Chapter 17 Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic...
Transcript of Chapter 17 Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic...
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Chapter 17Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic contextJean-Louis Migeot
1. One-dimensional model
2. General 3D approach
3. Review of applications
![Page 2: Chapter 17 Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic ...homepages.ulb.ac.be/~aderaema/vibrations/17-FS_Coupling.pdf · In this section we will see how the pressure associated with](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040606/5eb503ba9e15672f53179abf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© Jean-Louis Migeot – MSC Software – Free Field Technologies – Université Libre de Bruxelles – Conservatoire Royal de Musique de Liège – IJK Numerics 2
Chapter 17Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic contextJean-Louis Migeot
1. One-dimensional model
2. General 3D approach
3. Review of applications
![Page 3: Chapter 17 Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic ...homepages.ulb.ac.be/~aderaema/vibrations/17-FS_Coupling.pdf · In this section we will see how the pressure associated with](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040606/5eb503ba9e15672f53179abf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© Jean-Louis Migeot – MSC Software – Free Field Technologies – Université Libre de Bruxelles – Conservatoire Royal de Musique de Liège – IJK Numerics 3
Objectives
➢ In the « Radiation » section we have seen that vibrations induce noise
➢ In this section we will see how the pressure associated with a sound field acts on a structure and changes its dynamic behvaiour.
➢ Key idea: The presence of a surrounding fluid adds:
mass
stiffness
damping
to a vibrating structure.
➢ The concepts will be highlighted on very simple examples then generalized using a finite element formalism.
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Fluid-structure interaction
Vibrating structure
Pressure distribution in acoustic fluid
Pressure wavesexcites thestructure
Vibrations inducesound waves in
the fluid
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SDOF + open tube
k
d
mF
(r,c)
x
x=0
➢ Dynamic equations of the piston:
➢ Purely propagating plane wave (no reflection)
➢ Acoustic and piston velocity matching gives acoustic loading p
➢ Modified dynamic equation:
Sound radiation appears as additional damping for the mass-spring system
➢ Power dissipated in equivalent damper matches radiated acoustic power
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SDOF + closed tube
k
c
mF
(r,c)
x
x=0 x=l
➢ Pressure in the closed tube excited by a mass with velocity iwU:
➢ Pressure acting on the mass = additional load
➢ Modified dynamic equations
➢ The resonant sound field in the closed cavity now appears as an added stiffness (when positive) or mass (when negative)
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© Jean-Louis Migeot – MSC Software – Free Field Technologies – Université Libre de Bruxelles – Conservatoire Royal de Musique de Liège – IJK Numerics 71.E-09
1.E-08
1.E-07
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
1.E-03
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Coupled response
Uncoupled response
Coupled vs. uncoupled response (strong coupling, no damping)
Added mass shift
Structure modes show in the acoustic response … and are followed by or follow an anti-resonance.
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0.E+00
4.E+06
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Impédance acoustique
Impédance mécanique
Impédance totale
Acoustic impedance
Mechanical impedance
Total impedance
Added mass shift
Structure modes show in the acoustic response … and are followed by or follow an anti-resonance.
Coupled vs. uncoupled response: impedance
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SDOF + Tube – General case
k
c
mF
(r,c)
x
x=0 x=l
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Chapter 17Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic contextJean-Louis Migeot
1. One-dimensional model
2. General 3D approach
3. Review of applications
![Page 11: Chapter 17 Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic ...homepages.ulb.ac.be/~aderaema/vibrations/17-FS_Coupling.pdf · In this section we will see how the pressure associated with](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040606/5eb503ba9e15672f53179abf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© Jean-Louis Migeot – MSC Software – Free Field Technologies – Université Libre de Bruxelles – Conservatoire Royal de Musique de Liège – IJK Numerics 11
Where does coupling come from ?
Uncoupled equations
Acoustic pressure loads the structure
Vibrations generate noise
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Pressure loading
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Vibrations
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Coupled equations
Strong coupling
Weak coupling
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Modal approaches
Structure:
Structure and fluid:
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© Jean-Louis Migeot – MSC Software – Free Field Technologies – Université Libre de Bruxelles – Conservatoire Royal de Musique de Liège – IJK Numerics 16
Chapter 17Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic contextJean-Louis Migeot
1. One-dimensional model
2. General 3D approach
3. Review of applications
![Page 17: Chapter 17 Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic ...homepages.ulb.ac.be/~aderaema/vibrations/17-FS_Coupling.pdf · In this section we will see how the pressure associated with](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040606/5eb503ba9e15672f53179abf/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
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Weak coupling (1)
Vibrating structure
Pressure distribution in acoustic fluid
Vibrations inducesound waves in
the fluid
➢ The structure is rigid
➢ The fluid is light
➢ The pressure field acting on the structure does not influence its vibrations
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Example
P.T. model dimensions
1m20
Noise directivity
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Weak coupling (2)
Vibrating structure
Pressure distribution in acoustic fluid
Pressure wavesexcites thestructure
➢ The pressure field radiated by the vibrating structure is small compared to the incident pressure field
➢ The structure is excited by the “blocked pressure”
➢ Application:sound transmission through an aircraft fuselage, diffuse field excitation on payload
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Weak coupling example
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Strong or full coupling
Vibrating structure
Pressure distribution in acoustic fluid
Pressure wavesexcites thestructure
Vibrations inducesound waves in
the fluid
➢ Light structure and/or Heavy fluid:
both effects must be considered together
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Strong coupling - Heavy fluid
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Strong coupling - Light structure
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Strong coupling - Transmission
Silencer Hybrid Analysis
Structure shell – Modal coordinates
Interior Finite Fluid – Physical coordinates
External Finite/Infinite Fluid – Physical coordinates
Vibro-Acoustic response Structure modes
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E
Exhaust noise
E
IS
Shell noise
Tailpipe noise
Weak coupling:
Modal radiation matrix FE:
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Conclusions
➢ A structure and the inner or outer acoustic fluid interact because:
vibrations generate sounds
sounds generate vibrations
➢ The effect of the fluid on the structure may be described in terms of:
added mass
added damping
➢ Coupling is always two-ways but in many cases one-way coupling is a fair approximation
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Chapter 17Fluid-structure interaction in an acoustic contextJean-Louis Migeot
1. One-dimensional model
2. General 3D approach
3. Review of applications