CHAPTER 2 MINERALS AND ROCKS. S6E5. Students will investigate the scientific view of how the...
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Transcript of CHAPTER 2 MINERALS AND ROCKS. S6E5. Students will investigate the scientific view of how the...
CHAPTER 2
MINERALS AND ROCKS
S6E5. Students will investigate the scientific view of how the earth’s surface is formed. S6E5b. Investigate the contribution of minerals to rock composition.
What is a mineral?1. Naturally occurring2. Inorganic3. Solid4. Crystal Structure5. Definite Chemical Composition
Identifying Minerals1. Color 5. Hardness2. Streak 6. Cleavage and
Fracture3. Luster 7. Crystal Systems4. Density 8.Special properties
Standards:• S6E5. Students will investigate the
scientific view of how the earth’s surface is formed.
ELEMENTS:• S6E5c – Classify rocks by their process of
formation.
• S6E5d. Describe processes that change rocks and the surface of the earth.
Identifying Rocks1.Composition2.Color 3.Texture
Texture1. Grain Size (Fine, Coarse, No Visible Grain)2. Grain Shape (Rounded or Jagged)3. Grain Pattern (Banded or Nonbanded)
Grain Size
Picture of Slate(Fine grain)
Grain Size
Picture of Diorite(coarse grain)
Grain SizePicture ofFlint(no visible grain)
Grain Shape
(Rounded Grain)
Grain Shape
(Jagged grain)
Grain Pattern
(Nonbanded)
Grain Pattern
(Banded)
Types of Rock• Igneous• Sedimentary• Metamorphic
Igneous Rocks
Rocks formed from magma or lava
Igneous Rocks Classified as
intrusive or extrusive(intrusive made from magma)(extrusive made from lava)
Igneous Rocks Intrusive rocks are made from
magma inside the ground
Example:Porphyry
Igneous Rocks Extrusive rocks are made from
lava above the ground
Example:Obsidian
Sedimentary Rocks (formed through erosion,
deposition, compaction, or cementation)
Classified asClastic, Organic, or Chemical
Sedimentary Rocks Clastic rocks form when rock
fragments are squeezed together
Example :Shale
Sedimentary Rocks Organic rocks form where the
remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers
Left: CoalRight: Limestone
Sedimentary Rocks Chemical rocks form when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize
Example: Rock Salt
Metamorphic Rocks Formed from heat and
pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface
Classified as foliated or
nonfoliated
Metamorphic Rocks foliated rocks have their
grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
Example: Schist
Metamorphic Rocks nonfoliated rocks have
mineral grains that are arranged randomly
Example: Marble
Example of Rocks.
IgneousBasalt, Granite, ObsidianSedimentarySandstone, Limestone, CoalMetamorphicMarble, Shale