CHAPTER 4 SECTION 3CHAPTER 4 SECTION 3

NATURAL RESOURCESNATURAL RESOURCES

SUSTAINING SOIL RESOURCESSUSTAINING SOIL RESOURCES Soil Exhausting-Soil Exhausting- Soil becomes Soil becomes

useless for farming because of useless for farming because of overuse (Nutrient Loss) overuse (Nutrient Loss)

Soil Salinization can become a Soil Salinization can become a problemproblem

Positive Methods To Stop This Include Positive Methods To Stop This Include 1)Fertilizer 1)Fertilizer 2)Crop Rotation (planting different 2)Crop Rotation (planting different

crops in alternating years) crops in alternating years) 3) Irrigation (water is artificially 3) Irrigation (water is artificially

supplied to the landsupplied to the land

DeforestationDeforestation- - Destruction or loss of Destruction or loss of forest (cleared for forest (cleared for logging, farmland) is logging, farmland) is way ahead of. . .way ahead of. . .

Reforestation Reforestation (replanting of forests) (replanting of forests) which has greatly which has greatly contributed to soil contributed to soil erosionerosion

THE QUALITY OF OUR AIRTHE QUALITY OF OUR AIR

Humans, animals, & plants Humans, animals, & plants need the gases in the air to need the gases in the air to survive- survive-

POLLUTION threatens us POLLUTION threatens us

1) Smog-The mixing of 1) Smog-The mixing of chemicals (from cars & chemicals (from cars & factories) with sunlight (ex.-factories) with sunlight (ex.-L.A. & Mex. City)L.A. & Mex. City)

2) Acid Rain-The mixture 2) Acid Rain-The mixture of chemicals with water of chemicals with water vapor in the atmosphere vapor in the atmosphere (damages trees & kills fish)(damages trees & kills fish)

3)Ozone Layer 3)Ozone Layer (Protects us (Protects us from the sun’s ultraviolet from the sun’s ultraviolet rays which cause skin rays which cause skin cancer) cancer) can be damaged can be damaged by certain types of air by certain types of air pollution which also pollution which also contribute to Global contribute to Global WarmingWarming

Mineral Resources-Mineral Resources- Solid Solid Substances that come out of Substances that come out of the ground such as the ground such as metals (aluminum to zinc metals (aluminum to zinc

making products from making products from airplanes to soft drink cans). airplanes to soft drink cans).

rocks (limestone which is cut into rocks (limestone which is cut into blocks for building)blocks for building)

& salt& salt

Minerals are extracted from Minerals are extracted from holes in the ground called holes in the ground called MinesMines, the mineral bearing rock , the mineral bearing rock is called is called OreOre

Mineral Recycling-Mineral Recycling- Very important, the Very important, the more we recycle, the more we recycle, the slower we will use up slower we will use up non-renewable non-renewable resourcesresources

(aluminum, copper, & steel are the (aluminum, copper, & steel are the most often recycled minerals)most often recycled minerals)

You can make money.You can make money.

EnergyEnergy is the most is the most important non-renewable important non-renewable resource in the world, resource in the world,

……these resources called these resources called Fossil Fuels (fFossil Fuels (formed ormed from the remains of from the remains of ancient plants & animals)ancient plants & animals)

CoalCoal was the 1 was the 1stst FF to be used for FF to be used for heat & energy (plentiful) heat & energy (plentiful)

PetroleumPetroleum ( also ( also called oil), 1called oil), 1stst used as used as lamp fuel, lamp fuel,

today is made into today is made into gas, diesel, heating gas, diesel, heating fuel, asphalt, & many fuel, asphalt, & many other productsother products

Natural Gas-Natural Gas- used for home & used for home & industrial heating (plentiful)industrial heating (plentiful)

HOMEWORK #3 (PGS.76-81)HOMEWORK #3 (PGS.76-81)

1)What are the 3 most 1)What are the 3 most important uses of important uses of forests?forests?

2)What 5 products do 2)What 5 products do we get from forests?we get from forests?

3)Define:A)Aqueducts B) 3)Define:A)Aqueducts B) Wells C) Aquifers D) Wells C) Aquifers D) Fossil WaterFossil Water

4)What are the main 3 uses 4)What are the main 3 uses of minerals?of minerals?

5A)What are 5A)What are Petrochemicals? Petrochemicals?

5B)What are some of its 5B)What are some of its uses?uses?

6)What is the negative of 6)What is the negative of burning fossil fuels?burning fossil fuels?

1)Protect soil from erosion, 1)Protect soil from erosion, provide habitats for many provide habitats for many different species, yield useful different species, yield useful products 2)wood, food, medicine, products 2)wood, food, medicine, oils, & rubber 3A)artificial oils, & rubber 3A)artificial channels for transporting water channels for transporting water B) holes dug to groundwater, B) holes dug to groundwater, using pumps to bring the water using pumps to bring the water to the surface C) rock layers to the surface C) rock layers where groundwater is plentiful where groundwater is plentiful D) very old groundwaterD) very old groundwater

4)construction, jewelry & 4)construction, jewelry & manufacturing 5A)products manufacturing 5A)products made from oil 5B) made from oil 5B) explosives, food additives, explosives, food additives, medicines, pesticides medicines, pesticides plastics 6)carbon dioxide plastics 6)carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) is (a greenhouse gas) is released-keeps extra heat released-keeps extra heat in the atmosphere-GWin the atmosphere-GW

2)What 4 factors must be 2)What 4 factors must be present for the soil to present for the soil to support plant life? support plant life?

3)What 2 factors determine 3)What 2 factors determine soil composition?soil composition?

4) Name the 3 layers 4) Name the 3 layers of the soil called the of the soil called the soil horizon. soil horizon.

5)What is a big factor in 5)What is a big factor in determining how fertile the soil determining how fertile the soil is? is?

6)What do soil profiles vary 6)What do soil profiles vary according to?( 2 factors)according to?( 2 factors)

ANSWERS TO BR #3ANSWERS TO BR #3 A)Physical material making up part of A)Physical material making up part of

the earth that people need & valuethe earth that people need & value

B) Those that natural processes B) Those that natural processes continually replace continually replace

C) Cannot be replaced after being used C) Cannot be replaced after being used

D) Rocky material including both rocky D) Rocky material including both rocky sediment & organic mattersediment & organic matter

E) Mixture of plant & animal material E) Mixture of plant & animal material broken down by bacteria, Insects & broken down by bacteria, Insects & Worms near the surface Worms near the surface

F) The downward movement of F) The downward movement of humus & minerals in soil humus & minerals in soil

G) The soil horizons at any placeG) The soil horizons at any place

2)Weathered rock material, 2)Weathered rock material, organic matter, gasses & water organic matter, gasses & water

3) The parent rock, climate 3) The parent rock, climate

4) (A) horizon called topsoil, (B) 4) (A) horizon called topsoil, (B) horizon called subsoil is the horizon called subsoil is the middle layer, (C) horizon which middle layer, (C) horizon which is weathered or broken rock is weathered or broken rock

5) The amount of leaching that has 5) The amount of leaching that has taken place-the lower the minerals & taken place-the lower the minerals & humus have fallen the less fertile the humus have fallen the less fertile the soil is likely to be soil is likely to be

6) Climate & major vegetation 6) Climate & major vegetation