Chapter 4 – Elements,

Compounds, and Mixtures

Section 1 - Elements

Elements

Are a pure substance

Can NOT be broken into a simpler

substance physically or chemically

Pure substances

Have only one type of particle

Particles are called atoms

All atoms are EXACTLY the same

Characteristic Properties

Characteristics do not depend on the

amount of the element

Physical characteristics:

Boiling point, melting point, density,

etc

Chemical characteristics:

Reactivity with acid, flammability, etc.

Identifying Elements

Elements are unique

May share some properties with other

elements, but not ALL properties

Metals

Shiny

Conduct heat energy

Conduct electric current

Ex: iron, nickel, cobalt

Nonmetals

Do not conduct heat energy

Do not conduct electric current

Solid nonmetals are dull looking

Ex: iodine, sulfur, neon

Metalloids

Have properties of both metals and

nonmetals

Ex: silicon, boron, antimony