CHAPTER 3

ANCIENT EGYPT

• Farming 5000 B.C.E. –River valley–Nile

•Civilization 3200 B.C.E.

Ancient Egypt

GOVT.

–Govt. Pharaoh, between gods-men• Protect people

Bureaucracy Regional governors

–Hieroglyphic alphabet Pictograms, phonetic Papyrus Restricted Hymns, prayers, poetry

EDUCATION

PABLO NERUDA

• Love Sonnet XI

I crave your mouth, your voice, your hair.Silent and starving, I prowl through the streets.Bread does not nourish me, dawn disrupts me, all day I hunt for the liquid measure of your steps.

EGYPT

SOCIETY

• Stratified– Most poor– Few elites

• Entertainment?– Beer (hekt): 17 types (“the heavenly,” “the

beautiful”)– $$$

• Women– More rights (legal)

ECONOMY

• Pharaoh and state• Monopolies

– Land, trade

RELIGION

• Central role• Flood cycles, illness• Sacrifices• Osiris (invented beer)

BUILDERS

• Pyramids• 80, Old Kingdom• Wealth and grandeur

KINGDOMS

• Kush–Southern Nile, Egyptian border– Independent, 1000 B.C.E.

KUSH

• Kush–Height: 250 B.C.E. to 50 C.E.

center of iron working

KUSH

The Eastern Mediterranean,c. 1100 B.C.E.

The Spread of Civilization in Africa

• Bantu Dispersal– Agriculture and iron– Nigeria– Spread by 1200 C.E.

The Spread of Civilization in Africa

• The Bantu Dispersal– Contact with other groups

Bantu Migrations