The man who assassinated JFK The man who killed JFK’s assassin.
Chapter 27 · JFK Responds June 1963 speech a“moralissue” calledfornewcivilrightsact August...
Transcript of Chapter 27 · JFK Responds June 1963 speech a“moralissue” calledfornewcivilrightsact August...
4/9/2015
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Chapter 27
aggressive leadership nation prosperous AK, HI became states little aid to Civil Rights ended Korean War Military‐Industrial Complex
funded vets education cheap mortgages for vets
Home construction mass production suburban growth
GA, FL to CA climate industries interstate highways
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transistor computers – “information age” Grace Hopper
IBM
passenger airlines 1957 – Boeing “707” Air Force One
1956 – white‐collar jobs outnumbered blue‐collar jobs
union membership declined after 1954 women in the workforce service & clerical jobs
stay at home Ozzie and Harriet, Leave it to Beaver
Feminine Mystique – Betty Friedan
Revivals – “Godless communism” Billy Graham –TV evangelist “under God”, “In God we Trust”
Credit Cards – Diner’s Club (1950) Fast Food – McDonalds – 1954 Disneyland – 1955 Sports – national influence NY teams to CA
Marilyn Monroe ‐ Playboy
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1960 – 90% of homes advertising significant cultural impact
I Love Lucy Gunsmoke, Bonanza Mickey Mouse Club, Howdy Doody
“beatniks” artists/writers spontaneity and spirituality nonconformists illegal drugs Jack Kerouac –On the Road
1946‐1965 1957 – 4.3 million Dr. Benjamin Spock Baby and Child Care ‐ 1946
Improved Health Care polio vaccine – Dr. Jonas Salk (1954)
oral polio vaccine – Dr. Albert Sabin
penicillin ‐ 1955
1950s – decade of conformity youth had money
Advertising Silly Putty
Hula Hoops
Pepsi
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The Wild One Rebel without a Cause – James Dean
Rock and Roll music Cleveland DJ Alan Freed
“race” records
Elvis Pressly
WW II – braceros settled in cities of SW, Chicago, Detroit Puerto Ricans “Spanish Harlem” – NY
180,000 to U.S. – Fidel Castro
1953 –Termination Policy ended Fed. status of Indian Tribes came under states’ jurisdiction
many tribes eventually had Fed. recognition restored
less farm work mechanization
migrated to cities for work
Michael Harrington – The Other America blacks – looking for jobs more hostility than other groups civil rights concerns
Urban Renewal
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1947 – Nat. Civil Rights Commission 1948 – desegregate military
1947 – Jackie Robinson
20% registered voters lynchings common 1955 ‐ Emmitt Till – 14 yrs. old
NAACP successes 1944 – “white primary” unconstitutional
1950 – separate professional schools no equal
social issues Brown v. Board of Education –May 1954 Thurgood Marshall
1955 – with “all deliberate speed”
much resistance
Little Rock, AR Sept. 1957 Little Rock Nine Gov. Orval Faubus – said NO! Eisenhower sent troops
1955‐56 Rosa Parks – Dec. 1955 blacks boycotted bus system (381 days) MLK, Jr. – 27 yr. old preacher nonviolence!
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Civil Rights Act of 1957 Civil Rights Commission
SCLC Southern Christian Leadership Conference
SNCC Student Non‐Violent Coordinating Committee
Sit‐in Movement – Feb. 1, 1960 Greensboro, NC –Woolworth’s
spread through the South
needed support of southern Congressmen
pushing civil rights issues might lose support
1960 test S. Court desegregation ruling Anniston, AL – bus burned Montgomery, AL – RFK representative beaten
Univ. of Mississippi 1962 – James Meredith aided by Medgar Evers
JFK sent federal marshals
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King – “most segregated city” Spring 1963 “Letter from Birmingham Jail”
Protests turned violent Eugene “Bull” Connor fire hoses, police dogs
JFK Responds June 1963 speech a “moral issue”
called for new civil rights act
August 1963 250,000 blacks and whites support JFK’s bill “I Have a Dream”
Evers killed in June 1963 Sept. 1963 16th St. Baptist Church bombing
4 girls died
Mississippi – 5% registered restrictions
24th Amendment – no poll tax Freedom Summer – 1964 voter registration drive in MS
3 workers disappeared
found weeks later
21 arrested; none convicted
Edgar Ray Killen – convicted in 2005
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March 1965 protest voting rights “Bloody Sunday”
images on TV; nation horrified
outlawed restrictions fed. workers could register voters
Summer 1965 – 1 week protests against police brutality 31 blacks dead 3 whites dead over 1000 injured
Nation of Islam supported separation
Mecca separated from Nation of Islam
killed in NYC Feb. 1965
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Black Panthers carried weapons
SNCC – supported violence StokelyCarmichael – “black power”
separatism; cultural identity more riots
Memphis, TN April 4, 1968 James Earl Ray
Civil Rights movement slowly died
increased voting blacks elected to office school desegregation (gradual) economic improvement
many problems still existed