Chapter 2 Section 2. Obelisk Mummification Hieroglyphics Papyrus Rosetta Stone.
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Transcript of Chapter 2 Section 2. Obelisk Mummification Hieroglyphics Papyrus Rosetta Stone.
Egyptian CultureChapter 2Section 2
Obelisk Mummification Hieroglyphics Papyrus Rosetta Stone
Key Terms
Worshiped many Few central
◦ Osiris- king and judge of the dead
◦ Isis-nature and protector of women
◦ Horus-god of the sky, pharaohs thought to be human form
◦ Anubis-judge of and protector of cemeteries
Gods and Godesses
Re- god of the sun, father of pharaohs
Anubis weighed the souls of the dead◦ Light soul, good life◦ Heavy soul fed to
terrible monster
Built temples to honor the gods
Obelisks- tall thin pillars with pyramid shaped tops (single stone)
Priests performed rituals
Caring for gods left to the priests
Temples and Religious Pratices
Belief in afterlife Elaborate rituals
for death Ka-individuals
personality Thought Ka would
shrivel if body decomposed
Mummification and Burial
Prevent breakdown of dead body
Only kings and royal family
Remove internal organs
Brain through nose Heart left in body Organs placed in
jars
Mummification and Burial
Buried with all their possessions
Food and drink Pharaohs had
treasures and riches
Statues for servants
Burial
Images on tomb walls
Items buried Clothing cosmetics Furniture tools
Daily Life
Highly stratified Pharaoh and royal
family Government
officials Priests Scribe Military leaders Were the
wealthiest
Social Structure
90% peasants farmers Recruited to build
large projects Slaves
◦ Not large part of population
Less rigid Gain status as a
scribe Ability to read and
write
Social Structure
Varied by class Pharaohs married
their sisters Royalty had more
than one wife Lived as family
units Poor tiny hut Wealthy brick
home, few rooms
Home and Family Life
Women take care of children
Women had rights Could be priestess Inherit property Divorce husbands Girls learned how
to raise children Boys learned
trades
Women and Children
Shaved heads and wore wigs
Wore perfume and makeup
Clothing linen and wool
Men wore long skirts Gold jewelry Sports, boating,
hunting
Appearance and Customs
Very distinctive◦ Detailed and colorful◦ Illustration of stories◦ Found on walls of
tombs Torsos are straight
on Head, arms legs
from side Gods and pharaohs
drawn much larger
Egyptian Art
Recorded all kinds of events
Hieroglyphics-uses pictures from symbols to represent sounds, objects
Hieratic- for fast writing religious
Papyrus- made from reeds still around
Egyptian Writing
Rosetta Stone Same text written
in three scripts◦ Hieroglyphics◦ Demotic◦ Ancient Greek◦ Using Greek text
figured out meaning◦ Unlocked the
mystery of Egypt
Egyptian Writing
Used it to improve their lives
Add, subtract, multiply, divide
Geometry Medicine
◦ Human anatomy◦ Surgical procedures◦ Used medicine from
plants
Egyptian Math and Science