Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
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Transcript of Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
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Chapter Five RomanEmpire
600 B.C. A.D. 500
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Welcome to Ancient Rome: Video
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The Roman
Empire
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All roads
lead to Rome
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Building Roman Roads slaves at work.
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United by
Great Roadsystem
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Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.
large flat stones concretegravel and sand
http://opt/scribd/conversion/tmp/scratch3/fscstart%20/gwh%20/3%20101 -
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Introduced standard coinage
throughout the Empire
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Enforced
standardweights and
measurementsthroughout
theEmpire
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Italy is a peninsula about 750miles long
Apennine (A PUN NAY)
Mountains run down the
center
Not rugged like in Greece,provides Good Farming
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The Land and Peoples of ItalyThe Land and Peoples of Italy
3 important fertile plains ideal forfarming are along the Po Riveralong the Po River;the plain of Latiumthe plain of Latium, where Rome
is located; and theplain ofplain ofCampaniaCampania, south of Latium.
farmland allowed it to support alarge population.
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Etruscans
Greeks
Carthaginians
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Daily Life in Ancient Rome
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The Impact of Geography
Rome located 18 milesinland on the Tiber River
Easy access to the sea butsafe from pirates
Built on 7 hills
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The Impact of Geography
Italian peninsula was anatural stopping point for
trade & travelCenter of Mediterranean
Travel
Turn to page 149, Voices from the Past
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Romans:Romans:
For all their war, not one puts on a crown,but instead builds a senate where they
consider the best for all people.
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e omane omanRepublicRepublicEarly Rome ruled by kings, some
Etruscan
509 B.C. overthrew the last
Etruscan kingRepublic a form ofgovernment in which the leaderis not a monarch & certaincitizens have the right to vote
R V l &Roman Val es &
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Roman Values &Roman Values &
VirtuesVirtues
3 virtues:
duty, courage & discipline
LivyRoman historianwrote ofCincinnatus
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W y Rome Wasy ome as
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W y Rome Wasy ome asSuccessful?Successful?
1. Good diplomats2. Extending Romancitizenship & allowing states
to run internal affairs
3. Skilled persistent soldiers &
brilliant strategists
Wh R WWh R W
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Why Rome WasWhy Rome Was
Successful?Successful?4. Built towns connectedby roads
5. Soldiers were deployed
quickly6. Law & politics: Romanwere practical &
created institutions thatresponded to problems
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Roman Soldiers!
Th Bi h f R
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The Birth of Rome
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VIDEO:
Building an EmpireBuilding an Empire
Size, Culture, Customs, Pompeii,Technology, Religion, Laws, War
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The Government ofThe Government of
RomeRomeTwo groups:1. Patricians great landowners,
who became Romes ruling class
2. Plebeians landholders,craftspeople, merchants & small
farmers*Only patricians elected to public
office
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Patriciancarrying
busts of hisancestors
in a parade
e overnmen oe overnmen o
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e overnmen oe overnmen oRomeRome
Chief executive officersConsuls (2) ran the
government & led theRoman army into battle
Praetors in charge ofcivil law
e overnmen oe overnmen o
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e overnmen oe overnmen oRomeRome
Senate, about 300patricians served for life
Centuriate assembly,elected consuls & praetors
& passed lawsOrganized by classes based
on wealth
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Roman LawRoman Law
First code of law:Twelve TablesTwelve Tables
Law of Nations : Issues ofRoman and Non-Romancitizenship
Standards of justice applied toall people equally & used
principles recognized today
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Law of NationsLaw of Nations
Innocent until provenotherwise
The accused has a right toa defense before a judge
Judges should decidecases based on evidence
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Punic Wars Rome Becomes PowerfulPunic Wars Rome Becomes Powerful
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
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Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
Rome faced a strong power inthe MediterraneanCarthage.
Founded by the Phoenicians around 800 B.C. on
the coast of North Africa, Carthage had a largetrading empire in the western Mediterranean.
The presence of Carthaginians in Sicily worried
the Romans. The two groups began a long struggle in 264
B.C. for control of the Mediterranean area.
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Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
The First Punic War Romans realized that to win the war
they needed a large navy, which they
built. Rome defeated Carthages navy, and
in 241 B.C. Carthage gave up its rightsto Sicily and paid money to Rome.
Sicily became Romes first province.
Video: 1st Punic War
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Video: 1 Punic War
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1st Punic
War Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
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Carthage wanted revenge.
Hannibal, the greatest Carthaginiangeneral, began the Second Punic War,which lasted from 218 to 201 B.C.
To take the war to Rome, Hannibalentered Spain, moved east, and thencrossed the Alps with a large army,including a large number of horses and37 battle elephants.
Many soldiers and animals died during thecrossing, but Rome was still under a real threat.
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
Vid H ib l R
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Video: Hannibals Revenge
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Video: 2nd Punic War
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Video: 2 Punic War
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
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At the Battle of Cannae, Rome lost
40 thousand men. In response, Rome raised another army. Meanwhile, Hannibal roamed throughout Italy
but could not successfully attack the majorcities. In a brilliant move, Rome attacked Carthage,
forcing the recall of Hannibal. At the Battle of Zama, Rome crushed
Hannibals forces. Spain became a Roman province, and Rome
controlled the western Mediterranean.
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
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Hannibal
Th D f f H ib l h B lTh D f t f H ib l t th B ttl
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The Defeat of Hannibal at the BattleThe Defeat of Hannibal at the Battle
of Zamaof Zama
Video: Battle of Zama
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Video: Battle of Zama
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
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50 years later, the Romans fought
the Third Punic War. In 146 B.C., Roman soldiers sacked
Carthage. 50 thousand men, women, and
children were sold into slavery. The territory of Carthage became a
Roman province called Africa.
o e Co que s t e ed te a ea(cont.)
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Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
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Hannibal famously crossed the Alps withelephants to be used in battle. Few of themsurvived the trip, but some did. What do you thinkthe reaction was of the Roman soldiers toelephants in battle?
q(cont.)
The few elephants that survived terrified the
Romans, as one could imagine on beingfaced with a charging elephant. Who knowshow history would have been different if all
of Hannibals elephants had survived?
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Ruins ofCarthage
Romes new
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Romes newempire