connected by cartilage

- pubic symphysis

- between vertebrae

Joints

Synovial joints – joints that are freely

movable

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synovial joint.Quadricepstendon

Femur

Fibula

Tibia

Posterior cruciateligament

Anterior cruciateligament

Medial collateralligament

Patellar ligament

Patella(kneecap)

(b) Ligaments hold bones together, support the joint, and direct the movement of the bones.

Lateralcollateral

ligament