Chapter 5: Muscular system - KOCWelearning.kocw.net/contents4/document/lec/2013/Uiduk/... ·...
Transcript of Chapter 5: Muscular system - KOCWelearning.kocw.net/contents4/document/lec/2013/Uiduk/... ·...
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Chapter 5: Muscular system
Physical Therapy, Uiduk Univ. Ph,D. Park Sang Young
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1. 근육의 종류 classification of muscle
가로무늬근육Striated muscle
뼈대근육Skeletal muscle
민무늬근Smooth muscle
심장근육Cardiac muscle
내장근육Vesceral muscle
맘대로근voluntary m.
제대로근involuntary m.
운동신경
자율신경
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1. 근육의 종류 classification of muscle
근막 fascia
: 근육을 싸는 섬유결합조직
1) 피부밑 근막 subcutaneous fascia
: 피부와 근육사이 존재, 많은 근육들을 같이 싸는 근막
2) 깊은 근막: 근육바깥막과 밀착되어 근육을 받치는 근막
3) 근육 사이막: 피부밑근막과 뼈 사이, 다른 근육들을 경계
근육바깥막 epimysium
근육다발막 perimysium
근육섬유막 endomysium
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1. 뼈대근육 뼈 근육
• 관절을 넘어 뼈, 근육, 피부와 연결
• 힘줄 tendon, 널힘줄 aponeurosis
• 이는곳 orgin
• 닿는곳 insertion
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Epimysium(근육바깥막) – perimusium(근육다발막) – endomysium(근육섬유막)
m. Fasciculus (근육다발)
m. fiber (근육섬유; cell) – sarcolemma (근육속막: 전기적절연체)
Myofibril (근육원섬유) + sarcoplasm (근육세포질)
myofilament (근육잔섬유) – 1 m. fiber에 100만개 myofilament
myosin filament
actin filament
myosin protein
actintroponintropomyosin
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근육의 현미경적 해부
굵은 근육잔섬유 Myosin
가는 근육잔섬유 Actin
I-band: 밝은 띠(actin만 존재)
A-band: 어두운 띠(myosin, actin 같이 존재)
H-zone: A band 중앙부로 myosin만 존재
M-line: H zone의 중앙
Z-line: 근육운섬유의 경계
Z-line ~ Z-line: 근육원섬유마디 sarcomere
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근육의 현미경적 해부
근육세포질그물 sarcoplasmic reticulum, SR
가로세관 T tubule
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뼈대근육의 작용
주작용근 agonist, primary mover
고정근 fixator
협동근 synergist
항근 antagonist
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뼈대근육의 명칭
모양에 따라
deltoid 어깨세모근, trapezius 등세모근, teres 원근, rhomboid 마름근
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뼈대근육의 명칭
작용에 따라
flexor 굽힘근
extensor 폄근
adductor 모음근
abductor 벌림근
pronator 엎침근
supinator 뒤침근
rotator 돌림근
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뼈대근육의 명칭
근육 이는 곳의 수에 따라
biceps 두갈래근
triceps 세갈래근
quadriceps 네갈래근
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뼈대근육의 명칭
근육 크기에 따라
maximus(큰), medius(중간), minimus(작은)
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뼈대근육의 명칭
근육 크기에 따라
longus(긴), brevis(짧은)
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근육 운동의 보조장치
근막 fascia: 근육의 위치 유지
윤활주머니 synovial bursa: 근육과 주변 조직사이의 마찰 방지
종자뼈 sesamoid bone: 역학적 이득